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Purpose@#The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of prostate volume estimates calculated from the ellipsoid formula using the anteroposterior (AP) diameter measured on axial and sagittal images obtained through ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). @*Methods@#This retrospective study included 456 patients with transrectal US and MRI from two university hospitals. Two radiologists independently measured the prostate gland diameters on US and MRI: AP diameters on axial and sagittal images, transverse, and longitudinal diameters on midsagittal images. The volume estimates, volumeax and volumesag, were calculated from the ellipsoid formula by using the AP diameter on axial and sagittal images, respectively. The prostate volume extracted from MRI-based whole-gland segmentation was considered the gold standard. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to evaluate the inter-method agreement between volumeax and volumesag, and agreement with the gold standard. The Wilcoxon signedrank test was used to analyze the differences between the volume estimates and the gold standard. @*Results@#The prostate gland volume estimates showed excellent inter-method agreement, and excellent agreement with the gold standard (ICCs >0.9). Compared with the gold standard, the volume estimates were significantly larger on MRI and significantly smaller on US (P<0.001). The volume difference (segmented volume–volume estimate) was greater in patients with larger prostate glands, especially on US. @*Conclusion@#Volumeax and volumesag showed excellent inter-method agreement and excellent agreement with the gold standard on both US and MRI. However, prostate volume was overestimated on MRI and underestimated on US.
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Epidemiological evidence suggests that patients with hypertension infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are at increased risk of acute lung injury. However, it is still not clear whether this increased risk is related to the usage of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockers. We collected medical records of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients from the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Hangzhou, China), and evaluated the potential impact of an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) on the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients with hypertension. A total of 30 hypertensive COVID-19 patients were enrolled, of which 17 were classified as non-ARB group and the remaining 13 as ARB group based on the antihypertensive therapies they received. Compared with the non-ARB group, patients in the ARB group had a lower proportion of severe cases and intensive care unit (ICU) admission as well as shortened length of hospital stay, and manifested favorable results in most of the laboratory testing. Viral loads in the ARB group were lower than those in the non-ARB group throughout the disease course. No significant difference in the time of seroconversion or antibody levels was observed between the two groups. The median levels of soluble angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (sACE2) in serum and urine samples were similar in both groups, and there were no significant correlations between serum sACE2 and biomarkers of disease severity. Transcriptional analysis showed 125 differentially expressed genes which mainly were enriched in oxygen transport, bicarbonate transport, and blood coagulation. Our results suggest that ARB usage is not associated with aggravation of COVID-19. These findings support the maintenance of ARB treatment in hypertensive patients diagnosed with COVID-19.
Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists/therapeutic use , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/blood , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Biomarkers , COVID-19/complications , China , Hypertension/drug therapy , Intensive Care Units , Length of Stay , Retrospective Studies , Transcriptome , Viral LoadABSTRACT
@#To investigate the mechanism of Shouwu Jiangzhi decoction in treatment of hyperlipidemia by suppress apoB-48 in small intestines, Golden Syrian hamsters were randomly devided into blank group, model group, fenobrate treatment group and Shouwu Jiangzhi decoction treatment group based on weight. The hyperlipidemia models of golden Syrian hamsters were induced by high fat diet(HFD)treatment for 4 weeks, then administered orally with drugs for 4 weeks. The serum indexes of HDL-C, LDL-C, TG and TC were determined by microplate methods, ELISA kits were used to evaluate the contents of serum TNF-α, apoB-48 and FFA. The protein expression levels of p38, ERK, JNK, SREBP, TNF-α and apoB-48 in small intestines were determined by Western blots. The results showed that Shouwu Jiangzhi decoction can effectively increase the serum HDL-C level and reduce the serum level of TG, LDL-C, TNF-α and apoB-48 in HFD-induced hamsters. Furthermore, Shouwu Jiangzhi decoction can significantly downregulate the protein expressions of p38, JNK, ERK, SREBP, TNF-α and apoB-48 in small intestines. Results above indicate that Shouwu Jiangzhi decoction may downregulate the protein expression of apoB-48 to treat hyperlipidemia via partially downregulating TNF-α/MAPK signal pathway.
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Objective@#To investigate the etiology composition of enterovirus (EV) in patients with severe hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in children. To assess the diagnostic value of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tests in severe HFMD, and to find the key laboratory tests for severe HFMD.@*Methods@#A total of 288 hospitalized cases of children clinically diagnosed with severe HFMD in Hangzhou Children′s Hospital were included from March to July 2016. Throat swabs were collected and enterovirus nucleic acids were detected by fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. Synchronous CSF and serum samples were collected for EV-A71 and CV-sackievirus A16 (CV-A16)-IgM antibody detection. CSF samples underwent routine and biochemical tests. Normally distributed continuous variables were compared using t test. Non-normal distribution continuous variables were compared using Mann-Whitney U test. Differences between categorical variables were compared with χ2 test.@*Results@#The total positive rate of enterovirus nucleic acid EV-A71/CV-A16/EV by fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR in the 288 cases of children clinically diagnosed with HFMD was 83.7% (241/288), including EV-A71 55.2% (159/288), CV-A16 4.9% (14/288) and the other enterovirus 23.6% (68/288). Among the other enterovirus group, there were 29.4% CV-A6 (20/68) , 16.2% CV-A4 (11/68) and CV-A10 10.3% (7/68). The total positive rate of combined serum and CSF detection of EV nucleic acid and EV-A71 and CV-A16 IgM antibody was 98.3% (283/288). EV nucleic acid positive rate was 83.7% (24/288). The positive rates were statistically different (χ2 =37.289, P=0.000). The CSF nucleated cells count in EV-A71 positive subgroup was higher than those in CV-A16 positive subgroup and other enteroviruses subgroup (Z=-4.472 and -9.991, respectively, both P<0.05). The CSF nucleated cells positive rate in EV-A71 positive subgroup was higher than those in CV-A16 positive subgroup and other enteroviruses subgroup (χ2=43.857 and 133.078, respectively, both P<0.05). The CSF protein level in EV-A71 positive subgroup was higher than those in CV-A16 positive subgroup and other enteroviruses subgroup (Z=-3.151 and -5.255, respectively, both P<0.05). The CSF protein positive (>400 mg/L) rate in EV-A71 positive subgroup was higher than those in CV-A16 positive subgroup and other enteroviruses subgroup (χ2=4.956 and 11.795, respectively, both P<0.05). The CSF nucleated cell counts and positive rates in EV-A71 IgM antibody-positive subgroup were both higher than those in antibody-negative subgroup (both P<0.05). The CSF protein level and elevated proportion in antibody-positive subgroup were both higher than those in antibody-negative subgroup (both P<0.05). The lactate dehydrogenase concentration in antibody-positive subgroup was significantly higher than those in antibody-negative subgroup (P<0.05). The EV-A71 IgM antibody in serum was significantly correlated with the antibody in CSF (r=0.600, P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#EV-A71 is still the most important pathogen of severe HFMD in Hangzhou in 2016. Other enterovirus such as CV-A6, CV-A4 increases compared to those in 2014 and 2015. The CSF routine and biochemical tests and the IgM antibody levels can serve as an important indicator for the diagnosis of children with severe HFMD.
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· AIM:To observe the curative effect of different operative methods on acquired lacrimal point stenosis or adhesion,and to investigate the better treatment method for them.· METHODS:Totally 52 cases (72 eyes) suffered from acquired lacrimal point stenosis or adhesion,were divided into treatment group and control group by random number table,in which 27 cases (36 eyes) in treatment group were treated by modified tear incision combined with silicone tube implantation,25 cases (36 eyes) in control group were treated by silicone tube implantation.All cases were followed up for 12mo.· RESULTS:The total effective rate of the treatment group was 94％.The total effective rate of the control group was 78％.The difference between two groups was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Silicone tube shedded in two eyes in treatment group and three eyes in control group.The rate of silicone tube shedded in two was 6％ and 8％,respectively.The difference between two groups was not statistically significant (P＞0.05).None case had lacrimal point tear in two groups.· CONCLUSION:Modified tear point incision combined with silicone tube implantation is the better operative methods on acquired lacrimal point stenosis or adhesion.It is easily operating,less damage with quick recovery.And effective rate is high.
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Objective To investigate the prevalence and trends of human papillomavirus (HPV)infections in gynecology outpatients in Zhejiang province.Methods Samples of cervical exfoliated cells were collected from gynecology outpatients in 11 sentinel hospitals in Zhejiang Province from January 2011 to December 2013.Twenty one HPV subtypes were detected by flow-through hybridization technique.Chisquare test was performed to analyze the prevalence rates of HPV infections in different years and in different age groups.Results A total of 14 569 patients were enrolled in the study,among whom 3 552 (24.38％)were positive for HPV.HPV-16 (5.77％,840/14 569),HPV-52 (4.71％,686/14 569) and HPV-58 (4.52％,659/14 569) were the most prevalent subtypes.Among all patients,2 244 (15.40％) were infected with a single high-risk subtype,426 (2.92％) were infected with a single low-risk subtype,and 882 (6.05％) were infected with multiple subtypes.The rate of multiple infection was on the rise during 2011 and 2013 (x2 =23.65,P ＜0.01).The positive rates of HPV in patients with 15-24 y age group and ＞54 y age group were 27.91％ (211/756) and 27.73％ (439/1 583) respectively,which were higher than those in other age groups (x2 =18.664,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion HPV infection is popular in gynecology outpatients in Zhejiang province,especially in patients aged 15-24 y and ＞ 54 y,and a certain proportion of patients are infected with multiple subtypes.
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Objective To establish a method of nucleic acid extraction and enrichment based on magnetic nanoparticle as medium for elevating the analytical sensitivity of domestic HBV real-time PCR kit and detection of the trace amount HBV DNA. Methods After receiving antiviral treatment, the serum samples of 50 hepatitis B patients with HBV DNA concentration ≤1×104 IU/ml were collected. The WHO HBV DNA calibrator was used as the standard material. Nanometer magnetic beads were used to adsorb and enrich the HBV nucleic acid and increase the concentration of the extracted HBV nucleic acid template. Compared with Roche HBV DNA detection reagent and four domestic reagent with conventional nucleic acid extraction and detection method, the improvement effect of this method on domestic nucleic acid detection reagent was evaluated. Results After application of nanometer magnetic extraction method to domestic regent, the analytical sensitivities of the domestic reagent reached 10 and 50 IU/ml, respectively,which was about the same detection level to 12 IU/ml of the imported Roche reagent. The positive rates of the detection of serum trace amount HBV DNA of hepatitis B patients with four kinds of domestic extraction reagent were 64% ( 32 ), 56% ( 28 ), 62% ( 31 ) and 58% (29), respectively. There were significant statistical differences between Roche reagent and four domestic extraction reagent kits(x2 = 7. 895, 12. 698,9. 013 and 11. 416 ,P ＜0. 05 ). With nanometer magnetic extraction method combined with domestic reagent kits, the detection rates were 88% (44), 88% (44), 88% (44) and 86% (43) ,respectively. There was no significant difference compared with the imported Roche reagent (x2 = 0. 000, 0. 000, 0. 000 and 0. 088,P ＞0. 05). Moreover, when the HBV nucleic acid concentration was 101-103 IU/ml, the logarithm value of viral nucleic acid concentration was in reverse correlation to Ct value, but the correlation decreased in the concentration range of 103-106 IU/ml. Conclusions The nucleic acid extraction method based on magnetic nanoparticle as medium can significantly improve the analytical sensitivity of domestic HBV DNA detection reagent, which can be used to monitor the trace amounts HBV DNA in the sera of the hepatitis B patients.
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Objective To investigate the clinical significance of quantitative detection of serum HBsAg.Methods Serum concentrations of HBsAg were detected by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay in 7612 hospitalized non-hepatitis patients.The distribution of HBsAg positive patients and the relationship of HBsAg concentration with serum anti.HBs.HBeAg and HBV DNA were analyzed.Results The HBsAg positive rate was 11.4%(870/7612)in this series.The serum HBsAg ranged from 0.08 U/mL to 125 000 U/mL with a median of 932.28 U/mL.No significant difference of HBsAg concentrations between male and female patients was observed(Z=-0.366,P＞0.05).1.There were negative correlation of HBsAg concentration with the age of patients(r=-0.370,P＜0.01),and positive correlations of HBsAg with HBeAg(r=0.654,P＜0.01)and HBV DNA levels(r=0.765,P＜0.01).Conclusion The quantitative determination of seFum HBsAg may be useful in estimating the hepatitis B viral replication and clearance.
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ssay provides a higher detection rate for HCV infection in HD patients.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between alcohol consumption and risk factors for cardiovascular disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundreds and twenty six subjects were enrolled in the study and grouped to non-drinkers, mild drinkers, moderate drinkers and heavy drinkers. Serum GGT, hs-CRP, %CDT, HCY, lipoprotein were measured in all groups.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>There were significantly higher GGT levels with heavy drinkers than those with other groups (P <0.05), and GGT levels were increased with increasing alcohol intake; and there were significantly higher %CDT levels with heavy drinkers compared with those with no-drinkers; there was significant higher hs-CRP levels with heavy drinkers compared with those with mild and moderate drinkers (P<0.05); but in moderate drinkers there was significantly lower hs-CRP levels than non drinkers (P<0.05). Compared with non-drinkers, there were significantly lower LDL-C and TG levels with mild and moderate drinkers. There were no significant differences in CHOL, HDL-C, HCY, WBC, MCV levels among all groups. Heavy drinkers had higher smoking rate and higher prevalence of hypertension (P <0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Heavy alcohol consumption results in increasing GGT,%CDT and hs-CRP and may increase cardiovascular disease risk along with other risk factors.Mild to moderate alcohol consumption is associated with lower hs-CRP concentration,which may protect the cardiovascular system through anti-inflammatory mechanism.</p>
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Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Alcohol Drinking , Blood , Alcoholism , Blood , C-Reactive Protein , Metabolism , Cardiovascular Diseases , Epidemiology , China , Epidemiology , Risk Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires , Transferrin , Metabolism , gamma-Glutamyltransferase , BloodABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the clinical application of HLA-peptides tetramer staining flow cytometry for determining HBV specific CD8+ cells.Methods HBV specific CD8+ cells in whole blood samples of chronic hepatitis B patients were stained with tetramer complex of HLA-A2 and HBV core 18-27 peptide and counted by flow cytometry. Results The medians of percentages of HBV specific CD8+ cells of total CD8+ cells were 0.20%(0.02%～2.04%) in 11 acute hepatitis B patients and 0.05%(