ABSTRACT
Purpose: To compare the density of iris collagen and anterior segment parameters in eyes with chronic primary angle closure glaucoma (CPACG) and their fellow eyes with confirmed or suspected primary angle closure (PAC/PACS). Methods: Nineteen patients with CPACG in one eye and PAC/PACS in the fellow eye requiring trabeculectomy in the CPACG eye and iridectomy in the fellow eye were recruited. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) measurements were conducted under light and dark conditions. Iris specimens, obtained by iridectomy/trabeculectomy, were analyzed by sirius red polarization for quantifying type I/III collagen density. AS-OCT parameters and type I/III collagen densities were compared between the two eyes. Results: The iris curvatures were flatter in CPACG eyes in light and dark conditions (P < 0.05). The iris areas in light condition and iris thicknesses in dark condition were smaller in CPACG eyes (P < 0.05). The density of collagen type I in CPACG eyes was lower (P = 0.048). The light-to-dark changes in CPACG eyes and PAC/PACS eyes, respectively, were ?0.679 ± 0.701 and ?1.627 ± 0.802 mm for pupil diameters, and 0.069 ± 0.113 and 0.258 ± 0.157 mm2 for iris areas, which differed significantly (P < 0.001). With the decrease of type I collagen, anterior chamber width increased and iris areas decreased in dark condition. Conclusion: Dynamic changes in pupil diameter and iris areas differed significantly between CPACG eyes and their fellow PAC/PACS eyes. Decreased type I collagen density in iris tissue was associated with decreased iris area and increased anterior chamber width, which may contribute to disease progression.
ABSTRACT
El objetivo fue determinar las habilidades cognitivas más frecuentemente evaluadas en las pruebas escritas de final de unidad aplicadas durante el año 2013, en algunas asignaturas clínicas del Departamento de Odontología de la Universidad de Antofagasta. Se realizó un estudio de naturaleza cuantitativa, de diseño observacional, prospectivo, transversal y analítico que analizó las pruebas escritas de final de unidad en las asignaturas de periodoncia, rehabilitación, operatoria, cirugía y endodoncia en el Departamento de Odontología de la Universidad de Antofagasta. En el análisis y determinación de las habilidades cognitivas de cada pregunta participaron dos evaluadores en forma independiente. Se utilizó un protocolo de determinación de habilidades cognitivas, instrumento que fue validado por expertos. Las observaciones realizadas fueron promediadas y expresadas según frecuencias relativas (%), se utilizó software SPSS (v.22). El 95,8 % de las preguntas analizadas evaluaron habilidades cognitivas inferiores y el 4,12 % superiores. La mayor proporción de las preguntas analizadas corresponden al nivel cognitivo conocimiento (71,9 %) y la menor al de la evaluación (1,5 %). De las 5 asignaturas analizadas las que desarrollan más frecuentemente habilidades cognitivas superiores son periodoncia (12 %), endodoncia (3,3 %) y operatoria (2.1%).
The aims was to determine cognitive skills most frequently evaluated in the written tests final drive applied during 2013, in some clinicalcourses in the Department of Dentistry at the University of Antofagasta. A quantitative study of an observational, prospective, transversal and analytical which analyzed the written tests final drive in the courses of Periodontics, Rehabilitation, Operative, Surgery and Endodontics in the Department of Dentistry the University of Antofagasta. In the analysis and determination of the cognitive abilities of each question two evaluators participated independently. A protocol for determining cognitive abilities, an instrument that was validated by experts was used. The observations made by the evaluators were averaged and expressed as relative frequencies (%), was used SPSS software (v.22). 95.8 % of the questions analyzed evaluated lower cognitive abilities and 4.12 % higher. The largest proportion of the questions analyzed correspond to the cognitive and knowledge level (71.9 %) lower than the evaluation (1.5 %). Of the 5 subjects analyzed which develop most often they are Periodontology higher Cognitive Skills (12 %), Endodontics (3.3 %) and Operatoria (2.1 %).