ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Adherence to pharmacological treatment (APT) is crucial for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to achieve metabolic control and decrease complications. AIM: To establish the proportion of APT in patients with T2DM, the influence of the same on blood glucose, and the factors involved in a lack of ATP. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Diabetic patients were interrogated about sociodemographic factors, the evolution of the disease, their fasting blood glucose levels, and the use of other treatments. APT was evaluated with the Morisky-Green questionnaire, patient beliefs about treatments with the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ), and patient knowledge about T2DM with the standard questionnaire. RESULTS: A representative sample of 400 individuals of both sexes was studied, finding a lack of APT in 74.5% of patients. The latter patients showed a significantly greater level of blood glucose while being more preoccupied and less informed about the disease. A lack of APT was associated with the refusal to undergo the blood glucose test among men (Odds ratio (OR)=3.70; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 1.58-8.66) and with the consumption of medicinal plants among women (OR=2.53; IC 95%, 1.23-5.23). CONCLUSIONS: A lack of APT in patients with T2DM is a serious problem and associated with a lack of knowledge about the disease. It is urgent to strengthen the educational programs in relation to T2DM to promote adherence to treatment.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Blood Glucose/metabolism , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
In lupus enteritis, circulating pathological immune complexes and thrombosis of intestinal vessels may occur, resulting in acute abdominal pain. We report a 24-year-old woman without a history of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), admitted for abdominal pain. An exploratory laparotomy found an appendicitis along with ascites. An appendectomy was performed, and the patient was discharged from the hospital two days later. Three days after discharge, the patient was admitted to another hospital due to the persistence of abdominal pain. An abdominal computed tomography scan showed diffuse mesenteric congestion, concentric bowel loops (double halo or target sign) and the presence of free fluid in the peritoneal cavity. Suspecting a rheumatic disorder, the diagnosis of SLE was confirmed by immunological studies. The patient was treated with pulses of methylprednisolone with good results.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Young Adult , Enteritis/diagnosis , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/diagnosis , Appendicitis/diagnosis , Methylprednisolone/therapeutic use , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Abdominal Pain/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Enteritis/drug therapy , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/drug therapyABSTRACT
Objetivo: Determinar la seroprevalencia del antígeno de superficie del virus de la hepatitis B (HBsAg) en diversos grupos de la población de la ciudad de Durango, México. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional y comparativo en seis grupos de población en un total de 775 personas adultas en la ciudad de Durango, México. Los grupos estudiados fueron 141 sexoservidoras registradas, 100 estudiantes de medicina, 150 donadores de sangre, 104 solicitantes de certificados médicos, 100 mujeres embarazadas, y 180 adictos a drogas. Se analizó el suero de los participantes para detectar el HBsAg mediante ensayo inmunoenzimático. La confirmación del HBsAg se realizó mediante prueba de neutralización. Resultados: De 775 personas, 13 (1.7%) fueron positivas al ensayo inmunoenzimático y solo una (0.1%) resultó positiva a la prueba confirmatoria. Este caso confirmado fue un adicto a drogas con antecedentes de cirugía y viajes nacionales y al extranjero. Conclusiones: La seroprevalencia de HBsAg en diversos grupos de la población de la ciudad de Durango, México, es baja, es comparable o más baja a las informadas en otras ciudades de México. Se recomienda realizar la prueba confirmatoria del HBsAg por la baja especificidad del ensayo inmunoenzimático.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in several groups of populations in Durango City, Mexico. METHODS: An observational and comparative study was conducted in 6 groups of population in a total of 775 persons in Durango City, Mexico. The groups studied were 141 registered female sex workers, 100 medical students, 150 blood donors, 104 persons applying for medical certificates, 100 pregnant women, and 180 drug addicts. Serum samples of participants were analyzed for HBsAg by an immunoassay. HBsAg confirmation was performed by neutralization assay. RESULTS: Out of the 775 participants, 13 (1.7%) were positive by the immunoassay, and only 1 (0.1%) resulted positive by the confirmatory assay. This positive case was a drug addict and had a history of surgery and national and international trips. CONCLUSIONS: The seroprevalence of HBsAg in several groups of population in Durango City is low; the seroprevalence is comparable to or lower than those informed in other Mexican cities. It is strongly recommended to perform the HBsAg confirmation test due to low specificity of the immunoassay.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/blood , Hepatitis B/blood , Hepatitis B/epidemiology , Mexico , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Urban PopulationABSTRACT
We sought to determine the frequency of serological markers of selected infections in a population of psychiatric patients in Durango City, Mexico, and to determine whether there are any epidemiological characteristics of the subjects associated with the infections. One hundred and five inpatients of a public psychiatric hospital of Durango were examined for HBsAg, anti-HCV antibodies, anti-HIV antibodies, anti-Brucella antibodies, rapid plasma reagin and anti-Cysticercus antibodies by commercially available assays. Anti-Cysticercus antibodies were confirmed by Western blot and HBsAg by neutralization assay. Epidemiological data from each participant were also obtained. Seroprevalences of HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HIV, anti-Brucella, rapid plasma reagin and anti-Cysticercus antibodies found were 0.0 percent, 4.8 percent, 0.9 percent, 0.0 percent, 1.9 percent, and 0.9 percent, respectively. Overall, 9 (8.6 percent) inpatients showed seropositivity to any infection marker. We concluded that our psychiatric inpatients have serological evidence of a number of infections. HCV is an important pathogen among our psychiatric inpatients. Health care strategies for prevention and control of infections in Mexican psychiatric patients should be considered.
Procuramos determinar a frequência de marcadores sorológicos de infecções em pacientes psiquiátricos da cidade de Durango, México e determinar se existem características epidemiológicas dos pacientes que podem ser associados a estas infecções. Cento e cinco pacientes internados neste hospital psiquiátrico de Durango foram examinados para HBsAg, anticorpos anti-HCV, anticorpos anti-HIV, anticorpos anti-Brucella, reaginas plasmáticos imediatas e anticorpos anti-Cysticercus por testes comerciais. Os anticorpos anti-Cysticercus foram confirmadoss por Western Blot e o HbsAg por testes de neutralização. Dados epidemiológicos de cada participante foram também obtidos. Soroprevalências encontradas de HbsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HIV, anti-Brucella, reagina plasmática imediata e anticorpos anti-Cysticercus foram respectivamente 0,0 por cento, 4,8 por cento, 0,9 por cento, 0,0 por cento, 1,9 por cento e 0,9 por cento. No conjunto, 9 (8,6 por cento) de pacientes internados mostraram soropositividade para marcador infeccioso. Concluímos que nossos pacientes psiquiátricos internados têm evidência sorológica de infecções. HCV é um patógeno importante entre os pacientes psiquiátricos internados. Estratégias de saúde pública para prevenção e controle de infecções em pacientes psiquiátricos do México devem ser consideradas.