Leiomiossarcoma paratesticular: relato de caso e revisão de literatura / Paratesticular leiomysarcoma: a case of report and review of the literature

Introdução: O leiomiossarcoma é um tumor maligno de células mesenquimais. Este estudo tem como objetivo apresentar um caso clínico de sarcoma paratesticular subtipo leiomiossarcoma, tendo em vista sua escassez na literatura. Relato de caso: Paciente, 40 anos, sexo masculino, negro, hígido, iniciou quadro de dor em região de bolsa escrotal. Foi submetido à ultrassonografia que evidenciou tumor testicular à esquerda. Foi realizada abordagem cirúrgica. Considerações finais: O leiomiossarcoma é um tumor maligno com envolvimento de músculo liso. Devido à raridade do leiomiossarcoma paratesticular, não existe protocolo estabelecido na literatura. A importância da equipe multidisciplinar e especializada com acompanhamento longitudinal tem o intuito de instituir a terapia padrão-ouro e evitar recorrência.

Introduction: Leiomyosarcoma is a malignant tumor of mesenchymal cells. This study aims to present a clinical case of paratesticular sarcoma subtype leiomyosarcoma given its scarcity in the literature. Case report: The patient, 40 years old, male, black, healthy, started with pain in the scrotal region. He was submitted to ultrasonography which showed a testicular tumor on the left. A surgical approach was performed. Final consideration: Leiomyosarcoma is a malignant tumor with smooth muscle involvement. Due to the rarity of paratesticular leiomyosarcoma, there is no established protocol in the literature. The importance of a multidisciplinary and specialized team with longitudinal follow-up to establish the gold standard therapy and avoid recurrence.

Histological study of rat ovaries cryopreserved by vitrification or slow freezing and reimplanted in the early or late postmenopausal stage

PURPOSE: To compare two rat ovary cryopreservation techniques (vitrification vs. slow freezing) and two postmenopausal stages (early vs. late) with regard to graft take. METHODS: Thirty-three Wistar rats were submitted to bilateral oophorectomy. One ovary was submitted to histological analysis while the other was cryopreserved by slow freezing or vitrification. The cryopreserved ovary was thawed and reimplanted in the greater omentum one week (early menopause) or one month (late menopause) after oophorectomy. One month after ovary reimplantation, the graft take was evaluated macroscopically and histologically. RESULTS: Six of the animals were used ascontrols and seven died. The histological findings of 20 animals included atretic follicles (n=4), primordial follicles (n=2), and corpus luteum with primordial follicles (n=3). No ovarian tissue was found in 11 animals. Vitrification resulted in a higher graft take rate than slow freezing (50% vs. 38.5%), but the difference was not statistically significant. However, the graft take rate was 9.3 times higher in the early than in the late postmenopausal stage (61.5% vs. 14.3%) (p=0.043). CONCLUSION: Vitrification was superior to slow freezing as ovarian cryopreservation technique, and grafting was significantly more successful when the ovary was reimplanted in the late postmenopausal stage. .

Anatomical variation of the brachiocephalic trunk and common carotid artery in neck dissection / Variación anatómica del tronco braquicefálico y arteria carótida común en disecciones de cuello

Variations in the trajectory of the brachiocephalic trunk and the common carotid artery predispose to disorders which might be critical in a tracheotomy and/or surgeries. Dissection of 110 formol fixed adult cadavers, both sexes, were performed to increase the anatomic knowledge of the neck vessels and its variations. Cadavers were from the Laboratory of Descriptive and Topographic Anatomy of the Federal University of São Paulo- Paulista Medical School- UNIFESP-EPM. In 109 of these cadavers no variations were found while in one (0.9%) it was possible to observe a variation in the trajectory of the brachiocephalic trunk and in the right common carotid artery.

Las variaciones en el trayecto del tronco braquiocefálico y de la arteria carótida común predisponen a complicaciones que pueden ser fatales durante una traqueotomía y/o cirugías. Con el objetivo de ampliar el conocimiento anatómico de estos vasos del cuello y de sus variaciones, decidimos diseccionar 110 cadáveres, formalizados, adultos, de ambos los sexos, provenientes del Laboratorio de Anatomía Descriptiva y Topográfica de la Universidad Federal de São Paulo-Escuela Paulista de Medicina ¡ UNIFESP-EPM. En 109 (99,1%) de los cadáveres no encontramos variaciones En un caso (0,9%) observamos variación en el trayecto del tronco braquiocefálico y de la arteria carótida común derecha.