ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To optimize a measuring method of osteonecrotic area by analyzing the average osteonecrotic areas and osteonecritic volume using multi layer MR images.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The MRI images of 87 cases (120 hips) of ONFH(ARCO II) were collected retrospectively from January 2011 to January 2012 in Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medicine Science. PHILIPS Achieval 1.5T MR was used to obtain coronal TSE T1 weighted (T1W) images. The scanning parameters were shown as follows:slice thickness, 3.5 mm; gap, 0.3 mm; images repetition time(TR), 500 ms;echo time(TE), 20 ms;field of view (FOV), 374 mm;total 12 layers. According to the distribution rule of osteonecrotic lesion, the layer of coronal T1-weighted imaging showing most of femoral neck was marked as layer 0(L0). The layers before L0 were marked in sequence L1, L2, L3, L4... , and the layers after L0 were marked in sequence L-1, L-2, L-3, L-4... . Auto CAD 2007 was used to measure the percentage of osteonecrotic area and calcu late the average data, and then decreased the layer from low to high layer successively based on frequency of osteonecrotic occurrences. First, the layer with lowest frequency of osteonecrotic occurrenoses L3 was removed, then calculated the average osteonecrotic area of the ramaining 8 layers. L5, L4, L-2, L-1, L3 layers were gradually removed, resulting in the calculation of avereage osteonecrotic areas in 7, 6, 5, 4, 3 layers. These areas were compared to the osteonecrotic volume in MR imagings, leading to the optimization of the fewest layer measuring method of osteonecrotic area using a statistical analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The percentage of osteonecrotic volume in 120 hips was 0.333±0.151. The average osteonecrotic areas of 9 to 3 layers were 0.321±0.117, 0.317±0.136, 0.312±0.147, 0.333±0.153, 0.348±0.172, 0.365±0.174, 0.377±0.202 respectively. There were no statistical differences of the average osteonecrotic areas and osteonecrotic volume in 9 to 3 layers(>0.05), but when the osteonecrotic layers were reduced to 3, there were statistical differences(<0.05). Total 120 hips were grouped according to osteonecrotic volume based on ARCO staging criteria, among them, 12 hips were grade A, 43 were B, 65 were C. According to average osteonecrotic areas of 4 layers, 10 hips were A grade, 32 were B, 78 were C. There were no statistical differences between two methods(>0.05). There was a high degree of concordance among two methods.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The results of 4(L0, L1, L2, L3) layers measuring method and osteonecrotic volume measuring method are similar. The 4 layers measuring method is an accurate, convenient, valuable method measuring the esteonecrotic area with the fewest layers, which is worth to be popularized in clinical application.</p>
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the efficacy and features of treating early-to-middle stage nontraumatic osteonecrosis of femoral head (NONFH) patients by Jianpi Huogu Recipe (JHR).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using retrospective paired control method, early-to-middle stage NONFH patients treated by JHR and followed-up for 2 years were recruited as the test group (47 cases). Those accepted surgery of core decompression, focus debridement and bone graft were recruited as the control group (48 cases). Radiographic images and clinical data of patients were collected before and after treatment. The stable rate and excellent rate of Harris score were taken as efficacy evaluation indicators.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) There was no statistical difference in excellent rate of Harris score between the two groups (95.74% vs. 79.17%, P > 0.05). But better effects were obtained in the test group in relieving pain, improving joint deformation, joint mobility, and total Harris score (P < 0. 05, P < 0. 01). There was no statistical difference in the stable rate of radiography between the two groups (74.47% vs. 75.00%, P > 0.05). (2) There was no statistical difference in the stable rate of radiography at phase II and Ill [staging by Association Research Circulation Osseous (ARCO)] between the two groups (82.05% vs. 80.00%, 37.50% vs. 50.00%, P > 0.05). (3) The stable rate of radiography and excellent rate of Harris score were obviously higher in ARCO phase II patients than in ARCO phase Il patients (82.05% vs. 37.50%,97.44% vs. 87.50%, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Equivalent stable rate of radiography to that of surgery could be obtained in treating early-to-middle stage NONFH patients by JHR. But it was better than surgery in relieving pain, improving joint deformation and joint mobility.</p>