ABSTRACT
Periodic assessment is a useful strategy for analyzing the situation of nutrition research, and its results would help direct any future study. This study was conducted to assess Farsi nutrition articles in Iranian scientific journals, during 2006-2011 on the basis of the study design, publication type and subject headings. In a descriptive study, Farsi articles during 2006-2011 were searched and collected using "Iran's Nutrition Publication abstracts" database, and their study design, publication type and subject headings were determined. The data were analyzed using ?2, PASW Statistics 18 to find the significant differences of the study design, publication type and subject headings of the selected articles. The number of Farsi articles was 1518. There was a maximum number of original research articles [98.7%]; while, the number of systematic reviews was only two. "Clinical nutrition" [42.1%] and "techniques and methods" [3.4%] were the most and the least frequent topics respectively. The most frequent articles in study design were descriptives then trials. There was no significant difference in publication patterns of the study design, publication type and subject headings of the articles. Although the number of descriptive research articles has decreased during this period, it is still more than that of analytical articles. The consistent pattern of study design, publication type and subjects, beside the high number of descriptive publications show the necessity of revising the nutrition research policies
ABSTRACT
The pain as the most prevalent medical problem and an unpleasant experience obliges patients to use sedatives. Recent studies have shown that anticholinergic alkaloid compounds have antinociceptive property. Regarding the presence of anticholinergic alkaloid compounds in henbane [hyoscyamus niger] and since this plant was mentioned as sedative in Iranian traditional medicine, the aim of present study was to investigate the antinociceptive effect of oral and injective administration of henbane seed on formalin-induced acute and chronic pain in rats. Male rats weighing 300-350 gr from NMRI strain were chosen randomly, and alcoholic extract of henbane seed were injected at doses of 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg intraperitoneally[n=10 for each dose]. Also oral henbane seed at ratio of 1/14 in standard food was given to another group of rats [n=8] for 2 weeks. Acute and chronic pain scores were assessed in control [n=8] and experimental groups by formalin test. The reactions against the pain were carried out via formalin test, based on the standard criteria assessment. In addition, the antinociceptive effect of sodium salisilate as a positive control group was examined. Statistical analysis of findings showed that injection of alcoholic extract of henbane seed in all doses decreased the formalin-induced acute and chronic pain significantly [P<0.001]. In addition, oral administration of henbane seed caused significant decrease of formalin-induced chronic pain [P<0.001] relative to control group. The results of the present study indicate that henbane extract has significant antinociceptive effect on both acute and chronic phases of formalin test. In addition, oral administration of henbane seed has only antinociceptive effect on formalin-induced chronic pain. It could be resulted from different mechanisms of extract injection and oral administration henbane in acute pain
Subject(s)
Animals, Laboratory , Male , Hyoscyamus , Plant Extracts , Alcohols , Rats , Pain MeasurementABSTRACT
Using herbal drugs is the common way for treatment of diseases in traditional and alternative medicine. These drugs have important role and strong cultural background among people in treatment of hyper-billirubinemia. It is necessary to evaluate the effect of herbal drugs by scientific methods. The goal of this study is to investigate the in vitro effect of common herbal drugs used traditionally in management of neonatal hyperbillirubinemia. in this study 0.5 cc of 5 common herbal drugs [Cichorium intybus, Fumaria parviflora, Zizyphus jujuba, Alhagi pseudoalhagi and Purgative manna] which are obtained by hydrochloric instillation were added to 1 ml of serum of jaundiced neonates and then the level of billirubin determined by Diazo blank method. This study revealed that only Cichorium intybus extract decreases the level of bilirubin significantly [p<0.05]. Other herbal drugs may decrease billirubin level with other mechanisms, for example by cathartic effect or activating of liver enzymes, but this study revealed that Cichorium intybus is the only drug that has direct decreasing effect on billirubin. For further investigation, we recommend to separate the effective substance of Cichorium intybus and determine its effectiveness in vivo