ABSTRACT
@#Objective - （ ）- （ ） To observe the effects of renin angiotensin Ang aldosterone system RAAS in workers exposed to Methods - - occupational noise. Forty five workers with suspected occupational noise induced deafness were selected as noise ， ， exposure group using convenient sampling method. According to their tinnitus symptom noise exposure intensity and work age - ， ， they were divided into no tinnitus and tinnitus subgroups <90 dB and ≥90 dB subgroups work years <10 years and ≥10 years subgroups. Another 45 workers with no occupational noise exposure history were selected as control group. The levels of plasma （ ）， ， ， renin activity PRA AngⅠ AngⅡ and aldosterone of the two groups were detected and the aldosterone to renin activity Results ratio was calculated. The diastolic blood pressure of the noise exposure group was higher than that of the control group ［（ ）vs（ ） ，P ］ ， 80±7 76±8 mmHg <0.05 . However there was no significant difference in systolic blood pressure between the two （P ） （ ： groups >0.05 . The level of plasma AngⅡ in the noise exposure group was higher than that in the control group median vs ，P ） （ P ） 100.98 65.43 μg/L <0.05 . There was no statistical significance in other indexes between the two groups all >0.05 . The （ ： plasma AngⅡ level in < 90 dB subgroup in the noise exposure group was higher than that of the control group median 123.16 vs ，P ） 65.43 μg/L <0.05 . There was no statistical significance in other indexes among the two subgroups of tinnitus symptom or （ P ） work age in the noise exposure group and the control group all >0.05 . There were no significant differences in the abnormal ， （ P ） rates of PRA AngⅡ and aldosterone in plasma between the noise exposure group and the control group all >0.05 . Conclusion Occupational noise exposure may affect RAAS and lead to increased plasma AngⅡ levels in the workers. - Tinnitus and work age may not affect RAAS in occupational noise exposure workers.
ABSTRACT
@#Objective - （ ）- （ ） To observe the effects of renin angiotensin Ang aldosterone system RAAS in workers exposed to Methods - - occupational noise. Forty five workers with suspected occupational noise induced deafness were selected as noise ， ， exposure group using convenient sampling method. According to their tinnitus symptom noise exposure intensity and work age - ， ， they were divided into no tinnitus and tinnitus subgroups <90 dB and ≥90 dB subgroups work years <10 years and ≥10 years subgroups. Another 45 workers with no occupational noise exposure history were selected as control group. The levels of plasma （ ）， ， ， renin activity PRA AngⅠ AngⅡ and aldosterone of the two groups were detected and the aldosterone to renin activity Results ratio was calculated. The diastolic blood pressure of the noise exposure group was higher than that of the control group ［（ ）vs（ ） ，P ］ ， 80±7 76±8 mmHg <0.05 . However there was no significant difference in systolic blood pressure between the two （P ） （ ： groups >0.05 . The level of plasma AngⅡ in the noise exposure group was higher than that in the control group median vs ，P ） （ P ） 100.98 65.43 μg/L <0.05 . There was no statistical significance in other indexes between the two groups all >0.05 . The （ ： plasma AngⅡ level in < 90 dB subgroup in the noise exposure group was higher than that of the control group median 123.16 vs ，P ） 65.43 μg/L <0.05 . There was no statistical significance in other indexes among the two subgroups of tinnitus symptom or （ P ） work age in the noise exposure group and the control group all >0.05 . There were no significant differences in the abnormal ， （ P ） rates of PRA AngⅡ and aldosterone in plasma between the noise exposure group and the control group all >0.05 . Conclusion Occupational noise exposure may affect RAAS and lead to increased plasma AngⅡ levels in the workers. - Tinnitus and work age may not affect RAAS in occupational noise exposure workers.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To analyze the possible responses of parents of young children to Child sexual assault (CSA) and the potential influencing factors, so as to provide evidence for prevention programs of CSA.@*Methods@#Part of the data from "2016-2020 Child Injury Prevention Project" was used to analyze responses to CSA among parents of children younger than 3rd grade in primary school by chi square test and Logistic regression analysis.@*Results@#A total of 4 072 parents were included in the analysis. Among them, 86.8% of parents chose "to solve problems together", 51.0% of parents taking children to a "psychologist", 4.9% of parents "scolding children for being too careless", 2.9% of parents "letting child not disclose abuse" and 6.5% of parents chose "other" coping methods. Parents with foreign nationality [OR(95%CI)=2.58(1.25-5.15)] and lower education level (OR=0.26-0.64) tend to "blame" their children. Mothers [(OR(95%CI)=0.54(0.33-0.90)], higher parental education level (OR=0.27-0.72) were more reluctant to encourage their children to keep quiet. Mothers [OR(95%CI)=1.73(1.32-2.27)], older children (OR=1.33-1.78) and parents with higher education level (OR=1.65-2.99) tend to "accompany". Parents aged 30 or more, and from high school/technical school/technical secondary school tend to take their children to see a "psychologist" [OR(95%CI)=1.39(1.14-1.71), 1.79(1.26-2.53)].@*Conclusion@#Parents universally pay attention to the physical and mental health of children after CSA, but some parents still take negative coping methods, e.g. "blame" and "not disclose". Parenting educational level, duration of parent-child communication and age of children are primary factors associated with parental responses to child sexual assault. This study suggests that prevention secondary injury following child sexual assault should be farther strengthened, while fully considering the characteristics of the educated objects.
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: This study aimed to compare the effects on mortality of albumin and crystalloid, used for fluid resuscitation among adult patients with septic shock, through conducting a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis (TSA). DESIGN AND SETTING: Meta-analysis and TSA conducted at Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China. METHODS: Data were collected from several major databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Clinical Trials.gov and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Studies that compared the effects of albumin therapy versus crystalloid therapy on mortality among adult septic shock patients were eligible for inclusion in the analyses. The study name, year of publication, country of the trial, albumin concentration, type of crystalloid and all reported mortalities at different follow-up endpoints were extracted. RESULTS: Compared with crystalloid, albumin did not decrease all-cause mortality at the final follow-up. However, in TSA, the required information size was not achieved in all groups, which means that the effect size was not definitive and further RCTs are needed to confirm or deny these findings CONCLUSIONS: Compared with crystalloid solutions, albumin was unable to decrease all-cause mortality. However, TSA indicated that these results could be false-negative. Additional randomized controlled trials are needed to clarify this discrepancy.
Subject(s)
Humans , Shock, Septic/mortality , Shock, Septic/therapy , Albumins/therapeutic use , Fluid Therapy/mortality , Crystalloid Solutions/therapeutic use , Resuscitation/methods , Resuscitation/mortality , Bias , Clinical Trials as Topic , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
This study was to investigate the changes of autonomic nerve function and hemodynamics in patients with vasovagal syncope (VVS) during head-up tilt-table testing (HUT).HUT was performed in 68 patients with unexplained syncope and 18 healthy subjects served as control group.According to whether bradycardia,hypotension or both took place during the onset of syncope,the patients were divided during the test into three subgroups:vasodepressor syncope (VD),cardioinhibitory syncope (CI) and mixed syncope (MX) subgroups.Heart rate,blood pressure,heart rate variability (HRV),and deceleration capacity (DC) were continuously analyzed during HUT.For all the subjects with positive responses,the normalized low frequency (LFn) and the LF/HF ratio markedly decreased whereas normalized high frequency (HFn) increased when syncope occurred.Syncopal period also caused more significant increase in the power of the DC in positive groups.These changes were more exaggerated compared to controls.All the patients were indicative of a sympathetic surge in the presence of withdrawal vagal activity before syncope and a sympathetic inhibition with a vagal predominance at the syncopal stage by the frequency-domain analysis of HRV.With the measurements ofDC,a decreased vagal tone before syncope stage and a vagal activation at the syncopal stage were observed.The vagal tone was higher in subjects showing cardioinhibitory responses at the syncopal stage.DC may provide an alternative method to understand the autonomic profile of VVS patients.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the influence of a pulsating electromagnetic field (PEMF) on the expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) in ovariectomized rats so as to explore the possibility of using PEMFs to treat osteoporosis.Methods Sixty female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups of 15-a control group (Sham group),an ovary resection group (OVX group),a resection group treated with alendronate sodium (OVX+ALN group) and a resection group exposed to a PEMF (PEMFs group).Both ovaries were resected to induce osteoporosis,except in the sham group where the adipose tissues around the ovaries were cut bilaterally without resection.After the operation,the ALN group were given 2 mg/kg of alendronate by gavage daily for 30 days,while the PEMFs group was exposed to a 3.8 mT electromagnetic field pulsing at 8 Hz for 40 min twice daily for 30 days.There was no intervention in the other two groups.The animals were sacrificed using intra-peritoneal injection of sodium pentobarbital and the density of their femurs was measured.The expression of Runx2 protein and Runx2 mRNA were detected using western blotting and quantitative PCR.Results The average bone density,Runx2 protein level and Runx2 mRNA level of the PEMFs group were all significantly higher than those of the OVX group,but there was no significant difference between the PEMFs group and ALN group averages.Conclusion PEMF exposure can upregulate the expression of Runx2 protein and Runx2 mRNA in female rats after ovary resection.This may be one of the mechanisms by which PEMFs treat osteoporosis.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the influence of a pulsating electromagnetic field (PEMF) on the expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) in ovariectomized rats so as to explore the possibility of using PEMFs to treat osteoporosis.Methods Sixty female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups of 15-a control group (Sham group),an ovary resection group (OVX group),a resection group treated with alendronate sodium (OVX+ALN group) and a resection group exposed to a PEMF (PEMFs group).Both ovaries were resected to induce osteoporosis,except in the sham group where the adipose tissues around the ovaries were cut bilaterally without resection.After the operation,the ALN group were given 2 mg/kg of alendronate by gavage daily for 30 days,while the PEMFs group was exposed to a 3.8 mT electromagnetic field pulsing at 8 Hz for 40 min twice daily for 30 days.There was no intervention in the other two groups.The animals were sacrificed using intra-peritoneal injection of sodium pentobarbital and the density of their femurs was measured.The expression of Runx2 protein and Runx2 mRNA were detected using western blotting and quantitative PCR.Results The average bone density,Runx2 protein level and Runx2 mRNA level of the PEMFs group were all significantly higher than those of the OVX group,but there was no significant difference between the PEMFs group and ALN group averages.Conclusion PEMF exposure can upregulate the expression of Runx2 protein and Runx2 mRNA in female rats after ovary resection.This may be one of the mechanisms by which PEMFs treat osteoporosis.
ABSTRACT
Previous case-control studies have shown various degrees of inverse correlation between osteoarthritis (OA) and osteoporosis (OP). The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between osteophytes at the cervical , lumbar vertebrae and knee, and the bone mineral density (BMD) of lumbar spine. We analyzed the data on 4091 female patients (aged 13 to 92 years). Osteophyte was defined by X ray examination. BMD of the lumbar spine (LS) was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (Lunar DPX). The association of osteophytes with BMD and osteophytes at different sites and different degrees were assessed by covariance analysis. Adjustments were made for age and body mass index. The relationship between osteophytes and BMD was analyzed by Binary Logistic Regression. BMD at each site was greater in the female with osteophytes (L4 BMD: P < 0.01, Mean BMD: P < 0.05); the relationship between osteophytes and osteoporosis and that between duration of osteophytes and osteoporosis were inversely correlated (P < 0.01). It confirms the existence of an inverse relationship between osteophytes and OP while a positive relationship is between age, body mass index and osteoporosis.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Absorptiometry, Photon , Bone Density , Lumbar Vertebrae , Metabolism , Pathology , Osteophyte , Metabolism , Osteoporosis , MetabolismABSTRACT
Objective To observe the effect of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) of different intensities on the biomechanical properties of the femur in ovariectomized rats so as to determine the intensity for the best therapeutic efficacy. Methods Fifty female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into (1) a sham-operated control group (no PEMF treatment) , (2) ovariectomized control group (no PEMF treatment) (3) ovariectomized group Ⅰ (PEMF treatment at 8 Hz and 0.77 mT intensity, 40 min daily for 30 days) (4) ovariectomized group Ⅱ (PEMF treatment at 8 Hz and 3.82 mT intensity, 40 min daily for 30 days) and (5) ovariectomized group Ⅲ( PEMF treatment at 8 Hz and 9.87 mT intensity, 40 min daily for 30 days). Except for the 10 rats of the sham-operated control group, all the others received a standard ovariectomy. Serum estradiol (E2) and the biomechanical properties of one femur (peak load, maximum displacement, maximum energy absorption, maximum stress, maximum strain and modulus of elasticity) were assessed after 30 days of PEMF treatment. Results In group Ⅱ the biomechanical properties of the femur were significantly better than in group Ⅰ or the ovariectomized control group. In groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ the biomechanical properties of the femur were not significantly better than in the sham-operated group. In group Ⅱ the biomechanical properties of the femur were significantly better than in groups Ⅰ or Ⅲ. Conclusion PEMFs at 3.82 mT can improve the biomechanical properties of the femur significantly.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the effect of pulsed electromagnetic fields(PEMFs)of different daily treatment durations on biomechanical properties of femur in ovariectomized rats,so as to find out the optimal daily treatment time.Methods Fifty female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups:(1)SHAM control(no PEMFs treatment),(2)OVX control(no PEMFs treatment),(3)OVX I(PEMFs treatment at 8Hz fre- quency with 3.8 mT intensity,20 min daily for 30 days),(4)OVX 11(PEMFs treatment at 8 Hz frequency with 3.8 mT intensity,40 min daily for 30 days),and(5)OVXⅢ(PEMFs treatment at 8Hz frequency with 3.8 mT in- tensity,60 rain daily for 30 days).All the rats were subject to bilateral overiectomy except those in the SHAM control group.The biomechanical properties of the femur were assessed after 30 days of PEMFs treatment.Results The values of the parameters of the biomechanical properties obtained with the OVX control group were significantly lower than those of the other 4 groups(P0.05).Conclusion PEMFs of the three different daily treatment durations can maintain the biomechanical properties of the femur in ovariectomized rats.Under certain in- tensity(3.8 mT)and frequency(8 Hz),PEMFs of the three different treatment durations can significantly maintain biomechanical properties of femur in ovariectomized rats approximately to the nomal level,but among the three groups,the difference is not significant.It was shown that exposure to PEMFs for 20 to 60 minutes daily had similar effect of maintaining biomechanical properties of the femur in ovariectomized rats.