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Objective To analyze the correlation between inflammation,nutritional indicators and hy-poproteinemia in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD).Meth-ods The clinical data of patients with AECOPD admitted to the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University from January 2020 to September 2022 were ret-rospectively analyzed,and the patients were divided into the hypoproteinemia group(n=73)and the non-hy-poproteinemia group(n=141)according to whether the serum albumin(ALB)was lower than 35 g/L.The clinical data,inflammatory indicators and nutritional indicators of the two groups were compared,Spearman correlation analysis was performed,and binary logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the influ-encing factors of patients with AECOPD complicated with hypoproteinemia.Results There were statistically significant differences in age,length of hospital stay,and body weight between the two groups(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in gender,number of hospitalizations in the past 1 year,height,diabetes,hypertension and proportion of coronary heart disease(P＞0.05).Compared with the non-hypoproteinemia group,the hypoproteinemia group had longer hospital stays and higher levels of C-reactive protein,neutrophil/albumin ratio(NAR),neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(NLR),platelet-lymphocyte ratio(PLR),and systemic immunoinflammatory index(SII).The prognostic nutritional index(PNI),body mass index(BMI),hemoglo-bin and total protein levels were lower,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Body weight,BMI,hemoglobin,total protein,PNI and AECOPD patients with hypoproteinemia were negatively cor-related(P＜0.05),while age,length of hospital stay,C-reactive protein,NAR,NLR,PLR,SII and AECOPD patients with hypoproteinemia were positively correlated(P＜0.05).Binary logistic regression analysis showed that PNI,SII and NLR were the influencing factors of hypoproteinemia in AECOPD patients.Conclusion In clinical practice,attention should be paid to and timely correction of hypoproteinemia in pa-tients with AECOPD,improvement of inflammatory indicators and nutritional status of patients,and preven-tion of acute exacerbation.
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Objective:To investigate the risk factors of adenomatous colorectal polyps in advanced stage.Methods:Retrospective cross-sectional study. A total of 400 hospitalized patients with colorectal polypectomy and pathological diagnosis of adenomatous polyps (Aps) were selected from December 2020 to December 2022 in Shenzhen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (Longgang), of which 107 patients with progressive adenomas and 293 patients with common adenomas were selected. General information of patients (name, gender, age, BMI), history of smoking, alcohol consumption, history of hypertension, history of diabetes mellitus, and results of 13C urea breath test were collected to analyze the risk factors for the development of adenomas in patients with progressive adenomas and their syndromic characteristics. Results:The distribution of male patients with advanced adenoma was significantly higher than that of common adenoma patients [70.09% (75/107) vs. 57.34% (168/293), P=0.021], and the ages were [(52.25±9.81) years vs. (48.41±10.23) years, P=0.001], BMI [(24.37±3.19) kg/m 2vs. (23.38±3.25) kg/m 2, P=0.007] significantly higher than those of ordinary adenoma patients. Intestinal damp-heat syndrome was the common witness type in both advanced and common adenomas, and the distribution of intestinal damp-heat syndrome in advanced adenomas was significantly higher than that in common adenomas [43.0% (46/107) vs. 32.1% (94/293); χ2=4.10, P=0.043]. The distribution of patients with alcohol drinking history in advanced adenomas was significantly higher than that in common adenomas [61.7% (66/107) vs. 39.3% (115/293); χ2=15.92, P<0.001]. The distribution of diabetic patients with advanced adenoma was significantly higher than that of common adenoma patients [29.9% (32/107) vs. 14.7% (43/293); χ2=19.94, P<0.001]. The infection rate of Hp in advanced adenoma patients was significantly higher than that in common adenoma patients [66.4% (71/107) vs. 44.7% (131/293); χ2=14.69, P<0.001]. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, BMI, male, intestinal damp-heat syndrome, drinking history, diabetes history and Hp infection were risk factors for the development of patients with progressive adenomas ( P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion:Intestinal damp-heat syndrome is the key syndrome in patients with progressive adenoma, and age, BMI, male, history of alcohol consumption, history of diabetes mellitus and Hp infection are the risk factors for its development.
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Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of pomalidomide(POM)on airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods Thirty-six SD rats were randomly divided into control group,model group and POM group,with 12 in each group,half male and half female.The COPD model was established by smoke exposure combined with Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in model group and POM group.The rats in POM group were treated with POM(0.5 mg/kg,once a day for 1 week).The lung function,lung tissue pathology,the proportion of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)and the levels of serum inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6 and IL-13 were observed and detected in each group.AB-PAS staining and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze the proliferation of goblet cells and the secretion of mucin(MUC)5AC and MUC5B in airway epithelium of rats.The expression levels of TNF-α receptor 1(TNFR1),IκB kinase(IKK),phosphorylated IKK(p-IKK)and P65 protein in lung tissue were detected by Western blotting.Results Compared with control group,model group showed significant decreased of tidal volume(TV),minute ventilation(MV),forced expiratory vital capacity(FVC),0.1s forced expiratory volume(FEV0.1)and 0.3 s forced expiratory volume(FEV0.3)(P<0.05),increased of the mean linear intercept(MLI)of the alveoli(P<0.01),decreased of the mean alveolar number(MAN)(P<0.01),increased of the proportion of neutrophils and lymphocytes in BALF sediment(P<0.05),and decreased of the proportion of macrophages in BALF sediment(P<0.01);increased of the levels of serum inflammatory factors TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-13 and IL-6(P<0.05),the proportion of goblet cells in airway epithelium(P<0.01),the secretion of MUC5AC and MUC5B in lung tissue(P<0.01),the content of TNFR1 and the ratio of p-IKK/IKK(P<0.01),the content of P65 in nucleus(P<0.01);and decreased of the content of P65 in cytoplasm(P<0.05).Compared with model group,after one week of POM treatment,POM group showed significant improved of the TV,MV,FVC,FEV0.1,FEV0.3,MLI and MAN of rats(P<0.05);decreased of the proportion of neutrophils and lymphocytes in BALF(P<0.05);increased of the proportion of macrophages(P<0.01);decreased of the levels of serum TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 and IL-13(P<0.05),the proportion of goblet cells in airway(P<0.01),the secretion of MUC5AC and MUC5B(P<0.01),and the expression of TNFR1,P-IKK and P65(nucleus)(P<0.05);and increased of the level of P65(cytoplasm)(P<0.01).Conclusions POM can improve airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion in COPD rats,which may be achieved by inhibiting TNF-α/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Objective To investigate the clinical application of skin bridge preopening window drainage in enhanced recovery of mixed hemorrhoids surgically treated with external dissection and internal ligation.Methods A total of 620 patients with mixed hemorrhoids surgically treated with external dissection and internal ligation were retrospectively analyzed from March 1,2021-February 28,2022.Patients were divided into the observation group(n=304)and the control group(n=316)according to the single and even numbers randomly generated at the time of admission.In the observation group,on the basis of conventional operation and drug treatment in the control group,most of them chose to implement preopening window drainage of the skin bridge according to the intraoperative evaluation of the anal skin bridge according to the unified evaluation criteria.Symptom-sign scoring scale used to evaluate the anal edema and pain after the operation.To compare and analyze differences in anal edema,anal pain and the postoperative hospital stay between the observation group and the control.Results The average daily edema scores of the observation group and the control group were 0.56 and 1.2 points,respectively.The average daily edema score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group,with the statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).The average daily pain scores of the observation group and the control group were 0.6 and 1.201+0.289 points,respectively.The average daily pain score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group,with the statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).The average hospitalization days of the observation group and the control group were 8 days and 10 days,respectively.The average length of stay in the observation group was less than that in the control group,with the statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).Conclusion Skin bridge preopening window drainage can effectively relieve the degree of anal edema and pain in patients with mixed hemorrhoids surgically treated with external dissection and internal ligation,improve clinical efficacy,shorten the postoperative hospital stay.It has practical value and clinical significance for enhanced recovery.
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Purpose To investigate the corr-elation between Rap1 GAP expression in colon cancer tissues and clinicopatho-logical features and prognosis.Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect Rap1 GAP protein expression in 125 cases of colon cancer,and its correlation with clinicopathological features and prognosis was analyzed.Rap1 GAP protein expression in co-lon cancer LOVO,HCT116,SW480 cells and normal colon epi-thelial HCoEPiC cells was detected by Western blot.The expres-sion of Rap1 GAP was down-regulated and up-regulated in LO-VO,HCT116 and SW480 cells by lentivirus transfection,and di-vided into no-load group(sh-NON,LV-NON),sh-Rap1 GAP group(low expression Rap1 GAP)and LV-Rap1 GAP group(overexpression Rap1 GAP)according to different treatments.The transfection efficiency was verified by Western blotting.MTT assay and Transwell assay were used to detect cell proliferation,invasion and migration in each group.Results In 125 colon cancer samples,83 cases(66.4％)had the loss of Rap1 GAP expression,which was higher than that in paracancer control(7.2％,P＜0.001).The rate of loss of Rap1 GAP expression was correlated with the degree of tumor differentiation(x2=6.152,P=0.011)and the presence of mucinous adenocarcino-ma(x2=4.908,P=0.028),but not with gender,age,tumor location,tumor stage,or lymph node metastasis(P＞0.05).Western blotting results showed that compared with HCoEPiC(0.189±0.081)cells,Rap1 GAP protein expression was in-creased in colon cancer LOVO(0.238±0.008)cells.Rap1 GAP protein expression was decreased in HCT116(0.064± 0.002)and SW480(0.152±0.026)cells(F=159.6,P＜0.05).After LOVO cells were transfected with Rap1 GAP low expression lentivirus,the expression level of Rap1 GAP in sh-Rap1 GAP-1 group(0.733±0.071)and sh-Rap1 GAP-2 group(0.559±0.136)and sh-Rap1 GAP-3 group(0.606±0.037)was significantly lower than that in LOVO group(1.880± 0.129)(F=49.57,P＜0.05).Compared with sh-NON(1.260±0.109)group,the proliferation ability of sh-Rap1 GAP-2(1.569±0.059)and sh-Rap1 GAP-3(1.548±0.087)cells was significantly increased at 72 h(F=28.36,P＜0.05).Its invasion and migration ability were significantly increased(P＜0.05).After HCT116 cells transfected with overexpression lentivirus,the expression of Rap1 GAP protein in LV-Rap1 GAP group(1.395±0.137)was relatively higher than that in LV-NON group(0.485±0.097)(P＜0.05).The results of MTT assay showed that compared with LV-NON(0.652±0.047)group,the proliferation ability of cells in LV-Rap1 GAP(1.212 ±0.038)group was decreased,and the invasion and migration ability were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).The transfection results,proliferation,invasion and migration of SW480 cells were consistent with those of HCT116 cells.Conclusion The loss rate of Rap1 GAP expression is related to the differentiation degree of colon cancer and whether it is accompanied by mucin-ous adenocarcinoma.The up-regulation of Rap1 GAP expression can inhibit the proliferation,invasion and migration of colon cancer cells,providing a theoretical basis for exploring the occur-rence and development of colon cancer.
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Purpose To investigate the effect and molecu-lar mechanism underlying SOX9 during esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)cells.Methods Immunohistochemistry(IHC)was used to detect the expression of SOX9 in ESCC tis-sues and adjacent normal tissues.The correlation of SOX9 ex-pression with clinicopathological features and prognosis of ESCC was analyzed.The differentially expressed genes in Eca109-Vec-tor and Eca109-SOX9 cells were detected by Affymetrix miRNA array.qRT-PCR was used to determine the differential gene in TE-1 and TE-1-siSOX9 cells.The relationship between SOX9 and active/unphosphorylated β-catenin levels was detected by Western blot.The effects of Wnt inhibitor LGK974 on the prolif-eration of ESCC cells were detected by CCK-8.Results SOX9 was highly expressed in ESCC(4.58±3.04)as compared with that in adjacent normal tissues(1.56±2.08,P＜0.001).SOX9 was related to histopathological grade and invasion depth(P＜0.05).Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated high SOX9 expres-sion in ESCC was significantly correlated with shorter overall sur-vival(P＜0.05).Transcriptome profiling and qRT-PCR analysis suggested that SOX9 contributed to the regulation of AXIN2,FZD7 and WNT5A.Overexpression of SOX9 in Eca109 cells in-creased active/unphosphorylated β-catenin levels,whereas silen-cing SOX9 caused a decrease.Significant attenuation of cell pro-liferation was observed at various concentrations of LGK974 with-out affecting SOX9 expression on SOX9-expressing cell lines.As expected,this inhibitory effect was not obvious in Eca109-Vector cells when compared with Eca109-SOX9 cells treated with the same concentration of LGK974.Conclusion SOX9 is highly ex-pressed in ESCC and SOX9-mediated Wnt/β-catenin signal path-way activation at least partially contributes to the SOX9-induced ESCC growth.These findings suggest that SOX9 is a promising prognostic marker and therapeutic target for ESCC.
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BACKGROUND:Human placental mesenchymal stem cells have been shown to be effective in inhibiting the development of pulmonary fibrosis,but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the therapeutic effect and related mechanism of human placental mesenchymal stem cells on silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis in human embryonic lung fibroblasts(MRC-5). METHODS:CCK-8 assay was used to detect the effects of different mass concentrations of silica on the proliferation of MRC-5 at different time points.Immunofluorescence staining was used to screen out the best stimulating mass concentration and time of silica for subsequent experiments.MRC-5 cells were divided into blank group,silica group,and silica + human placental mesenchymal stem cell group.In the blank group,cells were not treated.In the silica group,MRC-5 cells were stimulated with 100 μg/mL silica for 48 hours.In the silica + human placental mesenchymal stem cell group,MRC-5 cells were stimulated with 100 μg/mL silica for 48 hours and then co-cultured with human placental mesenchymal stem cells for 24 hours.Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expression of α-smooth muscle actin and collagen type I in cells of each group.Western blot assay was used to detect the expressions of pulmonary fibrosis-related proteins and TGF-β1/Smad 3 signaling pathway-related proteins in cells of each group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)CCK-8 assay results suggested that 100 μg/mL silica was the best mass concentration and time to stimulate MRC-5 cells for 48 hours.(2)Immunofluorescence staining results showed that the expression of α-smooth muscle actin and collagen type I in the silica + human placental mesenchymal stem cell group was significantly lower than that in the silica group.(3)Western blot assay results showed that compared with the silica group,the protein expression levels of α-smooth muscle actin,collagen type I,N-cadherin,fibronectin,transforming growth factor-β1,p-Smad3,and Smad3 in the silica + human placental mesenchymal stem cell group were decreased,and the expression of E-cadherin was increased.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).(4)The results showed that human placental mesenchymal stem cells had a significant therapeutic effect on silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis.Human placental mesenchymal stem cells can inhibit the development of pulmonary fibrosis by regulating transforming growth factor-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway.
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Clinically,the condition of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction(HFrEF)is characterized by progressive decline of cardiac function,accompanied by repeated hospitalization,aggravation of symptoms,obvious deterioration of quality of life,and a huge economic burden on patients'family.And as time goes,therapeutic effect of drugs that used to improve prognosis gradually decrease.Even with the use of the most advanced medical measures,the mortality of patients remains rising.Clinically,HFrEF patients are more likely to occur intolerance to neurohormonal drugs,high request dose of diuretics and diuretic-resistant cardiorenal syndrome,thus neurohormonal activation may be a main determining factor of its progression.The present article reviews the disease progress mechanism and therapeutic program of HFrEF.
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Objective To design a medical order pre-evaluation tool for perioperative prophylactic application of antibiotics,and to improve the efficiency of antibiotics management in hospitals during the perioperative period.Methods Using the open-source software R as the platform,a web application was built with tidy verse and shiny package based on related documents and guidelines.The discharge records of Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College from April 1,2021,to December 31,2022,were retrospectively reviewed using the constructed pre-evaluation tool and compared with previous manual evaluation results using McNemar's Chi-squared test.Results This medical order pre-evaluation tool can quickly complete perioperative antibiotics order sampling,batch pre-evaluation,result statistics,visualization,and result output,and flexibly adjust the evaluation rules according to actual needs.The pre-evaluation tool is more efficient,with a review speed of 13.46 ms per medical record.Among the 2 642 discharge medical records of manual review,there was no significant difference between systematic pre-evaluation and manual evaluation results(ratio of prophylactic use:76.85%vs.78.21%)in terms of the type of use(preventive or curative)(P= 0.078).Among the 1 857 discharge records judged to be prophylactic for both manual and systematic reviews,the difference in unreasonable detection rate(39.90%vs.30.32%)was statistically significant(P＜0.001).Among the 63 typical ludicrous medical records confirmed by the review of clinical pharmacists with senior professional titles,60 were judged and limited by the pre-evaluation tool,and the detection rate of typical unreasonable was 95.24%.Conclusions The pre-evaluation tool based on R in this study can improve the efficiency of perioperative antibacterial drug evaluation.The evaluation conclusions and statistical results are reliable and are worthy of further development and application.
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Objective To investigate the expressions of 12 cytokines(IL-1β,IL-2,IL-4,IL-5,IL-6,IL-8,IL-10,IL-12p70,IL-17,IFN-α,IFN-γ,TNF-α)and procalcitonin in patients with infective endocarditis(IE).Methods Ten IE patients admitted to our hospital from December 2021 to December 2022 were included into the IE group,10 patients with non-infectious and non-rheumatic valvular diseases who were admitted to our hospital at the same period were randomly selected as the control group,and blood sampling of all patients were conducted at admission.The expressions of 12 cytokines and blood routine indexes were detected by flow cytometry,and the level of procalcitonin was detected by ELISA.The correlations among the expression levels of cytokines in IE patients were analyzed by Pearson method and the correlations of IL-8 level and white blood cell count with procalcitonin in IE patients were analyzed by Spearman method.Results Compared with the control group,the levels of cytokines of IL-1β,IL-2,IL-6,IL-10,TNF-α,IFN-α,IFN-γ and IL-12p70 in the IE group were significantly increased(P<0.05),the white blood cell count,neutrophil percentage and procalcitonin were significantly increased(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the percentage of monocytes between the two groups(P>0.05).IFN-α of IE patients was positively correlated with IL-2,TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-12p70,IL-2 was positively correlated with TNF-α and IL-1β,IL-12p70 was positively correlated with IFN-γ,and procalcitonin was significantly positively correlated with IL-8 and white blood cell count,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion The levels of IL-1β,IL-2,IL-6,IL-10,TNF-α,IFN-α,IFN-γ,IL-12p70 and procalcitonin in IE patients are significantly higher than those in the normal population,and the detections of these indicators are of guiding significance for the early diagnosis of IE and the evaluation of the severity of the disease.
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Stroke is one of the most serious complications of transcatheter aortic valve replacement(TAVR),tremendously increasing mortality and the loss of neurocognitive function.Since TAVR is expected to further spread into lower-risk patient groups,there will be greater emphasis to obviate such serious complications.One possible technique for preventing stroke is using cerebral embolic protection devices(CEPDs).CEPDs are designed for capturing or deflecting emboli that are enter route to the brain and hence to protect the brain from embolism.Since this is a rapidly growing field with recent advances,and the impact of CEPD on preventing neurological events is still limited,there is an urgent need for understanding the role of CEPD in preventing clinically significant strokes.Although their clinical utilization is increasing,the risk factors for stroke related to TAVR and evidence for using CEPDs are not yet clear.In this review,we present an overview of the available literature on TAVR related stroke and CEPD,and outline recent advances within this field.
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Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) combined with lower cervical fracture is often categorized into unstable fracture, with a high incidence of neurological injury and a high rate of disability and morbidity. As factors such as shoulder occlusion may affect the accuracy of X-ray imaging diagnosis, it is often easily misdiagnosed at the primary diagnosis. Non-operative treatment has complications such as bone nonunion and the possibility of secondary neurological damage, while the timing, access and choice of surgical treatment are still controversial. Currently, there are no clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of AS combined with lower cervical fracture with or without dislocation. To this end, the Spinal Trauma Group of Orthopedics Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized experts to formulate Clinical guidelines for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis combined with lower cervical fracture in adults ( version 2024) in accordance with the principles of evidence-based medicine, scientificity and practicality, in which 11 recommendations were put forward in terms of the diagnosis, imaging evaluation, typing and treatment, etc, to provide guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of AS combined with lower cervical fracture.
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Objective:To explore the inhibitory mechanism of herb cake-partitioned moxibustion on tumor growth in colitis-associated colorectal cancer(CAC)based on histone lysine demethylase 4D(KDM4D). Methods:Inbred male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal group,a CAC group,a herb cake-partitioned moxibustion group,and an inhibitor group.Except the normal group,rats in the other three groups were treated with azoxymethane(AOM)combined with dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)to make CAC rat models.Rats in the normal group and the CAC group did not receive interventions;rats in the herb cake-partitioned moxibustion group received moxibustion at Qihai(CV6)and bilateral Tianshu(ST25),2 cones for one point each time,once a day for 30 d with 1-day rest every week;rats in the inhibitor group received intraperitoneal injection of KDM4D inhibitor,5-chloro-8-hydroxyquinoline(5-c-8HQ),once a day for 30 d.After intervention,the general condition,colon length,tumor number and volume,and histopathological colon changes were observed.The expression of adenomatous polyposis coli(APC),axis inhibitor(Axin),cyclin D1,matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-7 and MMP-9 mRNAs were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.The proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA),cleaved caspase3,KDM4D,APC,and Axin proteins were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results:Compared with the normal group,the general condition was poor,the colon length was significantly shortened(P<0.01),the number and volume of colonic tumors were increased(P<0.01),the structure of glandular duct was obviously disordered with"back-to-back"and cowall phenomenon,and also high-grade adenocarcinoma formed;the protein expression levels of PCNA and KDM4D were significantly increased(P<0.01),while cleaved caspase3,APC,and Axin were significantly reduced(P<0.01);the mRNA expression levels of cyclin D1,MMP-7,and MMP-9 were significantly increased(P<0.01),while APC and Axin were significantly reduced(P<0.01)in the CAC group.Compared with the CAC group,the general condition was improved,the length of colon was significantly increased(P<0.01),the number and volume of the colonic tumors were reduced(P<0.05),and the colon tissues showed epithelial cell proliferation with enlarged and deep staining nuclei,dysplasia and inflammatory cell infiltration;the protein expression levels of PCNA and KDM4D were significantly reduced(P<0.01),while the cleaved caspase3,APC,and Axin were significantly increased(P<0.01);the mRNA expression levels of cyclin D1,MMP-7,and MMP-9 were reduced(P<0.05),while the APC and Axin were increased(P<0.05)in the colon tissues of rats in the herb cake-partitioned moxibustion group and the inhibitor group. Conclusion:Herb cake-partitioned moxibustion regulated abnormally expressed KDM4D in CAC rats,activated APC and Axin,the upstream molecules of Wnt/β-catenin pathway,inhibited abnormally activated downstream molecules of Wnt/β-catenin pathway.This may be a key mechanism of herb cake-partitioned moxibustion in inhibiting CAC tumor growth.
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Objective:To observe the effects of acupuncture and moxibustion on interleukin(IL)-9/IL-9 receptor(IL-9R)in the colon tissue of rats with ulcerative colitis(UC)and investigate the protective mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion on the intestinal mucosal barrier in UC rats. Methods:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal control(NC)group and a modeling group.UC models were prepared by giving 4%dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)water for 7 d.After the successful construction of the UC rat model,the modeling group was randomly divided into a UC group,a herb-insulated moxibustion(HM)group,and an electroacupuncture(EA)group.HM and EA interventions at bilateral Tianshu(ST25)were performed once a day for 7 d.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was used to observe the histopathological changes in the colon.The serum concentrations of IL-9,IL-6,IL-1β,and hemoglobin-H(HbH)were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The protein expression levels of IL-9,IL-9R,claudin-2,zonula occludens-1(ZO-1),and occludin in the colon tissue were measured by Western blotting or immuno-histochemistry.Immunofluorescence was used to detect the co-expression of PU.1 and CD4 with the IL-9 protein. Results:Compared with the NC group,the colon tissue of UC rats was severely damaged and ulcerated with congestion and edema,and the colonic histopathological score increased significantly(P<0.01).The serum HbH concentration decreased significantly(P<0.01),while the serum concentrations of IL-9,IL-6,and IL-1β increased(P<0.01).The protein expression of colonic ZO-1 and occludin decreased significantly(P<0.01),while the protein expression of colonic IL-9 and IL-9R increased(P<0.05).The positive co-expression levels of IL-9/PU.1 and IL-9/CD4 increased in the colon tissue(P<0.05).Compared with the UC group,the colonic mucosal structures were gradually repaired in both HM group and EA group,and healed ulcers could be observed,the colonic histopathological score decreased significantly(P<0.05).The serum concentration of HbH increased(P<0.01),while the serum concentrations of IL-9,IL-6,and IL-1β decreased(P<0.05).The protein expression levels of ZO-1 and occludin increased(P<0.05),while the protein expression levels of IL-9 and IL-9R decreased(P<0.01).The positive co-expression levels of IL-9/PU.1 and IL-9/CD4 decreased in the colon tissue(P<0.05). Conclusion:Both HM and EA can inhibit the protein expression levels of IL-9 and IL-9R in the UC colon by regulating the transcription factor PU.1,promote the repair of intestinal mucosal barrier,and down-regulate protein contents of proinflammatory factors IL-9,IL-6,and IL-1β in the serum,which may be one of the key mechanisms of acupuncture and moxibustion in reducing the inflammation of UC colonic mucosa and protecting the intestinal mucosal barrier.
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@# Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine +Advanced Search Home About Authors Subscribe Contact Us Hainan Medical University Press Archive > Volume Issue 4 > 2024(4):162-169. DOI:10.4103/apjtb.apjtb_852_23 Prev Next Ellagic acid inhibits gastric cancer cells by modulating oxidative stress and inducing apoptosis Jian Zheng Chun-Feng Li Article Metrics Preview PDF Reference Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the anticancer effect of ellagic acid on gastric cancer cells. Methods: MTT assay was used to evaluate the effect of ellagic acid at different concentrations (0.5-100 μg/mL) on gastric cancer AGS cells. RT-qPCR and Western blot analyses were applied to assess apoptosis (BCL-2, CASP-3, and BAX) and autophagy (LC3, ATG5, and BECN1) in AGS cells treated with ellagic acid. The expression of invasion-related markers including TP53, CDKN2A, and PTEN was determined. In addition, cell cycle markers including cyclin A, B, D, and E were measured by ELISA. Oxidative stress markers were evaluated using spectrophotometry. Results: Ellagic acid inhibited the proliferation of AGS cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The expression of BCL- 2 was significantly decreased (P<0.05) and CASP-3 and BAX were markedly increased (P<0.01) in AGS cells treated with ellagic acid. However, this compound induced no significant changes in the expression levels of LC3, ATG5, and BECN1 (P>0.05). Moreover, the oxidative stress markers including SOD, TAC, and MDA were increased by ellagic acid (P<0.01). Conclusions: Ellagic acid can inhibit cell proliferation, induce apoptosis, and modulate oxidative stress in AGS cells. However, further in vivo and molecular studies are needed to verify its anticancer efficacy.
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【Objective】 To explore the application value of transrectal contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) microangiography, elastography and conventional ultrasound-guided prostate cancer puncture biopsy in the diagnosis of prostate diseases, so as to provide reference for the early diagnosis of prostate cancer. 【Methods】 A total of 156 patients suspected of prostate cancer treated in our hospital during Jan.2021 and Dec.2022 were selected.The patients were divided into group A (n=52, conventional ultrasound), group B (n=49, elastography) and group C (n=55, CEUS microangiography) according to the puncture methods.The positive rate of puncture and diagnostic value of the three methods were analyzed. 【Results】 The positive rate of puncture was 24.18% in group B and 25.71% in group C, which was significantly higher than that in group A (13.15%, P<0.05).The diagnostic accuracy of prostate cancer was 93.88% in group B and 94.55% in group C, higher than that in group A (75.00%, P=0.002).In group B, the Emax and Emean of malignant lesions were (65.56±14.43) kPa and (59.59±11.02) kPa, respectively, which were higher than those of benign lesions (P<0.001).The difference in blood flow grade detected by CEUS microangiography was statistically significant between benign and malignant lesions, and grade 3 blood flow accounted for 95.65% of malignant lesions.The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of Emean in elastography in the diagnosis of prostate cancer was 0.810 (95%CI: 0.690-0.930, P<0.05).The AUC of CEUS microangiography in the diagnosis of prostate cancer was 0.965 (95%CI: 0.913-1.000, P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Compared with conventional ultrasound-guided prostate cancer puncture biopsy, CEUS microangiography and elastography guided prostate cancer puncture biopsy have better application value in the diagnosis of prostate diseases, which can provide semi-quantitative/quantitative parameter basis for the diagnosis of prostate diseases.
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The Ehlers-Danlos syndrome(EDS)is a rare inherent connective tissue disorder. The prevalence of EDS in the population is estimated at one out of ten thousand to one out of a hundred thousand. The vascular EDS(vEDS) are rare among the subtypes but are the worst in prognosis. The article reports a case of vEDS admitted to the hospital. The patient was a young man complaining of a sudden onset of aphasia in right hemiparalysis and severe left abdominal pain for unknown reasons. The diagnosis was made after the genetic testing. The patient suffered from vEDS. Then, the multi-disciplinary team(MDT)made a treatment plan tailored to this young patient. The complexity in classification and delusive presentations of the EDS make the correct diagnosis very challenging. This article hopes to report this case and to share the experiences to the better understanding of this disease.
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Objective @#To investigate the effects of DNA demethylation drugs combined with histone deacetylase inhibitors on fragile X mental retardation 1 neighbor protein (FMR1NB) expression and its promoter methylation in human oral cancer cells and try to find a strategy of weakening the heterogeneity of FMR1NB expression .@*Methods@#Human oral cancer cell lines C al27 and SCC⁃9 were treated with decitabine (DAC) , an inhibitor of DNA methyltransferase , combined with trichostatin A ( TSA) and valproic acid ( VPA) , inhibitors of histone deacetylase . Then reverse transcription⁃polymerase chain reaction ( RT⁃PCR) , quantitative real ⁃time PCR ( qRT⁃PCR) and Western blot were used to detect the expression of FMR1NB and pyrosequencing was used to detect the methylation of FMR1NB promoter. @*Results @#Compared with the blank control group , DAC and its combination with TSA and VPA significantly induced the expression of FMR1NB mRNA and protein in C al27 and SCC⁃9 cells . Compared with DAC alone group , FMR1NB mRNA expression of each DAC⁃combined drug groups significantly increased , but FMR1NB protein did not significantly change in C al27 cells; for SCC⁃9 cells , except for DAC + TSA group , the mRNA and protein levels of FMR1NB significantly increased in all other groups . In addition , there was no significant difference in the expression of FMR1NB mRNA and protein between the three⁃combined drugs group and two-combined drugs groups . Further methylation assay showed that the methylation level of the overall FMR1NB promoter and its each CpG site measured were reduced to varying degrees in all treatment groups except for three⁃combination drug group of SCC⁃9 .@*Conclusion @#DAC and its combination with TSA and VPA can enhance the expression of FMR1NB by mediating the demethylation of FMR1NB promoter , wherein the enhanced expression effect of the combination of the two drugs is stronger , suggesting that they have the potential to weaken the heterogeneity of FMR1NB expression and improve the immunotherapy effect of oral cancer.
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【Objective】 To correctly identify the blood group of ABO and study its molecular biological characteristics. 【Methods】 Blood samples from blood donors with discrepancies in forward and reverse typing using the microplate method were subjected to both saline tube agglutination test for serological identification and polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP) for genotyping. Additionally, direct sequencing of exons 1 to 7 of the ABO gene was performed on some donor samples to analyze their blood phenotype, genotype and gene sequence. 【Results】 For 256 samples showing discrepancy between forward and reverse typing in microwell method, 119 were identified as normal ABO blood types, 90 were weakened ABO antibodies and 47 were ABO subtypes by serology tube test. According to the PCR-SSP genotyping test, 233 of 256 (91.02%) were consistent with serological phenotype and genotype, 17 of 256 (6.64%) were inconsistent, and 6 samples can′t read genotype based on the kit result typing table.A total of 17 genotypes were identified in 250 samples as AO1 in 56, AO2 in 58, AA in 50, BO1 in 31, BO2 in 17, BB in 8, O1O1 in 2, O1O2 in 7, AB in 13, AO4 in 1, A205O2 in 1, A205A in 1, A201A in 1, O1O4 in 1, O2O2 in 1, A201B in 1 and A205B in 1. Sequencing of exons 1 to 7 of the ABO gene was carried out in 78 samples, and 29 ABO alleles were detected, seven of which were common alleles (*A101, *A102, *A104, *B101, *O01, *O02, *O04), 22 of which were rare alleles (*A201, *A205, *Ax01, *Ax03, *Ax13, *Ax19, *Ax22, *Ael10, *B305, *Bel03, *Bel06/*Bx02, *Bw07, *Bw12, *Bw17, *Bw37, *O05, *O26, *O61, *B(A)04, *B(A)07, *cisAB01 and *cisAB01var). In addition, six rare allele mutation sites were identified (c.101A>G; c. 103_106delG; c. 146_147insGC; c. 259G>T; c. 322C>T; c. 932T>C). 【Conclusion】 The identification of ambiguous ABO blood group requires the combination of serological testing and molecular biological examination to correctly identify the blood type and ensure the safety of clinical blood transfusion.
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Cardiovascular diseases are preventable and controllable, and the disease burden caused by them can be reduced after preventive intervention. Attentions should be paid to the prevention of disease causes. For high-risk population, it is necessary to conduct early screening of cardiovascular diseases, control risk factors, reduce exposure level, prevent and control the occurrence or progression of diseases. Clinical prevention services are to evaluate risk factors of health in clinical sites, which can prevent diseases by personalized intervention measures. Clinical prevention services for high-risk population with cardiovascular diseases are generally at a low level in China. This article reviews the early screening, risk factors and clinical prevention services for high-risk population with cardiovascular diseases.