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2.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.);89(3): 456-461, May-June 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1447699

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic had a considerable impact on the healthcare access, treatment, and follow-up of oncologic patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected consultation and follow-up demand as well as treatment volume at Brazilian Head and Neck Surgery centers. Methods An anonymous online questionnaire was used for collection of data across all Brazilian Head and Neck Surgery Centers across a 3-month period (April‒June 2021). This information included the characteristics of each center, and the perceived self-reported impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on academic activities, residency training, and the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of patients with Head and Neck diseases between 2019 and 2020. Results The response rate across the 40 registered Brazilian Head and Neck Surgery Centers was 47.5% (n = 19). The data showed a significant reduction in the total number of consultations (24.8%) and number of attending patients (20.2%) between 2019 and 2020. The total number of diagnostic exams (31.6%) and surgical procedures (13.0%) conducted over this period also decreased significantly. Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant national impact on Brazilian Head and Neck Surgery Centers. Future studies should examine the long-term effects of the pandemic on cancer treatment. Level of evidence Evidence from a single descriptive study.

3.
Arch. Head Neck Surg ; 49: e00592019, Jan-Dec. 2020.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1391305

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Recent interest of physicians and patients to prevent scars in the neck in thyroid surgery has fostered the development of several remote access techniques in recent decades. Among the various techniques developed, transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA) has shown to be a safe alternative, in selected cases, to conventional thyroidectomy. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the results of TOETVA in patients with thyroid nodules and compare them with those in patients undergoing conventional thyroidectomy. Methods: Retrospective cohort study comparing 31 patients submitted to endoscopic versus 30 conventional thyroidectomies, regarding operative time, complications and pain scale. Results: Thirty-one cases of TOETVA were compared with 30 conventional thyroidectomies conducted in the same period in a tertiary care center. Similar complication rates were observed in both groups, with shorter operative time for endoscopic surgery compared with that of traditional access. Conclusion: TOETVA can be safely performed in selected cases, with similar complication rates, and shorter operative time compared with conventional thyroidectomy.

4.
São Paulo; s.n; 2020. 52 p.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, Inca | ID: biblio-1179404

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O carcinoma de células escamosas (CEC) de orofaringe associado ao Papiloma vírus humano (HPV) está associado a melhores taxas de resposta ao tratamento, além de melhor prognóstico. Entretanto, observamos que em algumas regiões geográficas, onde a prevalência de CEC de orofaringe relacionado ao HPV é menor, o impacto da infecção pelo HPV é pouco estudado pela literatura. Objetivos analisar os padrões de recorrência de carcinomas de células escamosas de orofaringe de acordo com variáveis clinico-patológicas, associação ou não com HPV e tratamento inicial instituído. Método: Foram avaliados retrospectivamente 215 pacientes com diagnóstico de CEC classificados como estádio I a IV (sem metástases à distância) através da classificação da American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC), tratados no AC Camargo Cancer Center com intenção curativa por meio de cirurgia inicial ou radioterapia, com ou sem quimioterapia associada. Os dados coletados incluíram informações demográficas, status do HPV, consumo de tabaco e álcool, além de variáveis anatomopatológicas e de tratamento. Os padrões de recorrência foram analisados conforme o status do HPV. A sobrevida livre de doença e a sobrevida livre de recorrência foram calculadas usando curvas de Kaplan-Meier seguindo-se da análise multivariada de Cox. Resultados: Cento e vinte e sete (59,1%) pacientes foram diagnosticados com carcinoma de células escamosas relacionadas ao HPV; a idade média dos pacientes foi de 56 anos. A tonsila foi o sítio mais acometido (n=131) tanto nos pacientes com tumores HPV positivos (n = 78, 59,5%) como HPV negativos (n = 53, 40,5%). De acordo com a oitava edição da AJCC, 34 (15,8%), 71 (33%), 47 (21,9%) e 60 (27,9%) pacientes apresentavam doença em estádio I, II, III e IV, respectivamente. A cirurgia foi inicialmente realizada em 109 (50,7%) casos, e os esquemas de radioterapia concomitante a quimioterapia foram oferecidos como as opções de tratamento inicial para 104 pacientes (48,4%, p = 0,686). No geral, a sobrevida livre de doença em cinco anos foi de 73,5% para pacientes com tumores HPV-positivos e 68,1% para pacientes com tumores HPV-negativos; essa diferença não foi estatisticamente significativa (p = 0,227). O status do tabaco foi considerado o único fator prognóstico independente para a sobrevivência. Além disso, o status do HPV não foi associado a diferenças nas taxas de recorrência (p = 0,680). Observamos também que, enquanto todos os casos de metástases a distância nos pacientes HPV-negativos ocorriam nos pulmões, nos HPV-positivos observamos locais incomuns de doença à distância, como fígado, ossos, pele e sistema nervoso central. Conclusões: O status do HPV esteve associado a maiores taxas de sobrevida na população investigada. No entanto, o tabagismo foi considerado o único fator prognóstico independente para sobrevida livre de doença. Além disso, pacientes com carcinoma de células escamosas de orofaringe relacionados ao HPV apresentaram doença a distância em locais não comumente observados nos pacientes com tumores HPV-negativos


Background: Human papilloma virus (HPV)-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is associated with better tumor-response rates and survival outcomes. However, in some geographic regions with a lower prevalence of HPV-positive OPSCC, the impact of HPV infection on prognosis remains unclear. The aim of this study was to describe the patterns of recurrence and survival among patients treated for OPSCC in a geographic region with a reported low prevalence of HPV-related OPSCC. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 215 patients diagnosed with American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stages I to IV (with no distant metastases) OPSCC who were treated with upfront surgery or radiation therapy with or without chemotherapy at AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil. The collected data included demographic information, HPV status, tobacco and alcohol consumption, and pathologic and treatment variables. The patterns of recurrence were recorded according to HPV status. Disease-specific survival and recurrence-free survival were calculated using Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Results: One hundred twenty-seven (59.1%) patients were diagnosed with HPV-positive OPSCC; the median patient age was 56 years. The tonsils were the most frequent site (131 cases) in both the HPV-positive (n=78, 59.5%) and HPV-negative (n=53, 40.5%) groups. According to the AJCC eighth edition, 34 (15.8%), 71 (33%), 47 (21.9%), and 60 (27.9%) patients had stage I, II, III, and IV disease, respectively. Surgery was initially performed in 109 (50.7%) cases, and upfront chemoradiation regimens were provided as the initial treatment options in 104 (48.4%, p=0.686) patients. Overall, the 5-year cancer- specific survival was 73.5% and 68.1% for HPV-positive and HPV-negative patients, respectively; this difference was not significant (p=0.227). Tobacco status was considered the only independent prognostic factor for survival. Furthermore, HPV status was not associated with differences in recurrence rates (p=0.680). While all distant relapses were found to be lung metastases in the HPV-negative group, we observed unusual sites of distant metastases in the HPV-positive group; five patients presented with liver metastasis, four with bone metastasis, one with skin implants, and one with central nervous system (CNS) disease. Conclusions: HPV status was associated with higher rates of survival among the investigated population. Moreover, smoking status was considered the only independent prognostic factor for survival. Furthermore, patients with HPV-positive tumors were more likely than patients with HPV-negative OPSCC to have unusual sites of distant metastases


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Papillomaviridae , Recurrence , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Oropharyngeal Neoplasms/mortality , Head and Neck Neoplasms , Neoplasm Metastasis
5.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.);82(6): 680-686, Oct.-Dec. 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-828245

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Head and neck cancer represents 3% of all the types of malignant neoplasms and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is responsible for 90% of these cases. There have been some studies evaluating the quality of life of these patients, but little is known about the physical and emotional effects on their caregivers. Objective: To evaluate the quality of life of patients with head and neck cancer and their caregivers by applying validated questionnaires. Methods: Thirty patients with advanced tumors (SCC stage III or IV) and their 30 caregivers were included. Specific questionnaires (Coop/Wonca, EORTC QLQ-C30, EORTC H&N35, Coop/Wonca, and Caregiver Strain Index - CSI) were applied during routine medical consultations. Results: Of the 30 patients, 28 were males and 25 had stage IV tumors, with mean age of 56.6 years. 36.7% had the primary tumor in the oropharynx and 70% reported pain. The functional cognitive, physical, and emotional scales were the most affected. Pain, fatigue, and sleep disorders were the most prevalent symptoms. Of the 30 caregivers, 23 were females and 70% were the primary caregivers. 36.7% of the caregivers had high levels of stress, mainly related to the feeling of incapacity. The comparison between patients and caregivers demonstrated that the two groups had similar quality of life impairment: physical fitness (p = 0.487), mental health (p = 0.615), daily activities (p = 0.793), social activities (p = 0.301), changes in health (p = 0.649), and overall health (p = 0.168). Conclusion: Quality of life impairment is similar between patients and their caregivers. This result demonstrates that not only the patients show quality of life impairment, but their caregivers also have it and at similar proportions.


Resumo Introdução: O câncer de cabeça e pescoço representa 3% de todos os tipos de neoplasias malignas e o carcinoma espinocelular corresponde a 90% dos casos. Há estudos sobre a qualidade de vida desses pacientes, mas pouco se conhece sobre os prejuízos físico e emocional dos seus cuidadores. Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade de vida de pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço e comparativamente de seus cuidadores a partir da aplicação de questionários validados. Método: A casuística foi constituída de 30 pacientes com tumores avançados (carcinomas espinocelulares de estádio III ou IV) de cabeça e pescoço e 30 cuidadores. Foram aplicados questionários específicos (Coop/Wonca, EORTC QLQ-C30, EORTC H&N35, Coop/Wonca e Caregiver Strain Index - CSI) a partir de visitas de rotina ao ambulatório. Resultados: Dos 30 pacientes, 28 eram do sexo masculino e 25 apresentavam estádio IV, com idade média de 56,6 anos. 36,7% tinham o tumor primário na orofaringe e 70% sentiam dor. As escalas funcionais cognitivas, física e emocional foram as mais afetadas. Dor, fadiga e distúrbio do sono foram os sintomas mais prevalentes. Dos 30 cuidadores, 23 eram do sexo feminino e 70% eram cuidadores primários. 36,7% dos cuidadores apresentaram alto nível de estresse, principalmente relacionado à sensação de incapacidade. A comparação entre pacientes e cuidadores demonstram que os dois grupos apresentam semelhante comprometimento da qualidade de vida: aptidão física (p = 0,487), saúde mental (p = 0,615), atividades diárias (p = 0,793), atividades sociais (p = 0,301), mudança na saúde (p = 0,649), saúde geral (p = 0,168). Conclusão: O comprometimento na qualidade de vida é semelhante entre pacientes e seus cuidadores, ou seja, não só os indivíduos de fato doentes apresentam prejuízo na sua qualidade de vida, mas os seus cuidadores também e na mesma proporção.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Quality of Life/psychology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/psychology , Caregivers/psychology , Head and Neck Neoplasms/psychology , Socioeconomic Factors , Prospective Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Neoplasm Staging
6.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-678904

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O câncer de esôfago cervical em estádio avançadopode incluir como conduta terapêutica a remoção cirúrgica dafaringe, laringe e esôfago. A reabilitação vocal teoricamentemais indicada para estes casos seria a Laringe Eletrônica. Noentanto, pode haver outra forma de reabilitação vocal para essespacientes, devido à neuroplasticidade funcional que possibilitaao organismo uma nova adaptação para as funções vocais e/ou fala. Objetivo: Apresentar o caso de um paciente submetidoà faringolaringoesofagectomia total com reconstrução gástricaque desenvolveu voz estomacal como forma de comunicaçãooral. Relato de caso: Participou deste estudo um indivíduodo sexo masculino, raça negra, 43 anos, que foi submetido àpelveglossectomia parcial devido carcinoma espinocelular depelve lingual (T3 N0 M0) em 2007 e faringolaringoesofagectomiapor carcinoma epidermóide no esôfago cervical (T2 N0 M0) comreconstrução com tubo gástrico em 2009. Foi encaminhadopara o serviço de fonoaudiologia sendo reabilitado quanto àcomunicação oral por meio de exercícios para o desenvolvimentoda voz gástrica, adquirida após 2 meses de treinamento.Atualmente o paciente apresenta inteligibilidade e fluência de falaadequadas. Conclusões: Este estudo mostrou que é possívela reabilitação vocal por meio da voz gástrica como alternativade comunicação oral em um paciente submetido às ressecçõesassociadas de esôfago, faringe e laringe.

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