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Objective@#To investigate the molecular transmission network characteristics of HIV-1 among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide insights into AIDS prevention and control among MSM.@*Methods@#Newly reported HIV/AIDS cases among MSM in Shaoxing City were selected from January 2021 to September 2023. Plasma samples before the antiviral treatment were collected. The HIV-1 pol gene was amplified using reverse transcription PCR and nested PCR to construct phylogenetic trees for gene subtype analysis. The HIV-TRACE method was used to construct a molecular transmission network with a genetic distance of 1.5% to analyze clustering and the characteristics of cases within molecular clusters.@*Results@#A total of 216 HIV/AIDS cases among MSM were included, and 179 qualified sequences were obtained. The predominant HIV-1 subtypes were CRF07_BC and CRF01_AE, with 95 and 66 cases, respectively. At 1.5% genetic distance, 20 molecular clusters were formed, with 61 nodes and 58 edges. A total of 61 sequences were connected to the transmission network (34.08%). HIV/AIDS cases among MSM from all the counties (cities, districts) in Shaoxing City were included in the network. There was the largest molecular cluster with ≥10 nodes, involving 12 cases from five counties (cities, districts), 3 medium-sized molecular clusters with 4 to 5 nodes, and the 16 small-sized molecular clusters with 2 or 3 nodes. Seven cases with high risk of transmission, each with ≥4 edges, were all CRF07_BC subtypes. Among them, two cases were from the large molecular cluster, and five cases were from the same molecular cluster composed of cases from Shengzhou City and Xinchang County.@*Conclusions@#The predominant HIV-1 subtypes among MSM in Shaoxing City were CRF07_BC and CRF01_AE. There was cross-regional HIV transmission, and potential transmission risk might exist in Shengzhou City and Xinchang County.
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@#Abstract: Objective To analyze the phenotype and drug resistance of Robinsoniella peoriensis strains isolated from the blood of patients with prostate cancer and to learn the epidemiological characteristics of the strains. Methods Culture medium growth characteristics analysis, Gram staining, VITEK MS mass spectrometry identification, in vitro drug susceptibility test, 16S rRNA gene sequencing were performed on the strains, and case summary analysis, historical drug sensitivity results comparison and phylogenetic tree construction were carried out. Results Four of the repeatability tests of mass spectrometry identification were R. peoriensis, and the identification accuracy was 99.9%, which was the first time that mass spectrometry analysis in China accurately detected this strain. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing confirmed that the strain was R. peoriensis, and GenBank accession number is OL826796. There are currently 18 cases of R. peoriensis related to human infection in the world, mainly including bloodstream infection, prosthetic joint infection, and postoperative wound infection. The homology of OL826796 in this case with HGUE-09/943 (GU322806.1) isolated in Spanish was 99.58%; in vitro drug susceptibility showed that OL826796 was resistant to penicillin and clindamycin, and sensitive to vancomycin, imipenem, tetracycline and metronidazole. Statistical analysis of drug susceptibility of 18 cases found that R. peoriensis could be tested for drug susceptibility by E-test method: penicillin 100% (7/7), clindamycin 70% (7/10), ampenem 0% (0/4), metronidazole 0% (0/9), meropenem 0% (0/4), vancomycin 0% (0/3). Conclusion R. peoriensis is a rare anaerobic-positive bacillus. When sterile site infection occurs, attention should be paid to timely communication with clinical reports, and penicillin and clindamycin should be used cautiously to fight infection, so as to improve the cure rate of postoperative immunocompromised patients.
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Vertical single-walled carbon nanotubes (v-SWCNTs) array was constructed on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by electrochemical method of electro-cyclic voltammetry (CV method).The synthesized electrode was very stable and was not easy to fall off.Via the amino groups of ethylenediamine (Ethylenediamine,EDA) and the carboxyl group of carboxylated carbon nanotubes,the SWCNTs were ordered to grow steadily on GCE(v-SWCNTs/EDA/GCE).The modified electrode was used to detect hydrochloric acid clenbuterol (CLE).The experimental results showed that the regular link of carbon nanotubes on GCE improved its utilization efficiency.The detection sensitivity of clenbuterol was 16.1 times higher than that of the bare GCE.Due to electron accelerating effect and nanometer effect of SWCNTs,the carboxyl peak current of SWCNTs was increased with the added CLE.The carboxyl peak current of SWCNTs had a good linear relationship with CLE concentration in the range of 10-120 ng/mL.The method was successfully applied to the determination of CLE in real urine samples with good recoveries.Also v-SWCNTs/EDA/GCE could be used as a new highly sensitive electrochemical sensor for CLE detection.
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Objective To explore the effect of Notch1 signal pathway on the osteogenic differentiation in human periodontal ligament stem cells(PDLSCs) under dynamic strain.Methods PDLSCs were separated from freshly extracted teeth then identified and prolifed.Notch1 signal pathway was regulated by chemicals.Dynamic strains were applied to PDLSCs with the tension plus system.Then Notch1 signal pathway key factor Notch intracellular domain(NICD),osteoblastic related indexes alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and bone morphogenetic proteins 2 (BMP2) were detected by western blot expression.The deformation rate of stress parameters was 0 to 12%,and the frequency was 0.1 Hz.The loading time was 0 h,6 h,12 h and 24 h.Results As Notch1 signal pathway was activated,the expression of osteogenic markers ALP and BMP2 both reduced (P<0.05).On the contrary, the expression of osteogenic markers ALP and BMP2 both increased obviously (P<0.05) as Notch1 signal pathway was inhibited.Conclusion The activated Notch1 signal pathway will inhibit osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs under dynamic tensile.
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Objective To investigate the effect of β-catenin on the osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) under mechanical tension.Methods PDLSCs were seperately cultured in vitro from the periodontium attached at freshly extracted teeth.β-catenin-targeting agonist or inhibitor was applied to the PDLSCs to upregulate or downregulate the expression of activity of β-catenin protein.The expression of β-catenin protein and the osteogenetic related markers(ALP,BMP2,Runx 2) under the mechanical tension with different period(0,6,12,24 h) were assessed with Western blot in the PDLSCs irritated with agonist or inhibitor.Results Compared with the PDLSCs without mechanical tension,the expression of osteogenesis related marker proteins,ALP and Runx 2,in PDLSCs were enhanced under the circular mechanial tensile stress (P ＜ 0.05).In the PDLSCs irritated with WAY-262611,the β-catenin-targeting agonist,the expression of osteogenetic related markers ALP in the PDLSCs was improved during the first 12 h period of mechnical tensile load,which was significantly higher than that in the DMSO group.Conclusion Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays an important role in the early osteogenesis differentiation of PDLSCs under cyclic tension.The β-catenin promotes osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs under mechanical tension.
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OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the detection accuracy of the biomarkers dickkopf-1, DCP and AFP as a serum biomarker panel by comparing the sensitivity of the panel with those of the individual biomarkers.@*METHODS@#The study was composed of three groups, one with HCC patients, one with non-HCC liver diseases and one with healthy controls. Serum AFP was measured using a chemiluminescence assay and serum dickkopf-1 and DCP were measured with ELISA. The sensitivity and specificity of the biomarkers were analyzed as single parameters and as a serum panel.@*RESULTS@#The HCC group showed higher levels of dickkopf-1, DCP and AFP than the other two groups (P 0.05). The combination of the biomarkers as a serum panel produced much better sensitivity (93.02%) and specificity (78.00%) than each of the markers individually (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The combination of AFP, DCP and dickkopf-1 as a biomarker panel can significantly improve the detection power with much higher sensitivity and specificity for HCC than any of the biomarkers alone. The tests are convenient and inexpensive, and may serve as a valuable addition to current options for the diagnosis of HCC.
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Objective To evaluate the detection accuracy of the biomarkers dickkopf-1, DCP and AFP as a serum biomarker panel by comparing the sensitivity of the panel with those of the individual biomarkers. Methods The study was composed of three groups, one with HCC patients, one with non-HCC liver diseases and one with healthy controls. Serum AFP was measured using a chemiluminescence assay and serum dickkopf-1 and DCP were measured with ELISA. The sensitivity and specificity of the biomarkers were analyzed as single parameters and as a serum panel. Results The HCC group showed higher levels of dickkopf-1, DCP and AFP than the other two groups (P 0.05). The combination of the biomarkers as a serum panel produced much better sensitivity (93.02%) and specificity (78.00%) than each of the markers individually (P < 0.05). Conclusion The combination of AFP, DCP and dickkopf-1 as a biomarker panel can significantly improve the detection power with much higher sensitivity and specificity for HCC than any of the biomarkers alone. The tests are convenient and inexpensive, and may serve as a valuable addition to current options for the diagnosis of HCC.
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Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of entecavir and adefovir dipivoxil in the treatment of decompensated cirrhosis with hepatitis B virus. Methods 100 cases of decompensated cirrhosis of hepatitis B in our hospital (February 2015 to October 2016) were randomly divided into control group and experimental group, each with 50 cases. The control group was treated with adefovir dipivoxil, and the experimental group was treated with entecavir and adefovir dipivoxil. The clinical symptoms of the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results After treatment, the level of ALT in the experimental group was (46.20±3.21) U/L, and the level of AST was (52.40±3.90) U/L.The level of ALT in the control group was (70.43±10.90) U/L, and the level of AST was (70.33±9.19)U/L, and the two groups had statistical significance (P＜0.05). The negative rate of HBV-DNA in the experimental group was 76.0%, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (58.0%), and there was statistical difference (P＜0.05). The negative rate of HBeAg in the two groups was 22.0% and 24.0% respectively, and there was no significant difference. Conclusion Entecavir and adefovir dipivoxil in the treatment of hepatitis B liver cirrhosis patients clinical effect is ideal,can significantly improve the liver function, improve clinical symptoms, high safety, has clinical significance.
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Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of entecavir and adefovir dipivoxil in the treatment of decompensated cirrhosis with hepatitis B virus. Methods 100 cases of decompensated cirrhosis of hepatitis B in our hospital (February 2015 to October 2016) were randomly divided into control group and experimental group, each with 50 cases. The control group was treated with adefovir dipivoxil, and the experimental group was treated with entecavir and adefovir dipivoxil. The clinical symptoms of the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results After treatment, the level of ALT in the experimental group was (46.20±3.21) U/L, and the level of AST was (52.40±3.90) U/L.The level of ALT in the control group was (70.43±10.90) U/L, and the level of AST was (70.33±9.19)U/L, and the two groups had statistical significance (P＜0.05). The negative rate of HBV-DNA in the experimental group was 76.0%, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (58.0%), and there was statistical difference (P＜0.05). The negative rate of HBeAg in the two groups was 22.0% and 24.0% respectively, and there was no significant difference. Conclusion Entecavir and adefovir dipivoxil in the treatment of hepatitis B liver cirrhosis patients clinical effect is ideal,can significantly improve the liver function, improve clinical symptoms, high safety, has clinical significance.
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Chemical constituents of 95% ethanol extract of the dried persistent calyx of Physalis pubescens were investigated. By chromatography on a silica gel column and reverse-phase preparative HPLC, 10 compounds were isolated from the dichloromethane fraction. Based on the MS and 1D/2D NMR data, these compounds were identified as 5-O-(E-feruloyl) blumenol (1), isovanillin (2), (E) -ethyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) acrylate (3), 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde(4), 4-methylphenol (5), (E) -methyl cinnamate (6), 7,3',4' trimethoxyquercetin (7), 5,3', 5'-trihydroxy-3,7,4'-trimethoxyflavone(8), danielone (9), and 5,5'-diisobutoxy-2,2'-bifuran (10).
Subject(s)
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , Molecular Structure , Physalis , Chemistry , Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray IonizationABSTRACT
Welder's siderosis was traditionally described as "benign pneumoconiosis" because of the absence of associated symptoms, functional impairment or pulmonary fibrosis. Although several authors have reported evidence of fibrosis in the lungs of welders, siderosis with local massive fibrosis has been rarely described. In this paper, we present a case of Welder's siderosis with local massive fibrosis mimicking lung cancer.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Fibrosis , Diagnosis , Diagnostic Imaging , Radiography , Siderosis , Diagnosis , Diagnostic ImagingABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a serious lung complication in polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM) which affects prognosis and requires a more aggressive approach in therapy. This study investigated the prevalence, characteristics, predictive factors and unfavourable prognostic factors of ILD in newly diagnosed PM, DM and amyopathic DM (ADM).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2000 to December 2008, the medical records of 197 consecutive PM and DM patients at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University were reviewed excluding overlapping, juvenile, and malignancy-associated cases. The patients were assigned to an ILD (69 patients) and a non-ILD group (128 patients). The clinical features, laboratory findings, and prognosis were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The multivariate analysis indicated that older age at onset (OR 1.033, 95%CI 1.009 - 1.058, P = 0.007), fever (OR 4.109, 95%CI 1.926 - 8.767, P < 0.001) and arthritis/arthralgia (OR 2.274, 95%CI 1.101 - 4.695, P = 0.026) were the independent predictive factors for developing ILD in PM/DM after excluding anti-Jo-1. Regarding anti-Jo-1, fever (OR 4.912, 95%CI 2.121 - 11.376, P < 0.001) was associated with ILD. Poor survival in ILD patients was associated with ILD clinical subset (RR 0.122, 95%CI 0.049 - 0.399, P < 0.001), ADM/DM/PM-ILD (RR 0.140, 95%CI 0.031 - 0.476, P = 0.002), cardiac involvement (RR 4.654, 95%CI 1.391 - 15.577, P = 0.013) and serum albumin level (RR 0.910, 95%CI 0.831 - 0.997, P = 0.042).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Patients who presented with fever tended to have a higher frequency of PM/DM-associated ILD. A Hamman-Rich-like presentation, ADM-ILD, cardiac involvement and hypoalbuminemia were poor prognostic factors in ILD-PM/DM.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Dermatomyositis , Logistic Models , Lung Diseases, Interstitial , Mortality , Polymyositis , Prognosis , Proportional Hazards Models , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Skin lesions are common manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). It is still unknown what the definite pathogenesis of skin involvement was and whether DNA participated in it. Our study was designed to explore the pathogenetic role and nature of nuclear antigen (DNA) deposited in the skin lesions of patients with SLE.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty skin samples from patients with SLE and 2 normal skin samples were studied. Extracellular DNA was evaluated by indirect immunofluorescence methods. The deposited immune complexes were extracted by cryoprecipitation, and DNA was then isolated with phenol and chloroform. DNA fragment sizes were detected by agarose gel electrophoresis. Finally, 8 different probes were used to analyze the origin of these DNA molecules using Dot hybridization.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Extracellular DNA staining was found only in skin lesions, mainly those located in the basement membrane zone, vascular wall, and hair follicle wall. Normal skin and non-lesion SLE skin showed no fluorescence at locations outside the nuclei. There were no differences in the rate and intensity of extracellular DNA staining when comparing active phase to remission phase patients. No relationship was found between extracellular DNA and circulating anti-dsDNA antibodies. Deposited DNA fragments clustered into four bands of somewhat discrete sizes: 20 000 bp, 1300 bp, 800-900 bp, 100-200 bp. Small sized fragments (100-200 bp) were positively correlated with disease activity (P < 0.05, r = 0.407). Dot hybridization showed significant homology of the various extracellular DNA fragments examined with human genomic DNA, but not with DNA from the microorganisms and viruses we examined. There were also homologies between DNA samples from different individuals.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>DNA and its immune complexes may contribute to the pathogenesis of skin lesions in SLE. These DNA molecules range in size from 100 bp to 20 kb and may be endogenous in origin.</p>