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1.
Rev. neuro-psiquiatr. (Impr.) ; 86(1): 62-67, ene. 2023. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: biblio-1442085

ABSTRACT

Introducción : Los aneurismas intracraneales representan el 85% de casos de hemorragias subaracnoideas, dentro de las cuales las no traumáticas tienen una alta tasa de mortalidad (40-60%). En el manejo endovascular y microquirúrgico de esta enfermedad, el debate ha sido siempre intenso respecto a si el tratamiento temprano produce un beneficioso resultado funcional y reduce la morbi-mortalidad del paciente. Caso Clínico : Paciente mujer de 54 años, admitida con cefalea súbita y cuadro neurológico que cursó con rápido deterioro. La tomografía mostró hemorragia subaracnoidea por ruptura aneurísmica del complejo comunicante anterior; fue sometida a microcirugía dentro de las primeras 24 horas y transferida luego a UCI, sin complicaciones. Discusión : El tiempo de resolución, sea mediante clipaje microquirúrgico o tratamiento endovascular es tema de intensos debates. Las guías actuales señalan la necesidad del manejo más temprano posible de la patología. Conclusión : En nuestro caso, se obtuvo un buen resultado funcional debido a varios factores uno de ellos el ingreso precoz a cirugía. La actualización de las guías y nuevos estudios ayudarán a mejorar el conocimiento de la enfermedad y protocolos hospitalarios adecuados a la realidad clínica ayudarán a reducir su tiempo de resolución.


SUMMARY Introduction : Intracranial aneurysms account for 85% of all subarachnoid hemorrhages. Non-traumatic SAH has a high mortality rate (40-60%). Regarding the microsurgical and endovascular management for this pathology, there has been intense debate on whether early action is beneficial in terms of functional outcome and reduction of morbi-mortality. Clinical case : A 54-year-old woman admitted with a sudden, severe headache and a rapidly deteriorating neurological state at baseline, and with deterioration at the next hour. Tomography showed a subarachnoid hemorrhage due to ruptured aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery; the patient underwent surgery within the first 24 hours, with subsequent ICU management without complications. Discussion : The resolution time of this condition, either by micosurgery or endovascular management is a matter of intense debate. International guidelines point out the need of an earliest possible treatment. Conclusion : In our case, a good functional result was obtained due to several factors, one of which was early admission to surgery. The updating of guidelines and new studies will help to better understand the pathophysiology of SAH, and the creation of hospital protocols adapted to clinical realities will assist to reduce the resolution time of this pathology.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Subarachnoid Hemorrhage , Case Reports , Intracranial Aneurysm , Aneurysm, Ruptured , Tomography , Mortality , Microsurgery
2.
Acta méd. peru ; 38(3)jul. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1505499

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el traumatismo encéfalo craneano es una de las principales causas de muerte en nuestro medio, El tratamiento médico y quirúrgico en la etapa inicial de un TEC severo se enfoca en evitar la elevación de la Presión Intracraneana. Objetivo : describir características asociados y sus principales complicaciones en aquellos pacientes sometidos a Craniectomía Descompresiva. Métodos : Estudio retrospectivo observacional descriptivo, realizado entre febrero de 2018 a julio de 2020 de pacientes operados de Craniectomía Descompresiva unilateral, admitidos por traumatismo encefalocraneano. Resultados : 66.7% fueron personas menores de 40 años; 87,5% fueron de sexo masculino; 16,7% de la población ingresaron con una ECG de 13-15, 37,5% de la población con una ECG de 9-12; 42.9% presentaron asimetría pupilar; 33,3% ingresaron por accidente de tránsito; 21,7% fueron Marshall II, 65,2% Marshall III y en 13,0% se halló un Marshall IV. Conclusiones : Los resultados sugieren que las características asociadas a la Craniectomía Descompresiva por TEC contribuyen en el manejo de esta patología.


Introduction: Head trauma is one of the main causes of death in Peru. Medical and surgical therapy during the initial stages of severe head trauma focus in preventing the elevation of intracranial pressure. Objective: To describe the associated characteristics and main complications in patients undergoing decompressive craniectomy. Methods: This is a retrospective observational study performed between February 2018 and July 2020 in patients who had been admitted because of head trauma and who had undergone unilateral decompressive craniectomy. Results: Two-thirds (66.7%) of patients were persons less than 40 years of age; 87.5% were males; 16.7% were admitted with Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) scores between 13 and 15; 37.5% were admitted with GCS between 9 and 12; 42.9% had asymmetric pupils; 33.3% were admitted because of traffic accidents; 21.7% were Marshall II, 65.2% were Marshall III, and 13.0% were Marshall IV. Conclusions: Our results suggest that characteristics associated to decompressive craniectomy because of head trauma contribute for its proper management.

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