ABSTRACT
El ácido hipocloroso (HOCl) es un potente antimicrobiano no antibiótico utilizado en medicina clínica para el control de infecciones y reparación de heridas. In vivo el HOCl es sintetizado por células del sistema inmune para el control del agente patógeno durante la fagocitosis y ha sido sintetizado y estabilizado en el laboratorio con potenciales aplicaciones profilácticas y terapéuticas en medicina humana. El efecto antimicrobiano, antinflamatorio y en la proliferación celular lo hacen una sustancia que debe ser más evaluada para uso clínico en otras áreas de salud. Existe un interés en el desarrollo de nuevas sustancias antimicrobianas de uso tópico en odontología para el control del biofilm dental, la inflamación gingival y para la cicatrización de heridas de la mucosa oral. Se presenta una revisión de la literatura de los principales efectos del HOCl que sustentan su investigación y uso en odontología.
Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is a powerful non antibiotic antimicrobial solution used in clinical medicine for infection control and wound healing. In vivo HOCl is produced by cells of the immune system to control the pathogen during phagocytosis and has been synthesized and stabilized in the laboratory with potential prophylactic and therapeutic applications in human medicine. The antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and cell proliferation effect make it a substance to be evaluated in other health areas. There is interest to development of new antimicrobial substances for use in oral health for the control of dental biofilm, gingival inflammation and wound healing of the oral mucosa. A review of the literature of the main effects of HOCl that support its research and use in dentistry is presented.
Subject(s)
Humans , Hypochlorous Acid/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Wound Healing/drug effects , Hypochlorous Acid/administration & dosage , Dental Plaque/drug therapy , Dentistry , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosageABSTRACT
Abstract: This study investigated the effect of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) rinses and chlorhexidine (CHX) on the bacterial viability of S. mutans, A. israelii, P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans, E. corrodens, C. rectus, K. oxytoca, K. pneumoniae and E. cloacae. The percentage of live bacteria was tested by fluorescence method using Live/Dead kit(r) and BacLight (Molecular Probes(r)) and compared between groups by the Kruskal-Wallis and U Mann-Whitney tests with Bonferroni correction (p value<0.012). The effect of HOCl and CHX on total proteins of P. gingivalis and S. mutans was determined by SDS-PAGE. CHX showed a higher efficacy than HOCl against S. mutans, A. israelii, E. corrodens and E. cloacae (p<0.001) while HOCl was more effective than CHX against P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans, C. rectus and K. oxytoca (p=0.001). CHX and HOCl had similar efficacy against K. pneumoniae. Proteins of P. gingivalis and S. mutans were affected similarly by HOCl and CHX. HOCl reduced the bacterial viability especially in periodontopathic bacteria, which may support its use in the control of subgingival biofilm in periodontal patients.
Resumo: Este estudo investigou o efeito de enxaguantes à base de ácido hipocloroso (HOCl) e clorexidina (CHX) sobre a viabilidade bacteriana de S. mutans, A. israelii, P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans, E. corrodens, C. rectus, K. oxytoca, K. pneumoniae e E. cloacae. O percentual de bactérias sobreviventes foi testado pelo método de fluorescência utilizando Live/Dead kit(r) e BacLight (Molecular Probes(r)), fazendo comparação entre os grupos com os testes de Kruskal-Wallis e U Mann-Whitney e correção de Bonferroni (p<0,012). O efeito de HOCl e CHX sobre P. gingivalis e S. mutans foi determinado por SDS-PAGE. O CHX mostrou eficácia superior ao HOCl contra S. mutans, A. israelii, E. corrodens e E. cloacae (p<0,001), ao passo que P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans, C. rectus e K. oxytoca foram melhores que o CHX para o HOCl (p=0,001). O K. pneumoniae teve efeito similar para o CHX e para o HOCl. As proteínas de P. gingivalis e S. mutans foram afetadas de modo semelhante por CHX e HOCl. O HOCl reduziu a viabilidade bacterial, especialmente nas bactérias periodontopáticas, o que pode recomendar o uso no controle do biofilme subgingival em pacientes periodentais.