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Dens in dente is a developmental anomaly resulting from infolding of the enamel organ into dental papilla prior to calcification of dental tissue. The pulpal tissue of the tooth can be vulnerable for bacterial invasion through direct exposure to the oral cavity or through defective enamel and dentin of the infolding part, thereby increasing the possibility of pulpal necrosis and subsequent apical periodontitis. Treatment planning of teeth with dens invaginatus may be difficult due to the complex root canal morphology. Therefore, thorough knowledge of anatomical variations of dens invaginatus is of great importance for proper treatment planning. The focus of this case report is on Oehler’s type II and III dens invaginatus. The infolding of type III dens invaginatus extends beyond the crown and CEJ. Bacterial invasion through the infolding can easily cause inflammation of the pulpal and periradicular tissue. This case report presents endodontic treatment of type II and III dens invaginatus with the aid of CBCT.
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Objective@#This study aimed to develop and validate a comprehensive self-report questionnaire to assess emotional and behavioral problems and psychological trauma in maltreated children. @*Methods@#The Mental Health Scale for Maltreated Children (MHS-MC) was constructed to encompass five major symptoms (depression, anxiety, inattention/hyperactivity/impulsivity, aggression/defiance, and psychological trauma) prevalent in maltreated children. Critical items and ego-resilience subscale were also devised to increase clinical utility. After informed consent, 205 children (maltreated children, n=157, 76.6%) were recruited nationwide, and they answered a package of self-report measures, including the MHS-MC. Reliability, construct validity, concurrent validity, and criterion-related validity were examined to explore the psychometric properties. @*Results@#The reliability was good to excellent. Confirmatory factor analysis yielded a five-factorial solution for the symptom subscales supporting construct validity. In logistic regression, the total scores of the MHS-MC predicted membership in the maltreated group. Criterion-related validity was generally satisfactory in that all subscales of the MHS-MC showed significant correlations with relevant measures in the expected direction. @*Conclusion@#This is the first attempt to develop a comprehensive psychological scale based on nationwide data collected from maltreated Korean children. We hope that the continued standardization of this scale will contribute to evidence-based clinical and policy decisionmaking for maltreated children.
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Objective@#The prolonged coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is likely to cause psychological distress in people. This systematic review aimed to identify the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR)-based psychological intervention among individuals with psychological distress during the COVID-19 crisis. PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, and PsycINFO databases were searched for articles published until July 2022. @*Methods@#The available citations were deduplicated and screened by two authors using the title and abstract information. Eligibility criteria were constructed according to the PICOT guidelines. Empirical studies of all designs and comparator groups were included if they appraised the impact of an immersive VR intervention on any standardized measure indicative of psychological distress (stress, anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic symptoms) or improvements in quality of life in participants, including COVID-19 patients, medical staff working with COVID-19 patients, and people who had experienced strict social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic. @*Results@#The results were discussed using a narrative synthesis because of the heterogeneity between studies. Seven of the studies met the inclusion criteria. There were two randomized controlled trials and five uncontrolled studies on VR interventions. @*Conclusion@#All studies reported significant improvement in a wide range of psychological distress during COVID-19, ranging from stress, anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic symptoms to quality of life, supporting the efficacy of VR-based psychological intervention. Our results suggest that VR intervention has potential to ameliorate COVID-19-related psychological distress with efficacy and safety.
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Background@#The World Health Organization (WHO) proposed a global action plan for dementia and aimed to have 75% of their member states formulating National Dementia Plans (NDPs) by 2025. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) proposed the ten key objectives of dementia policy in 2015. Among previous studies on NDPs, few studies have investigated measures for proper implementation of NDPs. This study aimed to compare the implementation basis and specific action plans of NDPs between the G7 countries and South Korea. @*Methods@#We investigated the measures for proper implementation of the NDPs of G7 countries and South Korea. To compare the specific policy approaches, the seven action areas of the WHO action plan and the ten key objectives of dementia policy proposed by the OECD were integrated into 11 targets (prevention, diagnosis, awareness, caregiver support, appropriate environments, long-term care, health service, end-of-life care, care coordination, research and technology, information systems). @*Results@#Although most NDPs included specific action plans of the 11 targets, caregiver support, safe environments, healthcare services, and end-of-life care were lacking in some NDPs. For implementation, some countries reinforced the policy priority of their NDPs by timely updates, evaluation, legislations, or head-of-state leadership. However, only three countries had a legislative basis, and three countries included outcome measures in their latest NDP. @*Conclusion@#Effective measures for feasible implementation are needed. The WHO should promote not only the establishment of NDPs, but also their proper implementation.
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Intentional replantation has been used for alternative treatment for conventional root canal therapy. This case report describes that the intentional replantation with application of extrusive orhodontic force for 6 weeks, on which tooth of previous root canal the-rapy. As preapplicatory orthodontic force, tooth moblity was increased so that extraction of the designated tooth was more easily accomplished and augmented volume of periodontal ligament is expected to acceleated gingival reattachment.
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Paramolar tubercle is a rare developmental dental anomaly defined as an additional cusp occurring on the buccal or lingual sur-faces of the molar. Permanent molar fused with paramolar tubercles can be a cause of difficulty in root canal treatment. Therefore, proper understanding of these variations is important in order to ensure successful endodontic treatment. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) can be helpful to understand anatomy of complicated cases. This case report describes nonsurgical endodontictreatment of maxillary second premolar fused with paramolar tubercle.
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Objective@#Research on psychological distress from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis has increased significantly, but the factors that can exacerbate or mitigate such distress have remained underexplored. To address the research gap, this study examined whether two types of rumination and perceived social support predict psychological distress during the pandemic. @*Methods@#Participants were recruited from communities of the greater Daegu area (n=316) where the first massive outbreak in South Korea occurred and most residents underwent substantial disruption of daily life. They completed self-report questionnaires that included measures of psychological distress, event-related rumination, and social support. @*Results@#The hierarchical regression analysis showed that maladaptive intrusive rumination and perceived social support predicted increases and decreases in psychological distress, respectively, even when subjective severity of COVID-19-related experiences was controlled. Putatively adaptive type of rumination (i.e., deliberate rumination) was not a significant predictor concurrently. @*Conclusion@#This is among the early endeavors to comprehensively understand risk and protective factors associated with an effective coping strategy against the COVID-19 crisis. Our results indicate that intrusive rumination aggravates but social support mitigates psychological distress during the pandemic, indicating that we can better adapt by differently attending to recent experiences and maintaining perceived social support.
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Purpose@#This study aims to compare the volumetric change, degree of conversion (DOC), and cytotoxicity of 3D-printed restorations post-cured under three different conditions. Materials and Methods: 3D-printed interim restorations were post-cured under three different conditions and systems: 5 min, 30 min, and 24 h. Three-unit and six-unit fixed dental prostheses (n = 30 for each case) were printed; ten specimens from each group were post-cured and then scanned to compare their volumetric changes. Root-mean-squared (RMS) values of the data were acquired by superimposing the scanned files with original files.Thirty disk-shaped specimens were printed to evaluate the DOC ratio. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to compare the DOCs of 10 specimens from each group. Human gingival fibroblasts were used to measure the cell viability of every specimen (n = 7). The data from this experiment were employed for one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post-hoc comparisons. @*Results@#Differences between the three-unit restorations were statistically insignificant, regardless of the post-curing conditions. However, for the six-unit restorations, a high RMS value was acquired when the post-curing duration was 30 min. The average DOC was approximately 56 - 62%; the difference between each group was statistically insignificant. All the groups exhibited cell viability greater than 70%, rendering them clinically acceptable. @*Conclusion@#The post-curing conditions influenced the volume when the length of the restoration was increased. However, this deviation was found to be clinically acceptable. Additionally, postcuring did not significantly influence the DOC and cytotoxicity of the restorations.
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Objective@#To compare the convenience and effectiveness of the existing lumbosacral orthoses (LSO) (classic LSO and Cybertech) and a newly developed LSO (V-LSO) by analyzing postoperative data. @*Methods@#This prospective cohort study was performed from May 2019 to November 2019 and enrolled and analyzed 88 patients with degenerative lumbar spine disease scheduled for elective lumbar surgery. Three types of LSO that were provided according to the time of patient registration were applied for 6 weeks. Patients were randomized into the classic LSO group (n=31), Cybertech group (n=26), and V-LSO group (n=31). All patients were assessed using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) preoperatively and underwent plain lumbar radiography (anteroposterior and lateral views) 10 days postoperatively. Lumbar lordosis (LS angle) and frontal imbalance were measured with and without LSO. At the sixth postoperative week, a follow-up assessment with the ODI and orthosis questionnaire was conducted. @*Results@#No significant differences were found among the three groups in terms of the LS angle, frontal imbalance, ODI, and orthosis questionnaire results. When the change in the LS angle and frontal imbalance toward the reference value was defined as a positive change with and without LSO, the rate of positive change was significantly different in the V-LSO group (LS angle: 41.94% vs. 61.54% vs. 83.87%; p=0.003). @*Conclusion@#The newly developed LSO showed no difference regarding its effectiveness and compliance when compared with the existing LSO, but it was more effective in correcting lumbar lordosis.
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The objective of present study was to compare the color stability of esthetic materials after application of fluoride varnishes. Esthetic restorative materials including composite resin (Filtek Z350 XT, 3M ESPE, MN, USA), resin modified glass-ionomer (RMGI, Fuji II LC, GC Co., Tokyo, Japan), and giomer (Beautifil Flow Plus F00, Shofu Inc., Kyoto, Japan) were used in this study. Cavity shield (3M ESPE, MN, USA) and V-varnish premium (Vericom, Seoul, Korea) were used as the fluoride varnishes. 30 samples of each restorative materials were prepared, which were divided into 10 each, among three groups. Group I were stored in distilled water, which were used as the control, Group II were applied with Cavity shield and Group III were applied with V-varnish premium. All specimens were stored in the distilled water at 60 ℃ for 30 days for the accelerated test. Samples were then subjected to colorimetric analysis. Data collected was statistically analyzed using one way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test (p=0.05). The color change before and after application of varnish was observed in all experimental groups. Especially RMGI showed highest ΔE* value (p<0.05). The color change according to the accelerated test showed no significant difference in the varnish application group and the control group. Giomer and RMGI applied with Cavity shield showed more color change than V-varnish applied group, despite no significant differences. Present study concludes that color stability of esthetic restoration materials can be affected by application of fluoride varnish. Especially, RMGI showed a large color change compared to the composite resin and giomer, which suggested that careful attention should be paid to clinical application.
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Objective@#Research on psychological distress from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis has increased significantly, but the factors that can exacerbate or mitigate such distress have remained underexplored. To address the research gap, this study examined whether two types of rumination and perceived social support predict psychological distress during the pandemic. @*Methods@#Participants were recruited from communities of the greater Daegu area (n=316) where the first massive outbreak in South Korea occurred and most residents underwent substantial disruption of daily life. They completed self-report questionnaires that included measures of psychological distress, event-related rumination, and social support. @*Results@#The hierarchical regression analysis showed that maladaptive intrusive rumination and perceived social support predicted increases and decreases in psychological distress, respectively, even when subjective severity of COVID-19-related experiences was controlled. Putatively adaptive type of rumination (i.e., deliberate rumination) was not a significant predictor concurrently. @*Conclusion@#This is among the early endeavors to comprehensively understand risk and protective factors associated with an effective coping strategy against the COVID-19 crisis. Our results indicate that intrusive rumination aggravates but social support mitigates psychological distress during the pandemic, indicating that we can better adapt by differently attending to recent experiences and maintaining perceived social support.
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Purpose@#This study aims to compare the volumetric change, degree of conversion (DOC), and cytotoxicity of 3D-printed restorations post-cured under three different conditions. Materials and Methods: 3D-printed interim restorations were post-cured under three different conditions and systems: 5 min, 30 min, and 24 h. Three-unit and six-unit fixed dental prostheses (n = 30 for each case) were printed; ten specimens from each group were post-cured and then scanned to compare their volumetric changes. Root-mean-squared (RMS) values of the data were acquired by superimposing the scanned files with original files.Thirty disk-shaped specimens were printed to evaluate the DOC ratio. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to compare the DOCs of 10 specimens from each group. Human gingival fibroblasts were used to measure the cell viability of every specimen (n = 7). The data from this experiment were employed for one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post-hoc comparisons. @*Results@#Differences between the three-unit restorations were statistically insignificant, regardless of the post-curing conditions. However, for the six-unit restorations, a high RMS value was acquired when the post-curing duration was 30 min. The average DOC was approximately 56 - 62%; the difference between each group was statistically insignificant. All the groups exhibited cell viability greater than 70%, rendering them clinically acceptable. @*Conclusion@#The post-curing conditions influenced the volume when the length of the restoration was increased. However, this deviation was found to be clinically acceptable. Additionally, postcuring did not significantly influence the DOC and cytotoxicity of the restorations.
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The objective of present study was to compare the color stability of esthetic materials after application of fluoride varnishes. Esthetic restorative materials including composite resin (Filtek Z350 XT, 3M ESPE, MN, USA), resin modified glass-ionomer (RMGI, Fuji II LC, GC Co., Tokyo, Japan), and giomer (Beautifil Flow Plus F00, Shofu Inc., Kyoto, Japan) were used in this study. Cavity shield (3M ESPE, MN, USA) and V-varnish premium (Vericom, Seoul, Korea) were used as the fluoride varnishes. 30 samples of each restorative materials were prepared, which were divided into 10 each, among three groups. Group I were stored in distilled water, which were used as the control, Group II were applied with Cavity shield and Group III were applied with V-varnish premium. All specimens were stored in the distilled water at 60 ℃ for 30 days for the accelerated test. Samples were then subjected to colorimetric analysis. Data collected was statistically analyzed using one way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test (p=0.05). The color change before and after application of varnish was observed in all experimental groups. Especially RMGI showed highest ΔE* value (p<0.05). The color change according to the accelerated test showed no significant difference in the varnish application group and the control group. Giomer and RMGI applied with Cavity shield showed more color change than V-varnish applied group, despite no significant differences. Present study concludes that color stability of esthetic restoration materials can be affected by application of fluoride varnish. Especially, RMGI showed a large color change compared to the composite resin and giomer, which suggested that careful attention should be paid to clinical application.
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Objective@#We evaluated the efficacy of a newly-developed spinal orthoses (V-LSO) by comparing the stabilizing effect, abdominal pressure, and comfort of 3 different semirigid LSOs (classic LSO, V-LSO, and CybertechⓇ ) during various body movements. @*Methods@#Thirty healthy volunteers (23∼47 years, 24 males, 6 females) were selected. A dual inclinometer measured the range of motion (ROM) while the participants performed flexion/extension and lateral flexion of the lumbar spine with 3 LSOs.The LSO’s pressure on the abdominal surface was measured using 9 pressure sensors while lying, sitting, standing, flexion/extension, lateral flexion, axial rotation, and lifting a box. Comfort and subjective immobilization were analyzed by a questionnaire. @*Results@#V-LSO had a statistically significant effect on flexion over CybertechⓇ . No significant differences were noted during extension and lateral flexion between the 3 LSOs. The abdominal pressure showed no significant differences while supine. While sitting, standing, and lifting a box, the mean abdominal pressure for V-LSO were significantly higher than those for Cybertech Ⓡ . During lumbar flexion, the mean abdominal pressures for classic LSO and V-LSO were significantly higher than that of CybertechⓇ . For extension, lateral flexion and axial rotation, the abdominal pressure for V-LSO was significantly higher than those of classic LSO and CybertechⓇ . In the subjective analysis, V-LSO and CybertechⓇ scored best for comfort. @*Conclusion@#The V-LSO and CybertechⓇ were more comfortable than the classic LSO, and hence, may have improved compliance with decreased discomfort. V-LSO may be superior to the other LSOs in restricting lumbar movement and increasing intraabdominal pressure.
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Objective@#We evaluated the efficacy of a newly-developed spinal orthoses (V-LSO) by comparing the stabilizing effect, abdominal pressure, and comfort of 3 different semirigid LSOs (classic LSO, V-LSO, and CybertechⓇ ) during various body movements. @*Methods@#Thirty healthy volunteers (23∼47 years, 24 males, 6 females) were selected. A dual inclinometer measured the range of motion (ROM) while the participants performed flexion/extension and lateral flexion of the lumbar spine with 3 LSOs.The LSO’s pressure on the abdominal surface was measured using 9 pressure sensors while lying, sitting, standing, flexion/extension, lateral flexion, axial rotation, and lifting a box. Comfort and subjective immobilization were analyzed by a questionnaire. @*Results@#V-LSO had a statistically significant effect on flexion over CybertechⓇ . No significant differences were noted during extension and lateral flexion between the 3 LSOs. The abdominal pressure showed no significant differences while supine. While sitting, standing, and lifting a box, the mean abdominal pressure for V-LSO were significantly higher than those for Cybertech Ⓡ . During lumbar flexion, the mean abdominal pressures for classic LSO and V-LSO were significantly higher than that of CybertechⓇ . For extension, lateral flexion and axial rotation, the abdominal pressure for V-LSO was significantly higher than those of classic LSO and CybertechⓇ . In the subjective analysis, V-LSO and CybertechⓇ scored best for comfort. @*Conclusion@#The V-LSO and CybertechⓇ were more comfortable than the classic LSO, and hence, may have improved compliance with decreased discomfort. V-LSO may be superior to the other LSOs in restricting lumbar movement and increasing intraabdominal pressure.
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ABSTRACT Persea americana Mill., Lauraceae, commonly known as the avocado, is native to tropical and subtropical regions, including Brazil. From the leaves of P. americana, one previously undescribed flavonol glycoside (1) together with ten known flavonoids (2-11), four megastigmane glycosides (12-15) and two lignans (16-17) were isolated. Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic methods including 1D- and 2D-nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry data. This is the first investigation that reports megastigmane glycoside and lignan classes within the genus Persea. All the isolated compounds have been assessed through the cell survival of larval zebrafish following neomycin-induced damage and the cell viability of a House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti 1 mouse auditory cell line. Among the tested compounds, juglanin (2) and (+)-lyoniresinol (16) showed significant cell regeneration in neomycin-damaged hair cell without cellular toxicity.
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Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) is an inherited metabolic disorder caused by a deficiency in enzymes that participate in the degradation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) such as heparin sulfate and dermatan sulfate. Left untreated, patients show progressive mental and physical deterioration due to deposition of GAGs in organs. Death often occurs due to cardiac or respiratory failure before patients reach their early twenties. MPS has several oral and dental manifestations. An enlarged head, short neck, and open mouth associated with a large tongue are major characteristics of MPS patients. Dental complications can be severe, including unerupted dentition, dentigerous cyst-like follicles, malocclusions, condylar defects, and gingival hyperplasia. A 21-year-old female patient with MPS was described in this article, with special emphasis on oral manifestations and dental treatment.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Young Adult , Dental Pulp Cavity , Dentition , Dermatan Sulfate , Gingival Hyperplasia , Glycosaminoglycans , Head , Heparin , Malocclusion , Mouth , Mucopolysaccharidoses , Neck , Oral Manifestations , Respiratory Insufficiency , Root Canal Therapy , TongueABSTRACT
There are several causes of tooth discoloration following root canal treatment. In this study, we evaluated the effects of sealers on tooth discoloration and internal bleaching. Twenty-four teeth were divided into 4 groups: control group, AH plus, Endosequece BC, and MTA fillapex group. Root canal filling was performed using each sealer conventionally and non-vital bleaching was performed with sodium perborate. The L, a, and b values were measured using Vita easyshade. Tooth discoloration after root canal treatment occurs irrespective of the type of sealers and may cause discoloration with only gutta-percha cone. The effect of non-vital bleaching following the use of calcium silicate-based sealers such as Endosequece BC and MTA fillapex was higher than that of AH plus. Therefore, it needs careful use of sealers in endodontics and calcium silicate-based sealers have advantages of bleaching in case of discolored tooth.
Subject(s)
Calcium , Dental Pulp Cavity , Endodontics , Gutta-Percha , Pemetrexed , Sodium , Tooth Discoloration , ToothABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of light-curing on the translucency change and color-stability of amine(tertiary)-free dual-cured resin cements after accelerated aging. Two curing modes (dual-curing and self-curing) were applied on three dual-cured resin cements (Duo-Link Universal [DLU], Nexus Third Generation [NX3] and RelyX Ultimate [RXU]) in this study. Ten specimens were fabricated for each group. In dual-cured groups only, light-activation was performed with polywave-LED curing unit (Bluphase, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein), where each sides of the samples were photo-polymerized for 60 seconds. Self-cured groups were kept in the dark storage for 24 hours. The color of the specimens was measured with spectrocolorimeter (NF999, Nippon Denshoku, Japan) after 24 hours of making samples. After the initial color measurements, the specimens were subjected to accelerated aging procedure. Spectrophotometric analysis was carried out on day 7, day 14, day 21 and day 28 of accelerated aging in 60 ℃ of distilled water. The color characteristics, color difference (ΔE*), and translucency parameter (TP) of specimens were calculated according to the CIE L*a*b* color system before and after aging. All the ΔE* values and TP values were analyzed by 2-way analysis of variance. After aging, all groups revealed clinically perceptible color differences (ΔE*>3.3). Differences in ΔE* values of self-cured groups were significantly higher than those of dual-cured groups in NX3 and RXU. But there were no significant differences in ΔE* between dual-cured mode and self-cured mode of DLU. All mean b* values increased after aging. All mean L* values decreased after aging except for self-cured RXU cement. TP values also decreased with aging. TP values of self-cured groups were significantly lower than those of dual-cured groups in NX3 and RXU. Hence, in conclusion, despite the absence of tertiary amine in the dual-cured resin cements, such resin cements should be polymerized with the dual-cure modes to ensure long-term color-stability.
Subject(s)
Aging , Polymers , Resin Cements , WaterABSTRACT
Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is defined as the xerostomia, burning sensation and various discomfort of tongue and oral mucosa. BMS can occur in both men and women, but is more frequent in middle-aged menopausal women. Because exact cause can't be identified clearly and it is hard to make diagnosis in clinic, the purpose of the treatment have been to relieve symptoms. Etiology of BMS is divided into local, systemic, and psychological factors. α-lipoic acid, clonazepam, supplemental therapy and cognitive behavior therapy can be prescribed for BMS. Nowdays, many experts focus attention on effect of combination therapy. It is necessary to solve the symptoms of the patients by combination of pharmacological approach and psychotherapy with cognitive behavior therapy considering the factors in various aspects.