ABSTRACT
Diffuse large B‑cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of non‑Hodgkin lymphoma with diverse clinical, pathological and genetic features. An 80‑year‑old woman was diagnosed with a stage IV‑X‑A (Ann Arbor staging system) low grade systemic follicular lymphoma (FL). Four months after the diagnosis, she developed asymptomatic, indurated, annular erythematous plaques with centrifugal growth on the abdomen, arms and neck. The skin biopsy revealed a dermal infiltration compatible with diffuse large B‑cell lymphoma. Light chain restriction by flow cytometry was demonstrated. The variable, diverse and joining genes of immunoglobulin G heavy chains were sequenced and cloned, and showed the same pattern for both the initial follicular lymphoma and the skin infiltration. Translocation t (14;18) was present in both samples. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of transformation of follicular lymphoma into diffuse large B cell lymphoma was made. Although other hematological disorders such as primary cutaneous diffuse large B cell lymphoma, mycosis fungoides and the cutaneous infiltration of chronic juvenile myeloid leukemia can present as annular lesions, we were unable to find any previous reports of these as a manifestation of cutaneous infiltration by systemic non‑Hodgkin lymphoma.
ABSTRACT
Chronic migraine is a condition with significant prevalence all around the world and high socioeconomic impact, and its handling has been challenging neurologists. Developments for understanding its mechanisms and associated conditions, as well as that of new therapies, have been quick and important, a fact which has motivated the Latin American and Brazilian Headache Societies to prepare the present consensus. The treatment of chronic migraine should always be preceded by a careful diagnosis review; the detection of possible worsening factors and associated conditions; the stratification of seriousness/impossibility to treat; and monitoring establishment, with a pain diary. The present consensus deals with pharmacological and nonpharmacological forms of treatment to be used in chronic migraine.
A migrânea crônica é uma condição com prevalência significativa ao redor do mundo e alto impacto socioeconômico, sendo que seu manuseio tem desafiado os neurologistas. Os avanços na compreensão de seus mecanismos e das condições a ela associadas, bem como nas novas terapêuticas, têm sido rápidos e importantes, fato que motivou as Sociedades Latino-americana e Brasileira de Cefaleia a elaborarem o presente consenso. O tratamento da migrânea crônica deve ser sempre precedido por uma revisão cuidadosa do diagnóstico, pela detecção de possíveis fatores de piora e das condições associadas, pela estratificação de gravidade/impossibilidade de se tratar e pelo monitoramento com um diário da dor. Este consenso apresenta abordagens farmacológicas e não-farmacológicas para tratar a migrânea crônica.
Subject(s)
Humans , Migraine Disorders/therapy , Chronic Disease , Comorbidity , Latin America , Migraine Disorders/diagnosis , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
La colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica, produjo un dramático impacto en el abordaje diagnósticos de las enfermedades pancreáticas y biliares, pero fue la posibilidad de que el método tuviera una aplicación terapéutica lo que cambio por completo el estudio y resolución de las patologías bilio-pancreáticas. Los primeros reportes de esfinterectomías endoscópicas, realizados en forma independiente por Kawai y Classen y Deling, dieron esa nueva visión sobre la posibilidad de solucionar por vía endoscópica las enfermedades de las vías biliares.
Subject(s)
Biliary Tract Diseases , History of Medicine , Academies and Institutes , Bile Ducts/surgerySubject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Endoscopy , Gallbladder/surgery , Gallbladder/injuries , Medicine , VenezuelaABSTRACT
Objetivos: Comparar los resultados del tratamiento de la mediatinitis en dos series sucesivas y homogéneas empleando dos modalidades terapéuticas diferentes y analizar su influencia sobre la morbimortalidad y los costos. Material y métodos: Treinta pacientes con diagnóstico de mediastinitis son comparados en este reporte. Dieciséis casos consecutivos fueron tratados con debridamiento, curas abiertas y plástica muscular diferida empleando ambos músculos pectorales (Serie A). Los siguientes 14 casos fueron tratados con debridamiento y deslizamiento miocutáneo pectoral bilateral simultáneo (Serie B). Resultados: La mortalidad hospitalaria fue del 31,2 por ciento para la Serie A y 0 por ciento para la Serie B. El promedio de internación desde el diagnóstico de mediastinitis hasta el alta fue de 47 días (rango: 20-66 días) para la Serie A y 15 días (rango: 7-32 días) para la Serie B. Requirieron hemodiálisis 25 por ciento de los pacientes de la Serie A y 7,1 por ciento de los pacientes en la Serie B. En los pacientes de la Serie A fueron necesarios al menos dos procedimientos quirúrgicos, mientras que los pacientes de la Serie B se resolvieron con un solo acto quirúrgico. Nosotros concluimos que, empleando el debridamiento y deslizamiento miocutáneo pectoral simultáneo, podemos reducir sensiblemente la morbimortalidad hospitalaria, los días de internación y los costos