ABSTRACT
Objective@#To explore the effect of the comprehensive intervention on overweight and obesity among middle school students at the population level (health education lecture and official account push) and individual level (personalized dietary guidance), so as to provide a reference for preventing and controlling their overweight and obesity.@*Methods@#Three junior high schools and three senior high schools were randomly selected in Guangzhou in 2018 by convenience sampling. Through physical examination, 1 457 overweight and obese students aged from 12 to 18 years old were screened. Intervention was administered through "Student Personalized Dietary Guidance" manual, health tweets on the official accounts, and health education lectures from September 2018 to December 2019. The Chi square test was used to compare the difference in overweight and obesity constituent ratio between the two groups before and after the intervention. And intervention effect was evaluated by analyzing the number needed to treated(NTT).@*Results@#The proportion of overweight before the intervention was 66.71% (972/1 457), and decreased to 59.92% (873/1 457) after the intervention; the proportion of obesity before the intervention was 33.29% (485/1 457), which decreased to 26.63% (388/1 457) after the intervention. Among obese students, the smallest NNT was seen in the girl group aged 12-13 years (NNT=2.6, 95% CI =1.9-4.1), while the largest NNT in the boy group aged 14-18 years (NNT=5.9, 95% CI =4.7-8.1). The NNT of the girls aged 12-13 years was the smallest (NNT=2.7, 95% CI =2.2-3.5), and the NNT of the boys aged 14-18 years was the largest (NNT=7.4, 95% CI =6.0-9.7).@*Conclusion@#Health education at population level (health education lectures, official account push) with individual level (personalized dietary guidance) can effectively intervene overweight and obesity among middle school students in Guangzhou.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the characteristics of noise hazards in automobile sand casting industry and understand the impact of noise on the health of automobile foundry workers, and to provide scientific data support for the control of noise hazards. Methods An automobile sand casting enterprise was selected as the research object. The post noise intensity test results from 2010 to 2019, the noise spectrum test results of each post in 2019, and the prevalence of occupational noise deafness in the 10 years from 2010 to 2019 were analyzed and sorted out. Using chi-square test and t-test the noise hazard characteristics and noise intensity changes were statistically analyzed. Results 1. The noise LEX.8h exceeding standard rate of foundry enterprises in the 10 years from 2010 to 2019 was not statistically significant（χ2=6.76, P=0.66), and the mean value of noise LEX.8h fluctuated horizontally in the 10 years, which was basically stable between 80 - 90 dB (A). 2. The mean value of noise intensity of sand falling, sand preparation, cleaning and shot blasting in the first five years was significantly different compared to that in the last five years. There was no statistically significant difference in other posts. 3. Among all posts in the foundry sand casting industry, the noise spectrum of core-making and cleaning posts was mainly medium and high frequency, while the noise spectrum of other posts was mainly medium and low frequency. 4, Cases of occupational noise deafness were mainly concentrated in cleaning and polishing workers, melting chemical workers, inspectors and other types of workers. Conclusions The noise hazards in the automobile foundry sand casting industry are mainly concentrated on the posts of molding, and sand falling, and the noise intensity and the over standard rate remain high in the past 10 years. The noise of each post is mainly medium and low frequency, and the noise of a few individual posts is mainly medium and high frequency. In recent years, due to the automatic renewal of equipment, the noise intensity of some posts such as sand dropping, sand mixing, cleaning and shot blasting has decreased, but the overall noise exceeding standard rate has basically not changed, and the noise hazard is still serious. The noise hazard of foundry sand casting enterprises is difficult to be controlled, and the risk of hearing loss of foundry workers is still high.
ABSTRACT
So far, researchers have found more than one hundred different kinds of chemical modifications on RNA. Most of these modifications are distributed on high abundant non-coding RNAs and are important for maintaining the functions of these non-coding RNAs. In recent years, thanks to the application of high-resolution mass spectrometry and the development of whole-transcriptome sequencing technologies, more and more modifications on mRNA have been discovered, and accurately mapped and localized, including N
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE@#Evidence suggests that the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) gene may be involved in the psychopathology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study aimed to investigate the effects of OXTR rs53576 genotype on PTSD symptoms introduced in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fifth Edition (DSM-5).@*METHODS@#This study was a cross-sectional study conducted among 1140 adults who had personally experienced the Wenchuan earthquake. PTSD symptoms were measured with the PTSD checklist for DSM-5. A custom-by-design 2 × 48-Plex SNPscan@*RESULTS@#The results revealed that the rs53576 genotype could significantly predict PTSD symptoms (β = 0.055, p = 0.045). Further analysis showed that the rs53576 genotype was only significantly associated with dysphoric arousal symptoms of PTSD (β = 0.080, p = 0.005). The rs53576 genotype × earthquake exposure interaction had no significant effect on different symptom clusters (p > 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#This study showed that the rs53576 genotype was only associated with the dysphoric arousal symptoms but not with other symptom clusters of PTSD. These findings support the role of the OXTR on the psychopathology of PTSD and help us to understand the genetic basis of PTSD.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To observe the effects of ultrashort wave (USW) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced acute lung injury (ALI) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) signaling pathway in rats. Methods:Twenty-four three-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group (n = 8), ALI group (n = 8) and USW group (n = 8). The ALI and USW groups were instilled with LPS to induce ALI, and the USW group was treated with ultrashort wave 0, four and eight hours after instillation, 15 minutes a time. Twenty-four hours after instillation, the lung tissue of the rats was measured the wet/dry mass ratio (W/D), and observed under HE staining. Serum levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 were detected with ELISA. The mRNA and protein expression of NLRP3, caspase-1 and IL-1β in the lung tissue were detected with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively. Results:W/D increased in ALI group compared with that of the control group (P < 0.05), and it decreased in USW group without significance compared with that of ALI group (P > 0.05). Lung injury score increased in ALI group compared with that of the control group (P < 0.05), and it decreased in USW group compared with that of ALI group (P < 0.05); as well as the serum IL-1β and IL-18, and mRNA and protein expression of NLRP3, caspase-1 and IL-1β. Conclusion:USW can alleviate the inflammatory of acute lung injury, which may associate with inhibiting of NLRP3 signaling pathway.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To analyze the change rule of main chemical components in Asarum heterotropoidesvar.mandshuricum seedling during the growing process.Method:Whole seedling samples (one week and two weeks) and the mature plant (three months) of A.heterotropoidesvar.mandshuricum were collected and every sample was divided to aerial part (stems and leaves) and underground part (roots).The secondary metabolites were qualitatively identified by HPLC-TOF-MS and the quantitative identification was carried out at the same time with asarinin as index component.Result: A total of 6 known compounds were identified from the underground part of A.heterotropoidesvar.mandshuricum as α-asarone (1),N-isobutyl-2,4,8,10-dodecatetraenamide (2),9-methoxyaristolactam Ⅳ(3),asarinin (4),caulesnarinside (6) and chalcononaringenin 2',4'-di-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7),respectively,the peak area values showed that the contents of these compounds increased gradually with the growth time.A total of 4 known compounds were identified from the aerial part of this herb as N-isobutyl-2,4,8,10-dodecatetraenamide (2),caulesauroneside (5),caulesnarinside (6) or chalcononaringenin 2',4'-di-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7) and peonidin 3-caffeoylgentiobioside (8).Asarinin was identified only in the underground part of mature plant,its content was 155.4 μg·g-1.Conclusion: The species and contents of secondary metabolites are quite different in the aerial and underground parts of A.heterotropoidesvar.mandshuricum.At different growth stages of A.heterotropoides var.mandshuricum seedling,the types and contents of secondary metabolites in the same site are also different,while the contents of main components show an increasing trend with the growth time.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effects of anesthesia on neurodevelopment of preschool children. Methods A total of 445 children, scheduled to undergo surgery in the Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from 1st May 2017 to 1st May 2018, were enrolled and, according to different test purpose, grouped as follows: (1) 120 children (GA group) who underwent surgery before Denver Developmental Screening Test (DDST) were matched to 325 unexposed children (Non-GA group). Meanwhile, 168 children (Naive group) were measured as blank control. (2) According to the number of anesthesia that children had undergone, those in GA group were assigned to three subgroups: single, twice and multiple groups. (3) Subgroup analyses was performed based on the time of cumulative duration of anesthesia exposures (less than 3 and greater than or equal to 3h). Data were collected with a questionnaire to evaluate the children's physical development, DDST results were recorded, and the effects were evaluated of the number of anesthesia and the time of cumulative duration of anesthesia exposures on the DDST results. Results For the children aged 0 to 6 yr, the DDST positive rates in Naive, Non-GA and GA groups were 6.0%, 6.5% and 12.5%, respectively. No significant difference existed in DDST positive rate between Naive group and Non-GA group (P=0.825). Compared with Non-GA group, the DDST positive rate increased in GA group (6.5% vs. 12.5%) with significant difference (P=0.038). Compared among the four domains of DDST separately, statistical difference was found only in terms of personal-social, those in GA group showed poor performance than in Non-GA group (P=0.025). For the children aged less than 3 yr, the DDST positive rates in GA group and Non-GA group were 18.6% and 3.9%, respectively, showing significant differences (P=0.019), but no statistical difference was found on DDST positive rate among the three groups of children aged 3 to 6 yr (P>0.05). In GA group, there was no increase in odds of early developmental vulnerability with increasing frequency of anesthesia exposure (P=0.784). However, the DDST positive rate was significantly higher with longer cumulative duration of anesthesia exposure (≥3h) than that of <3h (18.7% vs. 2.2%, P=0.008). Conclusions Exposure to anesthesia is an increased risk for the later neurodevelopment of preschool children, especially before 3 years old. The time of cumulative duration of anesthesia may be positively correlated to the children's neurodevelopment disabilities.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of using 8-hydroxy-2'deoxyguanosine(8-OHdG) in blood and urine samples as biomarkers for the evaluation of human DNA oxidative damage caused by diesel exhaust(DE). METHODS: A convenient sampling method was used to select 56 male workers exposed to DE in a car manufacturing factory as exposure group, and 52 male workers without exposure to DE were selected as the control group.Urine samples and blood samples were collected from workers in the 2 groups 8 hours after work, and the levels of 8-OHdG in urine and plasma were measured by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometer. RESULTS: The median level of urinary 8-OHdG in the exposure group was higher than that of control group(2.54 vs 2.03 μg/g Cr, P<0.05). The median levels of plasma 8-OHdG in the exposure group and control group showed no statistical significance(32.20 vs 31.40 ng/L, P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The urinary 8-OHdG can be used as a biomarker for evaluating the oxidative damage induced by DE exposure.
ABSTRACT
Objective To detect the serum levels of calpainin (S100A11) using nanomagicbeabs sorting-time resolved fluoroimmuno assay (NMBS-TRFIA) and evaluate its diagnostic value in pancreatic carcinoma.Methods 88 patients with pancreatic carcinoma,50 patients with acute pancreatitis,10 patients with pancreatic cyst and 20 healthy controls were selected as the study subjects.The human peripheral serum blood was sorted with S100A11 antibody coupled nanomagicbeabs,and the concentration of S100A11 was detected by TRFIA method.The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) was used to determine the cut-off level for diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma,in order to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma.Results S100A11 showed a linear relationship within the range of 6.08～ 500 ng/ml using NMBS-TRFIA method,intraassay CV≤6.35％,inter-assay CV≤7.12％,and the average recovery rate was 104.7％.The serum levels of S100A11 in patients with pancreatic carcinoma,patients with acute pancreatitis and patients with pancreatic cyst were 185.53 ± 161.19,106.06±113.83 and 68.99± 47.83 ng/ml respectively.Compared with the normal control group (37.98±25.14 ng/ml),the differences were statistically significant (t=-8.065,-3.375,-2.266,all P ＜0.01).The serum levels of S100A11 in patients with pancreatic carcinoma was significantly higher than those in patients with acute pancreatitis and patients with pancreatic cyst (all P＜0.05).According to the ROC curve,ROCAUC=0.985 (95％ CI:0.972 ～ 0.997),the best cut-off level for the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma was 89.5 ng/ml (sensitivity 81.8 ％,specificity 67.5 ％).Conclusion NMBS-TRFIA can enrich S100A11 in serum and improve the detection sensitivity of serum S100A11,and the method is simple and easy to be popularized.Serum S100A11 has a high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma,and is a new serum marker for the diagnosis of early pancreatic carcinoma.
ABSTRACT
Brucella is a facultative intracellular pathogen that causes infection in domestic animal and humans,mainly parasitizing in cells and macrophages of hosts.Brucella can lead to abortion and sterility in animals.Meanwhile,it also causes arthralgia,weakness,undulat fever,hepatosplenomegaly and other symptoms in humans.Brucella relies on immune escape mechanism in the confrontation with the host.It can help Brucella "camouflage" to evade the identification of the immune system of the hosts and replicate within cells to persist to establish a long-term infection in the host.As a result of the existence of this mechanism,the treatment of Brucella infection is quite difficult.Type Ⅳ secretion system (T4SS) is a key virulence factor and it is essential for Brucella to survive in host cells.The effector proteins secreted by T4SS can help regulate the immune response against Brucella.In this article,we reviewed the studies on related proteins of the type Ⅳ secretion system of Brucella and its immune response,especially the relationship between the secretions of effector proteins mediated by VirB operon and immunity of the host.