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1.
São José dos Campos; s.n; 2024. 86 p. ilus, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1577843

ABSTRACT

A utilização indiscriminada de cigarros eletrônicos (e-cigs) já representa um problema de saúde pública mundial e pouco se sabe quanto aos efeitos de seu uso sobre a saúde bucal. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do uso do e-cig na saliva e na mucosa bucal de seus usuários. Foram formados dois grupos: Grupo Cigarro Eletrônico (GE) - 25 usuários regulares e exclusivos de e-cig; Grupo controle (GC) - 25 indivíduos não-fumantes, pareados em sexo e idade ao GE. A saliva não estimulada foi coletada para avaliar o metaboloma e o biofilme microcosmos. Em seguida, esfregaços foram coletados da borda lateral esquerda da língua para a avaliação dos genes IL1B, CXCL8, TNF, KRT1, KRT13, KRT19, TP16, TP21 e TP53, por meio de RT-qPCR. Os dados receberam tratamento estatístico de acordo com teste de Mann-Whitney. A análise discriminante por mínimos quadrados parciais (PLSDA), Heatmap e a análise biomarcadores foram realizados para o metaboloma. Um total de 101 metabólitos foram considerados na análise do metaboloma salivar. O perfil salivar do GE diferiu do GC, evidenciando 10 metabólitos distintos: isoleucina, ácido 2-hidroxiglutárico, ácido 3-fenilláctico, ácido linoleico, ácido 3- hidroxibutirico, 1,6 ­ anidroglucose, ácido glucurônico, valina, ácido esteárico, ácido elaídico. A análise do biofilme microcosmos do GE revelou uma atividade metabólica média aumentada em comparação ao GC. No entanto, nenhuma diferença foi observada entre os grupos quanto à biomassa e à quantificação dos carboidratos salivares. Além disso, o GE apresentou um aumento significativo na contagem total de microrganismos, incluindo Streptococcus mutans e leveduras do gênero Candida. Em contraste, houve uma redução na contagem de Lactobacillus spp. Por fim, no GE, todos os genes encontravam-se regulados negativamente, com exceção do TP53. Frente aos resultados obtidos, conclui-se que o uso de e-cig impacta diretamente o perfil do metaboloma salivar, promove a disbiose da microbiota bucal, favorecendo o aumento de microrganismos cariogênicos e leveduras. Além disso, causa regulação negativa da expressão de genes relacionados a processos de inflamação e queratinização, e positiva do gene de reparo TP53 (AU)


The indiscriminate use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) has already become a global public health concern, with limited knowledge about their impact on oral health. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of e-cig use on the saliva and oral mucosa of its users. Two groups were formed: Electronic Cigarette Group (EG) - consisting of 25 regular and exclusive e-cig users, and the Control Group (CG) - consisting of 25 nonsmokers, matched by sex and age to the EG. Unstimulated saliva was collected to evaluate the metabolome and microcosm biofilm. Subsequently, smears were collected from the left lateral border of the tongue for the of gene expression evaluation of IL1B, CXCL8, TNF, KRT1, KRT13, KRT19, TP16, TP21 and TP53, using RT-qPCR. The data were statistically analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), Heatmap and biomarkers analysis were performed for the metabolome. A total of 101 metabolites were considered in the salivary metabolome analysis. The salivary profile of EG differed from that of CG, highlighting 10 distinct metabolites: isoleucine, 2-hydroxyglutaric acid, 3-phenyllactic acid, linoleic acid, 3 hydroxybutyric acid, 1,6-anhydroglucose, glucuronic acid, valine, stearic acid and elaidic acid. The analysis of the EG microcosm biofilm revealed an increased mean metabolite activity compared to CG. However, no differences were observed between the groups regarding biomass and the quantification of salivary carbohydrates. Furthermore, the EG exhibited a significant increase in the overall count of microorganisms, including Streptococcus mutans and Candida yeasts. Conversely, the Count of Lactobacillus spp, decreased. Finally, in the EG, all genes were downregulated compared to the CG, except for TP53. Based on the obtained results, it is concluded that the e-cig use directly impacts the salivary metabolome profile, promotes dysbiosis of the oral microbiota, and favors the increase of cariogenic microorganisms and yeasts. Additionally, it causes downregulation of gene expression related to inflammation and keratinization processes, and upregulation of the repair gene TP53.(AU)


Subject(s)
Saliva , Gene Expression , Diagnosis, Oral , Metabolome , Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems , Cell Biology , Inflammation , Mouth Mucosa
2.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.);24(12): 4499-4508, dez. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1055759

ABSTRACT

Abstract Recent crisis and conflicts in African countries, the Middle East and the Americas have led to forced population migration and rekindled concern about food security. This article aims to map in the scientific literature the implications of forced migration on food and nutrition of refugees. Scoping Review, and database search: databases: PubMed Central, LILACS, SciElo, Science Direct and MEDLINE. Languages used in the survey were: English, Portuguese and Spanish, with publication year from 2013 to 2018. 173 articles were obtained and after removing of duplicates and full reading, 26 articles were selected and submitted to critical reading by two reviewers, resulting in 18 articles selected. From the analysis of the resulting articles, the following categories emerged: Food Inequity; Cultural Adaptation and Nutrition; Emerging Diseases and Strategies for the Promotion of Nutritional Health. Food insecurity is a marked consequence of forced international migration, and constitutes an emerging global public health problem, since concomitant with increasing population displacements also widens the range of chronic and nutritional diseases.


Resumo As recentes crises e conflitos em países Africanos, no Oriente Médio e Américas têm originado migração forçada de populações e reacende a preocupação com os cuidados com a alimentação. O objetivo deste artigo é mapear na literatura científica as implicações da migração forçada sobre a alimentação e nutrição de refugiados. Scoping Review, com buscas nas bases de dados: bases de dados: PubMed Central, LILACS, SciElo, Science Direct e MEDLINE. Os idiomas de pesquisa foram: Inglês, Português e Espanhol, e ano de publicação compreendido entre 2013 e 2018. Obteve-se 173 artigos e após remoção dos duplicados e leitura integral, 26 artigos foram selecionados e submetidos à leitura crítica por dois revisores independentes, resultando em 18 artigos selecionados. Da análise dos resultados dos artigos, emergiram as categorias: Iniquidade Alimentar; Adaptação Cultural e Nutrição; Doenças Emergentes e Estratégias de Promoção da Saúde Nutricional. A insegurança alimentar é consequência marcante da imigração internacional forçada, e se constitui um emergente problema de saúde pública global, pois concomitante aos crescentes deslocamentos populacionais também se ampliam a gama de doenças crônicas e nutricionais.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pregnancy , Child , Nutritional Status , Emigration and Immigration/trends , Food Supply , Acculturation , Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic/etiology , Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic/epidemiology , Refugees , Health Promotion/methods , Nutrition Disorders/epidemiology
3.
Autops. Case Rep ; 7(1): 37-41, Jan.-Mar. 2017. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-905131

ABSTRACT

Small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) is an uncommon tumor characterized by an aggressive behavior with early metastasis, usually to the contralateral lung, liver, brain, and bones. There are only five cases of this particular tumor metastasizing to the oral cavity described in the English literature. We present the case of metastatic SCLC in the mandible with radiographic findings resembling a residual cyst. A 66-year-old man with previous diagnosis and treatment for a SCLC was referred to the Stomatology Department with a history of persistent pain in the mandible 1 year after the inferior right pre-molar tooth extraction. The radiographic exam showed a well-delimited radiolucent area on that extracted tooth's region resembling a residual cyst. Biopsy was performed yielding the diagnosis of metastatic SCLC. The patient was referred to the clinical oncologist for chemotherapy. Although uncommon, this tumor should be included in the differential diagnosis of jawbone lesions, particularly when the patient presents a previous diagnosis of SCLC.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Carcinoma, Small Cell/diagnostic imaging , Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy , Cysts/etiology , Diagnosis, Differential , Mandible/pathology , Pain/etiology
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