Combination of OCT and FFA for the research of pathogenesis of central serous chorioretinopathy / 中华实验眼科杂志

Background The diagnosis of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is mainly dependent onfluorescine fundus angiography (FFA). However, the combination of optical coherence topography (OCT) with FFA offers a new approach to the research of the pathogenesis of CSC. Objective This clinical study was designed to study the combined application of the FFA and OCT for the research of the pathogenesis of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). Methods Forty-four eyes of 44 patients with CSC were included in this study with 36 cases of males and 8 cases of female. The patients were aged 39.3 ± 5.3 years and the visual acuity was 0. 64 ±0. 27. FFA and OCT examinations were performed in all patients and the FFA images were imported into the Topcon 3D OCT 1000 device to locate the conformity of OCT lesions with the leakages of FFA. The neuroepithelial layer thickness at the fovea and the height of the neuroepithelial layer detachment were measured using 3-D OCT. Results OCT showed serous REP detachment in 34 eyes (77.3%) and rough surfaces of RPE in 10 eyes (22. 7% ). In thirtyfour eyes with RPE detachment, the OCT lesions and FFA leakage spots conformed to the same locations in 31 eyes, but the other three eyes did not. The mean foveal neuroepithelial thickness was (138.5±19.4) μm in CSC eyes and that of normal eyes was ( 131.35±5. 01 ) μm ,showing a significant difference between them( t=0. 39 ,P＞0. 05 ). The mean height of neuroepithelial detachment was (263.3 ± 126.7 ) μm in CSC eyes. Conclusion RPE detachment occurs in CSC eyes and further induces macular neuroepithelial detachment. Leakage lesion of fluorescine corresponds to RPE detachment. CSC without RPE detachment may be related to the increase in RPE permeability. OCT can accurately measure the thickness of the macular neuroepithelial layer and the height of the neuroepithelial detachment.

Angiographic leakage of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy on indocyanine angiography / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>There is no detailed report about the angiographic leakage of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) lesions on indocyanine green (ICG) angiography. This study aimed to investigate the angiographic leakage of polypoidal lesions in PCV on ICG angiography.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and forty-four eyes of 137 patients diagnosed as PCV were prospectively observed. Fundus examination, fluorescein angiography, and ICG angiography were performed. Leakage of polypoidal lesions and clinical features were recorded according to the angiograms.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In all 144 eyes, 110 eyes showed angiographic leakage (leakage group) on ICG angiography and three subtypes of leakage group were noted, which were polypoidal dilations leakage (47 eyes, 42.7%), branching vascular networks leakage (14 eyes, 12.7%) and leakage of both (49 eyes, 44.5%). The other 34 eyes showed regression of polypoidal lesions (regression group). In leakage group, the rates of pigment epithelial detachment (PED), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) < 0.1 and old subretinal hemorrhages were 56.4% (62 eyes), 19.1% (21 eyes), and 4.6% (5 eyes) respectively, compared with 8.8% (3 eyes), 50% (17 eyes) and 38.2% (13 eyes) of regression group (P < 0.001). The history of regression group was significantly longer (P < 0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Angiographic leakage and regression can be observed in PCV lesions. Leakage of both polypoidal dilations and branching vascular networks is the most common subtype in leakage group. PCV in leakage group is more likely to be related to PED, better BCVA and shorter history, while PCV regression group tends to relevant to old subretinal hemorrhage, worse BCVA and longer history. This may reflect that the former is active or in the early course while the later is resting or in the late phase of PCV.</p>

Reversal effect of haloperidol on doxorubicin resistance and chloride channel inhibition in erythroleukemic cell K562/Dox / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the reversal effect of haloperidol (Hal) on doxorubicin (Dox) resistance and its inhibition effect on P-glycoprotein and swelling-activated chloride channel in Dox-resistant erythro-leukemic cell line K562/Dox.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Tumor cell proliferation was measured by LDH assay. mRNA expressions of P-glycoprotein (MDR1), glutathione S-transferase Pi (GSTpi) and MDR-associated protein (MRP) of K562/Dox treated with Hal were assayed by RT-PCR. Chloride-sensitive dye MQAE was loaded into K562/Dox cells and the intracellular fluorescence intensity was measured to evaluate the effect of Hal on chloride channel in swelling-activated K562/Dox cells. Coulter counter ZM and Channelyzer 256 were used to measure cell volume regulation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Hal significantly reversed Dox resistance in K562/Dox cells after 12.50, 6.25 and 3.12 micromol/L Hal treatment, the chemosensitivity to Dox increased by 8.61, 4.35 and 2.25 times respectively. After treatment with Hal 12.50 micromol/L, MDR1 and MRP mRNA expression were gradually down-regulated in a time-dependent manner on d1-d3, reducing to 76.3% and 64.6% of the control level on d3 (P < 0.05), while GSTpi mRNA expression decreased by 66.1% (P < 0.05) on d1-d2, and began to recover on d3. The swelling-activated chloride channel and cell regulatory volume decreased (RVD) in K562/Dox cells were also inhibited by Hal. Under hypotonic challenge the cellular fluorescence intensity which represented chloride concentration declined by (34.46 +/- 5.91)%. After adding 6.25 micromol/L and 18.75 micromol/L Hal, the hypotonic challenge only caused decrease in fluorescence intensity by (24.43 +/- 3.25)% and (16.63 +/- 4.98)% (P < 0.01). RVD in hypotonic condition was (84.95 +/- 5.69)%. RVD under hypotonic condition with 6.25 micromol/L and 18.75 micromol/L Hal were (51.12 +/- 6.01)% and (39.51 +/- 4.79)% respectively (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A nontoxic concentration of haloperidol can significantly reverse drug resistance through a multi-pathway effect, including down-regulating mRNA expressions of MDR, GSTpi and MRP, inhibition of swelling-activated chloride channel and RVD in K562/Dox cells.</p>

Comparison of genetic polymorphism of cytochrome CYP2C19 between men and women in Chinese population / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To assess the effect of gender on genetic polymorphism of cytochrome CYP2C19 in Chinese population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The genetic polymorphism of 140 healthy Chinese were analysed by PCR-RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of 52 genotyped male subjects, 23 (44.23%) were homozygous for wildtype (wt/wt), 6 (11.54%) were homozygous for CYP2C19 m1 (m1/m1), and 23 (44.23%) were heterozygous for CYP2C19 m1 or CYP2C19 m2 (wt/m1 or wt/m2); and among the 88 genotyped female subjects, 31 (35.23%) were homozygous for wildtype (wt/wt), 13 (14.82%) were homozygous for CYP2C19 m1 (m1/m1), and 44 (50.0%) were heterozygous for CYP2C19 m1 or CYP2C19 m2 (wt/m1 or wt/m2); no homozygous genotype for CYP2C19 m2 (m2/m2) was found in the study.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There is no statistical difference in ocurance of wt/wt and m1/m1 between in male and in female, so gender have no significant effect on genetic polymorphism of cytochrome CYP2C19.</p>