Correlations between ultrasonographic and subsequent radiographic findings of developmental dysplasia of the hips

Purpose@#The study aimed to investigate the utility of ultrasonographic (US) findings in predicting the subsequent radiographic parameters of developmental dysplasia of the hips. @*Methods@#In this 12-year retrospective cohort study, all new-born infants with a positive clinical examination or risk factors were included. They were scheduled for hip ultrasonography in the first 3 months, and subsequent radiographs at 1 year of life. The US images were evaluated using the Graf classification, Harcke’s dynamic screening method, and Terjesen’s femoral head coverage method. The radiographic images were evaluated using the acetabular index and femoral head position. The overall US or radiographic findings were considered abnormal if they were classified as abnormal for any of their respective parameters. The overall US and radiographic parameters were correlated. @*Results@#A total of 160 patients were included. The overall US and radiographic parameters showed no statistically significant difference (P=0.050). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the overall US parameters were 57.1%, 84.9%, and 81.3%, respectively. All three individual US parameters showed no statistically significant differences, with the overall radiographic findings and acetabular index (P>0.05). However, they showed a statistically significant difference, with the position of the femoral head (P<0.001), with the US parameters having an excellent negative predictive value of 100% for identifying an abnormal femoral head position. @*Conclusion@#The current study suggests that US findings evaluated in the first 3 months of life showed no statistically significant difference with radiographic findings evaluated at 1 year of life. The US parameters showed an excellent negative predictive value for abnormal femoral head position on radiographs.

Analysis of thrombin-antithrombin complex expressions in the plasma and the hematoma fluid of intracerebral hemorrhage patients of excess syndrome of stroke and depletion syndrome of stroke / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the relationship between the expressions of thrombin-antithrombin (TAT) complex and excess syndrome of stroke (ESS) and depletion syndrome of stroke (DSS) by dynamically observing the expressions of TAT complex in the plasma and hematoma fluid of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty patients were assigned to three groups according to syndrome typing, i.e., as yang excess group (18 cases), yin excess group (22 cases), and depletion syndrome group (20 cases). The hemorrhage volume was assessed. NIHSS and GCS were scored. Besides, 30 healthy volunteers at the Physical Examination Center, Second People's Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were recruited as the normal control group. Another 10 patients in need of lumbal anesthesia were recruited as the cerebrospinal fluid control group, who suffered from surgical, gynecologic pelvic diseases, or diseases from lower limbs, but unaccompanied with cardio-/cerebrovascular diseases. The expressions of TAT complex were detected in the venous blood and hematoma fluid of the patient groups and in the venous blood or the cerebrospinal fluid of the control group using ELISA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The syndromes were sequenced as the depletion syndrome > the yin excess syndrome > the yang excess syndrome according to the hemorrhage volume and NIHSS score. They were sequenced as the yang excess syndrome > the yin excess syndrome >the depletion syndrome according to the GCS score. The plasma TAT complex content on the 4th day in the ICH group was lower than that at the rest time points, showing statistical significance (P<0.01). Compared with the normal control group, the plasma TAT complex on the 1st, 2nd, and 4th day all increased with statistical difference (P<0.01). Statistical significance of the TAT complex in the hematoma fluid of the ICH group existed when compared it on the 1st, 2nd, and 4th day (P<0.01). Compared with the cerebrospinal fluid control group, the contents of the TAT complex in the hematoma fluid of the ICH group increased with statistical difference (P<0.01). The hemorrhage volume of ICH patients was positively correlated with NIHSS (r=0.809, P<0.01) and negatively correlated with GCS (r=-0.833, P<0.01). The TAT complex was obviously higher in the ICH group than in the two control groups in a dynamic way (P<0.01). There was obvious difference in the expressions of TAT among yang excess group, yin excess group, and depletion syndrome group (P<0.01). The expressions of TAT in the plasma and the hematoma fluid of the ICH group were negatively correlated with GCS score and positively correlated with NIHSS score (both P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>TAT complex participated in secondary neuron injury after ICH, which could be taken as an objective index for clinical observation. It also could provide evidence for syndrome quantification of excess syndrome and depletion syndrome.</p>

Antiapoptotic Interventions in Intracerebrai Hemorrhage / 国际脑血管病杂志

Tne secondary injury may occur in the perihematomal tissue after intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH).Studies have suggested that apoptosis palys an important role in the secondary injury after intracerebral hemorrhage.1he inhibition of apoptosis may significantly improve the neurological deficit after ICH.