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1.
Investig. andin ; 14(25): 577-587, sept. 2012.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-647436

ABSTRACT

Introducción: staphylococcus aureus está asociado con graves enfermedadessistémicas causadas por superantígenos (toxinas pirogénicas y exfoliativas).Métodos: 100 aislamientos clínicos de S. aureus se identificaron por métodoautomatizado y PCR, la prevalencia de genes de superantígenos por PCR múltiple y las correlaciones mediante la prueba exacta de Fischer.Resultados: en 38 aislamientos se observó que la prevalencia de los genes de enterotoxinas, toxina del síndrome de choque tóxico y toxinas exfoliativas fue 44%, 7% y 4%, respectivamente. La única correlación significativa (p = 0,045) fue entre la presencia de los genes de superantígenos y los aislamientos hospitalarios.Conclusiones: existe una alta prevalencia de genes de enterotoxinas y una baja de genes de toxinas exfoliativas y del síndrome de choque tóxico en aislamientos de S. aureus en esta población. Esta es la primera investigación que presenta datosde prevalencia de superantígenos en Colombia, y proporciona nueva información para América Latina.


Subject(s)
Humans , Exfoliatins , Staphylococcus aureus , Superantigens
2.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 137(10): 1309-1314, oct. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-534037

ABSTRACT

Background: Helicobacter pylori antimicrobial resistance rates differ among countries and even between different areas of a country. In Colombia, the most commonly used antimicrobials for the treatment of H pylori infection are amoxicillin, clarithromycin and metronidazole. Aim: To determine antimicrobial susceptibility of H pylori strains isolated in Colombia. Materials and methods: Eighty eight strains of H pylori were isolated and identified by microbiological methods and confirmed with polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The detection of antimicrobial resistance to amoxicillin, clarithromycin, metronidazole and tetraclycline, was conducted by the Etest method. Mutations in the 23S rDNA, involved in resistance to clarithromycin, were detected using PCR and restriction fragment lenght polymorphism. Results: Eighty eight and 2.2 percent of the strains were resistant to metronidazole and clarithromycin, respectively. No isolate was simultaneously resistant to amoxicillin or tetracycline. The two clarithromycin resistant strains were homozygous for the A2143G mutation. No mutations were found in the remaining 86 susceptible strains. Conclusions: The high rate of metronidazole resistance in our population precludes the use of this drug for the empirical treatment of Hpylori infection.


Subject(s)
Humans , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Drug Resistance, Bacterial/genetics , Helicobacter Infections/microbiology , Helicobacter pylori/drug effects , Metronidazole/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/classification , Colombia/epidemiology , DNA, Ribosomal/drug effects , DNA, Ribosomal/genetics , Drug Resistance, Bacterial/drug effects , Helicobacter Infections/drug therapy , Helicobacter Infections/epidemiology , Helicobacter pylori/genetics , Microbial Sensitivity Tests/methods , Mutation/drug effects , Mutation/genetics
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