ABSTRACT
Different Neem formulations derived from the Neem tree (Azadirachta indica) have been found to be potential fungicides against a broad spectrum of plant pathogenic fungi. Some Neem formulations viz. Achook (0.15% EC), Bioneem (0.03% EC), Nimbecidine (0.03% EC) and Neemark (0.03% EC) were examined against some plant pathogenic fungi such as (Fusarium oxysporum, Alternaria solani, Curvularia lunata, Helminthosporium sp. and Sclerotium rolfsii). Among these Achook (0.15% EC) was found to be more active in terms of Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) value followed by Bioneem, Neemark and Nimbecidine. Remarkably, although all these formulations are oil based, Neem oil itself did not exhibit any fungicidal activity.
Subject(s)
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical , Glycerides/pharmacology , Insecticides/pharmacology , Limonins , Mitosporic Fungi/drug effects , Norsteroids/pharmacology , Plant Diseases/microbiology , Terpenes/pharmacology , Triterpenes/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Toxic bait discs were prepared by incorporating the larvicide Abate (Temephos) technical, with yeast and dog biscuit (1:1), the latter forming the attractant source. These were assessed in 1, 10 and 25 litre aquaria and 100 litre drums against Aedes aegypti larvae. Floating as well as sinking bait discs were found equally effective in controlling free moving larvae. Larvae confined in artificially suspended cages were not affected. The baits were found effective for 5 to 6 weeks. Toxic disc bait preparation methodology and evaluation protocols are discussed in this communication.