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Objective To investigate the effect and safety of different doses of aripiprazole on hyperprolactinemia (HPL) induced by antidepressants such as Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRIs). Methods One hundred and thirty-five depressive patients with SSRIs antidepressant-induced hyperprolactinemia were randomly divided into three groups and 95 cases who finished the study were included in the study. Thirty-three cases in group 1 were treated with aripiprazole 5 mg/d, thirty-two cases in group 2 were treated with aripiprazole 10 mg/d and thirty cases in control group were treated with SSRI alone. All three groups also received cognitive behavioral therapy in addition to antidepressants for 12 weeks. Serum prolactin levels were examined before admission and 4, 8 and 12 weeks after treatment. Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), Global Assessment Function (GAF) and Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS) were used to evaluate the efficacy and adverse reactions. Results At the end of the 4, 8 and 12 weeks, the serum prolactin level in group 1 and group 2 were significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.05). At the end of 8 and 12 weeks, the HAMD scores of group 1 and 2 group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.01). At the end of 4, 8, and 12 weeks, the GAF scores of group 1 and 2 group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P< 0.01). However, there were no significant differences in prolactin levels, HAMD and GAF scores between group 1 and group 2 (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the rate of adverse reaction among the three groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Aripiprazole can reduce the hyperprolactinemia caused by SSRIs antidepressants and synergistically enhance efficacy of antidepressant.
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Objective To investigate the value of peak strain dispersion (PSD) in evaluation of synchronicity of left ventricle in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients.Methods Totally 38 MHD patients (MHD group) and 45 healthy volunteers (control group) were enrolled.Two-dimensional dynamic images,including standard apical two-chamber,longaxis and four-chamber views in 3 consecutive cardiac cycles were acquired,and the standard deviation of time-to-peak longitudinal strain,i.e.PSD,in 18 segments of left ventricle were calculated.The difference of PSD between the two groups and the correlation between PSD and other parameters were assessed.Results PSD of MHD group ([54.21 ± 11.55] ms) was larger than that of control group ([35.58±14.37]ms;t=4.653,P＜0.001).In MHD group,PSD had positive correlation with left ventricular mass index (LVMI),interventricular septum thickness at end-systolic (IVSd),left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end-diastolic (LVPWd),left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVDd),left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) and left ventricular end diastolic volume (LVEDV;r=0.461,0.466,0.498,0.472,0.414,0.498,respectively,all P＜0.05).Conclusion Left ventricular systolic synchronicity in MHD patients might be impaired in early stage,which can be quantitatively evaluated with PSD.
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Objective@#To investigate the value of longitudinal strain and peak strain dispersion in the evaluation of left ventricular longitudinal strain and longitudinal strain synchrony in essential hypertensive patients with preserved ejection fraction.@*Methods@#A total of 50 essential hypertensive patients with preserved ejection fraction were collected as hypertensive group, they were divided into left ventricular hypertrophy( LVH) group (n=29) and non left ventricular hypertrophy(NLVH) group(n=21), and 26 healthy volunteers were collected as control group, two-dimensional echocardiography was performed. Peak systolic longitudinal strain(LPS), global LPS (GLPS), time to LPS (TTPLS) and longitudinal peak strain dispersion (PSD) were determined by the offline EchoPAC 201.54 software. It can automatically obtaine the bull′s-eye map of the corresponding 18-segmental LPS and TTPLS.@*Results@#Left atrial diameter (LAD) was higher in NLVH group than that in control group(P<0.05). LAD, left ventricle end-systolic diameter(LVESD), left ventricular end diastolic diameter(LVEDD), interventricular septal thickness (IVST), left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT) were higher in the LVH group than those in the control group and NLVH group (all P<0.05), there was no significant differences in left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) among the three groups (all P>0.05). LPS and TTPLS: LPS of basal, middle, apical left ventricular segments were significantly lower and TTPLS of middle left ventricular segments were significantly longer in the LVH group than those in the control group and NLVH group (all P<0.05). LPS of middle left ventricular segments was significantly lower in the NLVH group and TTPLS of basal left ventricular segments was obviously greater in the LVH group than those in the control group (all P<0.05). PSD increased and absolute value of GLPS decreased gradually in the control group, NLVH group and LVH group(all P<0.05). There was a negative correlation between absolute value of GLPS and PSD in the hypertensive group (r=-0.61, P<0.01). Measurement of PSD had well repeatability and stability.@*Conclusions@#Longitudinal strain and PSD are promising approach to evaluate left ventricular longitudinal systolic function earlier in hypertensive patients with preserved ejection fraction. It has well repeatability and stability and it provides help for clinical diagnosis and efficacy assessment.
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Objective To evaluate the value of longitudinal peak strain ( GLS ) and peak strain dispersion ( PSD) in left ventricular myocardial synchrony and systolic function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome ( OSAS ) . Methods Seventy male patients with OSAS diagnosed by polysomnography and 26 healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study . According to AHI ,the OSAS patients were divided into three groups :mild group ,moderate group and severe group . Echocardiography was performed on the next day . The Left ventricular ejection fraction ( LVEF) ,diastolic blood pressure , systolic blood pressure ,left ventricular end-diastolic diameter ( LVDd) ,left ventricular end-systolic diameter ( LVDs) ,left atrial diameter ( LAD) ,interventricular septum thickness ( IVST ) ,left ventricular posterior wall thickness ( LVPW) ,global systolic longitudinal strain( GLS) and peak strain dispersion ( PSD) were compared among four groups . The correlation between GLS ,PSD and AHI were analyzed . Results ① Age , height ,weight ,body mass index ( BMI) ,LVEF ,diastolic blood pressure ,systolic blood pressure ,LVDd , LVDs ,LAD and LVPW were not statistically different among the OSAS mild ,moderate ,severe group and control group ( P > 0 .05) . IVST in severe groups was increased than that in control group ( P < 0 .05) . ②Compared with the control group and the mild group ,the PSD increased and the GLS decreased significantly in the moderate and severe groups ( P < 0 .05) ,and there was a statistically significant decrease in the GLS between the severe group and the moderate group ( P < 0 .05) . There was no statistical difference in other parameters among 4 groups ( P > 0 .05) . ③ Pearson correlation analysis showed that AHI was associated with GLS( r 2 = 0 .5026) and PSD( r 2 = 0 .6845) ( P < 0 .05) . Conclusions GLS and PSD can early evaluate the left ventricular myocardial synchrony and systolic function changes in patients with OSAS .
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Objective To explore the systolic function and synchronicity of left ventricle ( LV ) in patients with maintenance hemodialysis( MHD) by layer-specific strain. Methods Forty-three patients with MHD and 48 healthy controls were studied. Three consecutive cardiac cycles two-dimensional dynamic images including standard LV apical two-chamber,long-axis and four-chamber views and LV short-axis views at the levels of basal,middle and apical were acquired. A quantitative software called EchoPAC was used to analyze longitudinal strain(LS) and circumferential strain(CS) of these six dynamic images and peak strain dispersion ( PSD) was automatic computed by the software. The difference of these parameters between the two groups and the correlation between PSD and other parameters were studied. Results Parameters of global layer-specific strain: compared with the control group, global LS and CS of subendocardial,midmyocardial,epicardial and full-thickness myocardium layers were decreased in the MHD group ( P ＜0.01). Parameters of segmental layer-specific strain:LS of 3 layers and full-thickness in basal, middle,apical segments were lower in MHD group than those in control group ( P ＜0.001). CS of 3 layers and full-thickness in middle,apical segments were lower in MHD group than those in control group ( P ＜0.05). There was no significant difference in CS of 3 layers and full-thickness in basal segment between two groups( P ＞0.05). Parameters of synchronicity:PSD of MHD group was larger than that of control group ( t ＝6.094, P ＜0.001). PSD was positively correlated with longitudinal strain of full-thickness (GLS) in MHD group ( rs＝0.478, P ＝0.039). Conclusions Layer-specific strain can noninvasively and accurately quantitate left ventricular systolic function and synchronicity in patients with MHD.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the gene expression status of NB4 cells before and after arsenic sulfide treatment by cDNA microarray.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two cDNA probes were made from mRNA of untreated or arsenic sulfide treated NB4 cells. The cells were labelled with Cy3 or Cy5 fluorescence dyes individually, hybridized with cDNA microarray, and scanned for fluorescent intensity. The altered gene expression was screened through the analysis of difference in gene expression profile.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Thirty four genes related to apoptosis, cell cycle and others expressed different after the treatment of arsenic sulfide, 28/34 were up-regulated, 6/34 down-regulated.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ABC50, PNAS-2 and cyclin G(2) might take part in the process of NB4 cell apoptosis induced by arsenic sulfide.</p>