Application of optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiography biomarkers in the prognosis and monitoring of diabetic macular edema / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Diabetic macular edema(DME)is a complication of diabetic retinopathy(DR), and is also the main cause of vision loss and blindness in DR patients. Optical coherence tomography(OCT)and optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)serve as the principal methods for the non-invasive assessment of microstructural and microvascular pathological changes in the retina. They are widely-used methods for detecting and evaluating DME. As OCT and OCTA technologies advance, various parameters have assumed the role of biomarkers, such as central subfield thickness(CST), cube average thickness(CAT), cube volume(CV), disorganization of retinal inner layers(DRIL), hyperreflective foci(HRF)and subfoveal neuroretinal detachment(SND). OCT and OCTA are widely used in clinical practice. OCT can visually show the layer changes and subtle structures of the retina and choroid in the macular area, while OCTA is more often used to detect microvascular changes. In this article, the role of OCT and OCTA-related biomarkers in prognosis and monitoring in DME is described, while the biomarkers visible in the test results can provide new ideas for monitoring and treatment strategies in DME, and provide new insights into the pathogenesis of DR and DME.

Research progress of optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiography in the prediction of postoperative visual acuity in patients with idiopathic epiretinal membrane / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Idiopathic epiretinal membrane(IERM)is a kind of epiretinal membrane without any other known ocular conditions, which occurs mostly in the middle-aged and elderly people over the age of 50. As IERM worsens, the structure and function of the retina in the macular region are altered, leading to symptoms like reduced vision and metamorphopsia. The pathogenesis of IERM remains unclear, and surgery is the primary treatment option. However, there is no consensus on the best time to have surgery, and there are differences in how well patients recover their vision following surgery. Optical coherence tomography(OCT)and OCT angiography(OCTA), as non-invasive and rapid diagnostic tools to observe retinal microstructure and blood flow changes in the macula, have been extensively utilized in clinical settings. The use of OCT and OCTA parameters to predict postoperative visual acuity has emerged as a hot topic in IERM research. This article provides a comprehensive review of current research on the correlation between various OCT and OCTA parameters and the prediction of postoperative visual acuity in IERM, aiming to assist clinicians in determining the optimal timing for surgery and balancing the benefits and risks involved.

Targeting ferroptosis and ferritinophagy: new targets for cardiovascular diseases / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading factor driving mortality worldwide. Iron, an essential trace mineral, is important in numerous biological processes, and its role in CVDs has raised broad discussion for decades. Iron-mediated cell death, namely ferroptosis, has attracted much attention due to its critical role in cardiomyocyte damage and CVDs. Furthermore, ferritinophagy is the upstream mechanism that induces ferroptosis, and is closely related to CVDs. This review aims to delineate the processes and mechanisms of ferroptosis and ferritinophagy, and the regulatory pathways and molecular targets involved in ferritinophagy, and to determine their roles in CVDs. Furthermore, we discuss the possibility of targeting ferritinophagy-induced ferroptosis modulators for treating CVDs. Collectively, this review offers some new insights into the pathology of CVDs and identifies possible therapeutic targets.

Advances in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of acute decompensatory cirrhosis / 中华肝脏病杂志

Acute decompensatory cirrhosis is a common cause of hospital admission, readmission, and death, causing a heavy burden on patients, their families, and society. This article reviews the research advancement from the perspectives of concept evolution, pathogenesis, treatment, outcome, and prognosis models, providing new ideas for preventing and treating acute decompensatory cirrhosis.

A comparative study of three internal fixation techniques for split fractures of humeral greater tuberosity / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective:To compare the clinical effectiveness between arthroscopic hollow screws combined with a suture anchor, hollow screws and proximal humerus internal locking system (PHILOS) in the treatment of split-type fractures of humeral greater tuberosity.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the 54 patients with split-type fracture of humeral greater tuberosity who had been admitted to Department of Joint Surgery, Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated to Southwest Medical University from May 2015 to August 2020. There were 17 males and 37 females with an age of (58.4±12.1) years. According to different treatment methods, they were divided into 3 groups. Group A of 18 cases was treated with arthroscopic hollow screws combined with a suture anchor, group B of 18 cases with hollow screws, and group C of 18 cases with PHILOS. The length of surgical incision, and range of shoulder motion, visual analogue scale (VAS), and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score at the last follow-up were recorded and compared between the 3 groups.Results:There was no statistically significant difference in the preoperative general information between the 3 groups, indicating the 3 groups were comparable ( P>0.05). The surgical incision in group A [(0.7±0.1) cm] was the shortest, followed by (5.0±1.4) cm in group B, and (12.8±2.1) cm in group C, showing statistically significant differences in pairwise comparison ( P<0.05). In the 3 groups at the last follow-up, respectively, the shoulder forward flexion was 159.7°±13.4°, 154.9°±16.2°, and 160.5°±12.9°, and the shoulder abduction 149.6°±11.3°, 142.4°±12.0°, and 145.1°±10.4°, showing no statistically significant difference among the 3 groups ( P>0.05); the external rotation was 41.1°±8.1°, 38.1°±7.8° and 43.7°±6.2°, showing a statistically significant difference between groups B and C ( P<0.05); the dorsal extension was T 12 (L 5 to T 6), T 12 (L 5 to T 7), and T 12 (L 3 to T 6), showing no statistically significant difference among the 3 groups ( P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference among the 3 groups in the VAS score or ASES score at the last follow-up ( P>0.05). Respectively, there were 2, 6, and 4 patients in groups A, B and C who developed complications, showing statistically significant differences between the 3 groups ( P<0.05). Conclusions:In the treatment of split fractures of humeral greater tuberosity, arthroscopic hollow screws combined with a suture anchor, hollow screws and PHILOS can all relieve pain and restore joint function of the shoulder. However, arthroscopic hollow screws combined with a suture anchor are the most recommendable due to their advantages in minimally invasiveness and reduction in complications.

Study on incidence and disease burden of foreign body in eyes in 1990 and 2019 of China / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To analyze the incidence and disease burden of foreign body in eyes in 1990 and 2019 of China.METHODS: Using the global burden of disease database in 2019, the incidence and disability adjusted life years(DALY)of foreign body in eyes in 1990 and 2019 of China were analyzed among the total population and different age groups of China.RESULTS: In 2019, the number of cases of foreign body in eyes in China was 11.2535 million, and the incidence was 79.12/10 000. The number and incidence of foreign body in eyes in 2019 decreased 12.87% and 27.49% respectively compared with those in 1990. In 2019, the DALY of foreign body in eyes in China was 181 200 person-years, and the DALY of foreign body in eyes in 2019 increased by 6.14% compared with 1990. In 2019, the age groups with the highest number of cases, incidence and DALY were all 20-54 years old, which were 8 012 600, 103.97/10 000 and 102 500 person-years, respectively. From 1990 to 2019, the incidence of foreign body in eyes in China showed a decreasing trend, average annual percentage change(AAPC)=-1.2%(95%CI: -1.8～-0.7, P&#x0026;#x003C;0.05), and DALY rate also showed a decreasing trend, AAPC=-0.6%(95%CI:-2.1～0, P&#x0026;#x003C;0.05). From 1990 to 2019, the incidence and DALY rate of foreign body in eyes in China and the World showed a downward trend. In 2019, the incidence and DALY rate of foreign body in eyes in China were significantly higher than those in the World and regions with different sociodemographic index(SDI).CONCLUSION: Although the incidence and DALY rates of foreign body in eyes in China have been decreasing in recent years, China has a large population base and the burden of foreign body in eyes is still large in the World. Active preventive measures should be taken to reduce the disease burden of foreign body in eyes.

Research progress of microfluidic chips in age-related macular degeneration / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Age-related macular degeneration(ARMD)is the primary cause of severe visual impairment and blindness in people over 60 years old. With the aging of the global population, the incidence of the disease is also rising year by year. However, the pathogenesis and treatment strategy of ARMD need to be further explored. As a cutting-edge science and technology, microfluidic chips can build a comprehensive microsystem that simulates the condition and function of human tissues and organs, which has the advantages of less sample consumption and short analysis time. In recent years, many studies have confirmed that microfluidic chips can bring brand new technology solutions to the basic and clinical research of ARMD. This article will discuss and review the application progress of microfluidic chips in the areas of ARMD mechanism research, drug evaluation and clinical translation, providing a theoretical reference for further research on the diagnosis and treatment of ARMD.

Comparison of efficacy between intravitreal injection of conbercept with and without macular photocoagulation for diabetic macular edema / 中华实验眼科杂志

Objective:To compare the clinical efficiency and safety between intravitreal injection of conbercept with and without macular photocoagulation for diabetic macular edema (DME).Methods:A non-random controlled study was conducted.Sixty patients (60 eyes) with DME treated in Shenzhen People's Hospital from January 2017 to January 2020 were enrolled.The patients receiving intravitreal injection of conbercept alone were divided into conbercept injection group (33 cases, 33 eyes), and those who underwent macular photocoagulation combined with intravitreal injection of conbercept were divided into combined treatment group (27 cases, 27 eyes). Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was examined using Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study.The BCVA, central macular thickness (CMT) and fluorescein fundus angiography (FFA) examination were performed to observe the changes of macular edema and leakage area before and at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after treatment.The injection frequency, ocular and systemic complications were recorded.This study protocol adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by an Ethics Committee of Shenzhen Pepole's Hospital (No.LL-YK-20170405). Written informed consent was obtained from each patient prior to any medical examination.Results:There were better mean BCVA and lower CMT at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after treatment compared with the BCVA and CMT before treatment in the two groups (all at P<0.05). At 12 months after treatment, FFA showed that the improvement rate of macular edema was 91.0% (30/33) in the conbercept injection group and 96.3% (26/27) in the combined treatment group, showing a statistically significant difference between them ( χ2=3.430, P<0.05). The injection frequency was (4.36±1.62) times in the conbercept injection group, which was significantly higher than (3.41±0.64) times in the combined treatment group ( t=9.211, P<0.05). No ocular adverse events, including ocular hypertension, endophthalmitis and retinal pigment epithelial tears or systemic complications were found during the follow-up. Conclusions:Intravitreal injection of conbercept with or without macular photocoagulation can both maintain or improve visual acuity and alleviate exudative macular edema.They both show good safety, and the combined therapy has better long-term efficacy than conbercept alone.

Expression and clinical significance of CC motif chemokine ligand 20 in esophageal carcinoma based on the Cancer Genome Atlas data mining / 解剖学报

Objective To explore the expression and significance of CC mokif chemokine ligand 20(CCL20) gene in esophageal carcinoma and its influence on the progression and prognosis of the disease. Methods The expression data of esophageal cancer were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and were collected from cBioPortal(www.cbioportal.org).The survival curve was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method. Through the website (http://ualcan.path.uab. edu) the objective was to analyze the expression of CCL20 gene in esophageal cancer tissues, the relationship between CCL20 and obesity and the methylation level of CCL20 in esophageal cancer. cBioPortal was used to analyze the copy number and mRNA expression of CCL20 gene. Finally, the expression differences of CCL20 in esophageal cancer tissues and adjacent tissues were analyzed by mRNA and protein levels. Results CCL20 was highly expressed in esophageal cancer, especially adenocarcinoma. The survival rate of patients with high expression of CCL20 was reduced. The expression of CCL20 was directly proportional to the degree of obesity in patients with esophageal cancer and inversely proportional to the degree of methylation. The expression of CCL20 in esophageal cancer tissues increased significantly. Conclusion CCL20 gene expression level is associated with poor prognosis of esophageal cancer patients.

Frequency characteristics of horizontal semicircular canals damage and the ultrastructure analysis of crista ampullaris in patients with Meniere's disease / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To investigate the frequency characteristics and the pathological characteristics of the horizontal crista ampullaris in patients with Meniere's disease,and to analyse its structural basis. Methods: Between March, 2019 and November, 2019, seventy-two patients diagnosed as Meniere's disease (27 males and 45 females, aged from 13 to 74 years, with a course of disease ranging from 4 months to 32 years)in Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital were included.Caloric test, sinusoidal harmonic acceleration test (SHA), video-head impulse test (v-HIT), Gadolinium-enhanced inner-ear 3D-FLAIR MRI and pure tone audiometry were conducted in the patients. The function of the horizontal semicircular canal in these patients were analysed as well as its relationship with the degree of endolymphatic hydrops,clinical stage and duration. Light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used to observe the ultrastructure of horizontal semicircular canal crista ampullaris from six patients with refractory Meniere's disease who underwent labyrinthectomy. The number of type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ vestibular hair cells, the common pathophysiological changes of horizontal semicircular canal crista ampullaris were investigated in these patients. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 19.0. Results: With the increase of detection frequency, the abnormal rate decreased gradually. The abnormal rate of caloric test was 69.4% (50/72), SHA 51.4% (37/72), V-HIT 36.1% (26/72), comparation of the positive rate among the three tests showed statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Neither caloric test nor SHA had correlation with the degree of hydrops(P>0.05), but v-HIT(r=0.434,P<0.01).There was correlation with clinical stage to SHA and v-HIT(r=0.338,0.462,P<0.01), except caloric test(P>0.05).No significant relation was found with caloric test, SHA, v-HIT and course of disease(P>0.05).Morphological observation found abnormal monolayer epithelialization of the horizontal semicircular canal crista ampullaris significantly decreased number of type Ⅱ hair cells compared with type Ⅰhair cells. Hair cells showed perinuclear vacuolization, cytoplasmic vacuoles, mitochondrial electron density increasement and loss of stereocilia. Conclusions: The horizontal semicircular canal damage in the patients with Meniere's disease has a frequency-dependent characteristic, mainly occurres in low frequency area. With progress of the disease, the high frequency area of ampulla will be impaired gradually, and it is related to the degree of endolymphatic hydrops and hearing level. Hair cell injury would be observed,the frequency characteristics may be more associated with the disorder of type Ⅱ hair cells.

Crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease

The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is changing the world like never before. This crisis is unlikely contained in the absence of effective therapeutics or vaccine. The papain-like protease (PLpro) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) plays essential roles in virus replication and immune evasion, presenting a charming drug target. Given the PLpro proteases of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV share significant homology, inhibitor developed for SARS-CoV PLpro is a promising starting point of therapeutic development. In this study, we sought to provide structural frameworks for PLpro inhibitor design. We determined the unliganded structure of SARS-CoV-2 PLpro mutant C111S, which shares many structural features of SARS-CoV PLpro. This crystal form has unique packing, high solvent content and reasonable resolution 2.5 Å, hence provides a good possibility for fragment-based screening using crystallographic approach. We characterized the protease activity of PLpro in cleaving synthetic peptide harboring nsp2/nsp3 juncture. We demonstrate that a potent SARS-CoV PLpro inhibitor GRL0617 is highly effective in inhibiting protease activity of SARS-CoV-2 with the IC

Impact of edaravone on serum CXC chemokine ligand-13 levels and perioperative neurocognitive disorders in elderly patients with hip replacement / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) are a series of severe complications in the perioperative and anesthetic periods with a decline in memory, execution ability, and information processing speed as the primary clinical manifestation. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of edaravone (EDA) on PND and peripheral blood C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) levels in elderly patients with hip replacement.@*METHODS@#A total of 160 elderly patients undergoing hip arthroplasty in Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital of Southern Medical University (from March 2016 to March 2018) were randomly and double-blindly categorized into an EDA group and a control group (CON). Group EDA was administered intravenously EDA 30 min before surgery, and group CON was administered intravenously saline. The cognitive function of the two groups was evaluated 1-day before the operation and at 1 and 12 months after surgery, and the incidence of post-operative delirium was tested on days 1, 3, and 7 after surgery using the Chinese version of the confusion assessment method. Serum CXCL13 and interleukin (IL)-6 concentrations were measured before anesthesia, during surgery (30 min after skin incision), and on days 1, 3, and 7 after surgery. The continuous variables in accordance with normal distribution were tested using the Student's t test, the continuous variables without normal distribution using the Mann-Whitney U test, and categorical variables by the χ2 test or Fisher exact test.@*RESULTS@#The incidence of post-operative delirium within 7 days after surgery was significantly higher in group CON than that in group EDA (31.3% vs. 15.0%, t = -5.6, P < 0.001). The modified telephone interview for cognitive status and activities of daily life scores were significantly higher in the group EDA than those in the group CON at 1 month (39.63 ± 4.35 vs. 33.63 ± 5.81, t = -2.13, P < 0.05 and 74.3 ± 12.6 vs. 61.2 ± 13.1, t = -1.69, P < 0.05) and 12 months (40.13 ± 5.93 vs. 34.13 ± 5.36, t = -3.37, P < 0.05 and 79.6 ± 11.7 vs. 65.6 ± 16.6, t = -2.08, P < 0.05) after surgery; and the incidence of neurocognitive dysfunction was significantly lower in the group EDA than that in the group CON (P < 0.05). Serum CXCL13 and IL-6 concentrations were significantly lower in the group EDA than those in the group CON during and after surgery (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#EDA can significantly reduce the serum concentrations of CXCL13 and IL-6 and improve the PND of patients.

Chemical Structure and Morphological Features of A Polysaccharide BHP-1 Purified from Bulbs of Lilium davidii var. unicolor / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::To study the chemical structure and morphological features of a polysaccharide BHP-1 isolated and purified from the bulbs of Lilium davidii var. unicolor. Method::Thermogravimetry (TG) and scanning electron microscopy (SEC) was used to determine the thermal characteristics and the surface morphology changes of the polysaccharide BHP-1, respectively. The chemical structure of BHP-1 was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS), partial acid hydrolysis, sodium periodate oxidation-Smith degradation and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Result::The results showed that the backbone of the polysaccharide BHP-1 mainly contained α-(1→4)-linked D-glucopyranosyl and β-(1→4)-linked D-mannopyanosyl, and the branches were probably linked at the O-2 and/or O-3 of the mannosyl and glucosyl residues, with T-α-D-glucopyranosyl as a terminal structure. It was a natural mannoglucose containing a small amount of O-acetyl group. BHP-1 began to degrade at 220 °C, and the degradation ended at 520 ℃, indicating a good thermal stability, smooth surface and a large number of depressions. The depressions were formed by closely interlaced and sunken sheet layers with irregular holes. Conclusion::BHP-1 was a natural mannoglucose with a good thermal stability, smooth surface, a large number of depressions and irregular holes, and contained a small amount of O-acetyl group. Its chemical structure was reported for the first time.

Visualization Analysis of Henoch-schonlein Purpura Treated by Traditional Chinese Medicine Based on Citespace / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::To finding the main research contents, research frontier, author and institutional cooperation of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) for treating henoch-schonlein purpura(HSP). Providing reference for the research and development of TCM for treating the disease. Method::Using Citespace to analyze 2 878 TCM articles related to HSP retrieved from CNKI, cluster analysis and burst analysis of literature keywords, co-occurring authors and institutional cooperation analysis. Result::Since 1995, the number of related literature was growing rapidly and had been stable at more than 100 per year after 2005.Cluster analysis showed 32 clusters, consisting of 396 nodes and 638 lines. The main clustering results include Children with allergic purpura, blood-activating and stasis-resolving drug, Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis, blood-cooling drugs, clinical observation, etc. Break analysis yielded 52 emergent words. It can be seen that TCM treatment of HSP is mainly based on cooling blood, followed by activating blood to eliminate stagnation and clearing heat. Commonly used drugs are Moutan Cortex, Paeoniae Radix Rubra, and Rehmanniae Radix, etc. Clinically, it pays more attention to the experience of famous doctors, research on Children with allergic purpura, etc.The author's cooperation network has obtained the maps of the three main cooperation teams with DING Ying, SUN Yi-qiu and HE Ping as the core. The Density of institutional cooperation network is 0.007 1. Conclusion::The main research contents of TCM for treating HSP include Children with allergic purpura, blood-activating and stasis-resolving drug, HSP nephritis, blood-cooling drugs, clinical observation, etc. Children with allergic purpura, experience from famous doctor, HSP nephritis and clinical efficacy is the foremost current research hotspot. A number of research teams have been formed that are relatively stable, but the institutional cooperation is scattered.

The applied research of simultaneous image acquisition of T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the assessment of patients with prostate cancer / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of simultaneous image acquisition of multiple instantaneous switchable scan (MISS) for prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on 3T. Fifty-three patients were scanned with MRI due to suspected prostate cancer. Twenty-eight of them got histological results. First, two readers assessed the structure delineation and image quality based on images of conventional T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) (CTD). Second, two readers identified the index lesion together, and then, reader one evaluated the contrast of index lesion on T2WI and signal ratio on apparent diffusion coefficient map. Third, they assigned Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) score in consensus for the index lesion. After 4 weeks, the images of MISS were reviewed by the same readers following the same process. Finally, two readers gave preference for image interpretation, respectively. Kappa coefficient, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, paired-sample t-test, Bland-Altman analysis, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were used for statistical analysis. The acquisition time of CTD was 6 min and 10 s, while the acquisition time of MISS was 4 min and 30 s. Interobserver agreements for image evaluation were κ = 0.65 and κ = 0.80 for CTD and MISS, respectively. MISS-T2WI showed better delineation for seminal vesicles than CTD-T2WI (reader 1: P < 0.001, reader 2: P = 0.001). The index lesion demonstrated higher contrast in MISS-T2WI (P < 0.001). The PI-RADS scores based on CTD and MISS exhibited high ability in predicting clinically significant cancer (area under curve [AUC] = 0.828 vs 0.854). Readers preferred to use MISS in 41.5%-47.2% of cases. MISS showed comparable performance to conventional technique with less acquisition time.

RNA-binding Protein UNR Promotes Glioma Cell Migration and Regulates the Expression of Ribosomal Protein L9 / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

Objective To investigate the role of RNA binding protein─upstream-of-N-Ras (UNR) in the development of glioma and its molecular mechanism.Methods First, bioinformatics analysis of CGGA database was performed to detect UNR expression level and prognosis of patients with glioma. Western blot and real-time PCR were used to detect UNR expression level in glioma cell lines and tissues. Next, UNR siRNAs were transfected in glioma cells, and MTS assay and scratch wound-healing assay were used to detect changes in cell proliferation and migration. Then, the candidate UNR target mRNAs were identified by analyzing the sequencing data of UNR iCLIP-seq, RNA sequencing and ribosome profiling databases of human melanoma. RNA immunoprecipitation and biotin pull-down assays were used to identify the UNR target mRNAs in glioma cells. Finally, western blot was used to detect the effect of UNR knockdown on ribosomal protein L9 (RPL9) and RPL9 protein expression level in glioma cell lines. RPL9 siRNA was transfected in A172 and T98G and the expression of vimentin in the cells was detected with western blot.Results Bioinformatics analysis showed that UNR mRNA expression level was significantly higher in high-grade glioma [Grade 2 (n=126), Grade 3 (n=51), Grade 4 (n=128), P<0.001]. UNR high expression levels were associated with poor prognosis (P=0.0177). UNR had high expression level in glioma cell lines and patient samples compared with normal cell lines and normal brain samples (P<0.01). Knockdown of UNR inhibited glioma cells migration (P<0.05), but did not inhibit glioma cells growth in three glioma cell lines. UNR binded the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of PTEN and RPL9 mRNAs. RPL9 protein was significantly highly expressed in most glioma cell lines (n=9) and knockdown of UNR resulted in a downregulation of RPL9 protein expression. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related marker─vimentin was positively regulated by RPL9.Conclusions UNR could bind to the 3'UTR of PTEN and RPL9 in glioma cell lines, therefore promoting glioma cell migration and regulating the expression of RPL9. Here, we establish a link between UNR and RPL9 protein, which will provide new ideas for the further study of glioma.

Effect of pushing manipulation on Qiaogong acupoint on hemodynamics in cynomolgus monkeys with mild carotid atherosclerotic plaques / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the hemodynamic changes in cynomolgus monkeys with mild carotid atherosclerotic (CAS) plaques after therapy with pushing manipulation on Qiaogong acupoint (MPQ).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Nine cynomolgus monkeys were equally randomized into MPQ group, mild CAS model group and blank control group. Mild CAS models were established in the monkeys in MPQ and model groups, and the monkeys in MPQ group received treatment with MPQ intervention after the modeling. The conditions of the carotid artery and the hemodynamic changes in the 3 groups were evaluated after the treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Formation of CAS plaques was detected in monkeys in both MPQ and model groups. The vascular cross?sectional area, plaque cross?sectional area and stenosis rate of the plaques in the two groups all differed significantly from those in the blank control group (P<0.05), but these parameters were similar between MPQ group and the model group (P>0.05). Compared with those in the blank control group, the hemodynamic parameters showed significant changes in MPQ and the model groups (P<0.05) but remained similar between the latter two groups (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CAS plaques can cause changes in hemodynamic parameters. Short?term therapy with MPQ does not affect the stability of the plaques or cause adverse effects on hemodynamics in cynomolgus monkeys with mild CAS plaques.</p>

Preliminary study on the efficacy of sequential therapy with nucleotide analogues followed by interferon alpha in chronic hepatitis B patients with low HBsAg level / 中国感染与化疗杂志

Objective To investigate the efifcacy of interferon alpha (IFNα) followed by nucleotide analogues (NAs) treatment in patients with negative hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), undetectable serum HBV-DNA and low hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) levels.Methods The enrolled HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B patients had undetectable HBV-DNA level (HBV-DNA<1000 copies/mL for at least 12 months) and low HBsAg level (HBsAg≤2000 U/mL) with long-term NAs treatment. These patients switched their therapy sequentially from NAs regimens to IFNα for 48 weeks. The treatment response was evaluated in terms of serum HBV DNA load, serological HBV markers, liver function tests and routine blood test before treatment and 12, 24 and 48 weeks of treatment. The patients were followed up for 24 weeks after treatment. The primary endpoint was HBsAg loss or seroconversion and HBsAg<10 U/mL. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine relevant predictive factors. Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the value of prior HBeAg seroconversion and on-treatment HBsAg dynamics in predicting HBeAg seroconversion than in HBsAg persistence group (χ2=9.527,P=0.002). HBsAg loss was more likely in the patients who had HBsAg decline at least 0.5 log U/mL from baseline at week 12 of treatment (χ2=16.576,P<0.001). The area under the ROC curve for prediction of HBsAg loss was 0.810 (95 %CI, 0.686 to 0.935,P<0.001).Conclusions The HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B patients with positive virological response and low HBsAg level after NAs treatment are more likely to achieve HBsAg clearance when switched to IFNα treatment. Prior HBeAg seroconversion and on-treatment HBsAg dynamics are useful in predicting and guiding IFNα sequential therapy.

Common clinical types and management of secondary glaucoma after ocular trauma / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

?Ocular trauma related glaucoma is one of secondary glaucoma, which can lead to serious visual loss. According to the complex clinical findings and pathogenesis of ocular trauma related glaucoma, we divide traumatic secondary glaucoma into hyphema related glaucoma, angle recession related, lens injury related, adhesion and proliferation related. The treatment of secondary traumatic glaucoma with ocular trauma were different, specific treatment measures should be given according to the specific case to protect visual function.

Construction of a lentivirus vector containing Pax6 and its transfection of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Pax6 gene plays an important role in eye development and differentiation, and to study how it regulates the differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s (BMSCs), gaining the BMSCs stably over-expressing Pax6 is crucial, which is also the basis of stem cel replacement therapy. OBJECTIVE:To construct a lentivirus vector containing Pax6 and detect the expression of Pax6 in transfected human BMSCs. METHODS:Pax6 gene was extracted using PCR. After its connection with lentivirus vector pHIV-EGFP, it was then packaged by 293T cel s. The human BMSCs were transfected with recombinant lentivirus Pax6-EGFP as wel as lentivirus vector pHIV-EGFP, which was considered negative control group. The cel ular morphology was observed by a fluorescence microscope, and the mRNA expression of Pax6 was detected by real-time PCR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The recombinant lentivirus Pax6-EGFP was constructed successful y with a titer of 3×109 pfu/L. After the transfection, both the green fluorescent protein and Pax6 gene were expressed detected using fluorescence microscope and real-time PCR, showing that the method of lentiviral transfection is a safe and effective way to modify BMSCs.