Double-mutated oncolytic adenovirus combined with gemcitabine for treating an orthotopic nude mouse model of bladder cancer / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of double-mutated oncolytic adenovirus AxdAdB-3 in combination with gemcitabine for treating bladder cancer in an orthotopic nude mouse model.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The susceptibility to the adenovirus was evaluated in bladder cancer cell lines YTS-1, T24, 5637 and KK47, and normal cell lines HCV29 and WI38. The cells were infected with AxCAlacZ and stained with 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-β-galactoside (X-Gal). Immunostaining against adenoviral hexon protein was performed to determine the selective replication of AxdAdB-3 in the cancer cells. Flow cytometry was used to determine the YTS-1 cells in S phase of cell cycle after adenovirus infection. Cell viability after AxdAdB-3 and/or gemcitabine was measured by CCK-8 assay. Orthotopic bladder cancer model was established in nude mice, and the inhibitory efficacy of intravesical instillation therapy with AxdAdB-3 or/and gemcitabine was assessed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Gene transduction efficiency was different among the cell lines, and correlated with expression of CAR. 5637 and KK47 cells with high expression of CAR were more susceptible to the adenovirus, whereas YTS-1 and T24 cells with little CAR expression were resistant to adenoviral infection. Immunostaining showed that the expression levels of hexon protein varied among the cell lines. Normal cells infected with AxdAdB-3 expressed little hexon protein. The proportion of S-phase cells was (39 ± 3) % and (49 ± 5) % in the AxCAlacZ- and AxdAdB-3-infected bladder cancer cells, respectively. AxdAdB-3 effectively induced S-phase entry of cell cycle (P < 0.05). AxdAdB-3 combined with gemcitabine significantly inhibited the growth of bladder cancer cell lines. In vivo, the mean weight of the bladder tumors in mice treated with intravesical instillation of AxCAlacZ, gemcitabine, AxdAdB-3, and AxdAdB-3 + gemcitabine were 400.6, 126.4, 82. 0, 40.4 mg, respectively. Either AxdAdB-3 (P < 0.0001) and gemcitabine (P < 0.0001) suppressed the tumor growth in nude mice, and the combination therapy reduced tumors more effectively than either AxdAdB-3 (P < 0.0001) or gemcitabine (P < 0.0001) alone.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Intravesical instillation therapy with AxdAdB-3 in combination with gemcitabine can effectively inhibit the orthotopic bladder cancer in nude mouse, and further relevant clinical studies are guaranteed.</p>

Type V phosphodiesterase inhibitor erection-provoking test with audio-visual sexual stimulation for the diagnosis of erectile dysfunction / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the type V phosphodiesterase (PDE-5) inhibitor erection-provoking test with audio-visual sexual stimulation in the diagnosis of erectile dysfunction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 853 out-patients diagnosed with erectile dysfunction were divided into an injury and a non-injury group. After scored on IIEF-5 questionnaires, all the patients received oral administration of PDE-5 inhibitors and, 30 minutes later, audio-visual sexual stimulation. The data on penile erection were recorded with Rigiscan Plus.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The patients with mild, moderate and severe ED accounted for 18.8, 31.9 and 49.3% in the injury group, and 50.6, 39.8 and 9.6% in the non-injury group, with statistic differences between the two groups in the mild and severe parts (P < 0.05). The rates of conspicuous effectiveness, effectiveness, ineffectiveness and total effectiveness of the combined method were 13.0, 14.5, 72.5 and 27.5% in the injury group, but 55.7, 20.7, 23.6 and 76.4% in the non-injury group, with significant differences (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The PDE-5 inhibitor erection-provoking test with audio-visual sexual stimulation is a simple, practical, safe and effective method for the differentiation of organic from psychological erectile dysfunction.</p>

Deep sarcoma of the penis: a report of 2 cases and review of the literature / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of deep sarcoma of the penis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The pathological and clinical data of 2 cases of deep sarcoma of the penis were analyzed retrospectively and the literature reviewed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Both of the cases were treated by total penectomy. Epithelioid angiosarcoma of the penis was confirmed by postoperative pathology in one patient, who died of pulmonary metastasis in the eighth month after the operation; and epithelioid sarcoma of the penis was confirmed in the other, who died of brain metastasis in the second month after the operation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Deep sarcoma of the penis is rare but can be diagnosed pathologically. Total penectomy is the main option for its treatment. Node dissection, with poor prognosis, is not recommended unless adenopathy is palpable.</p>

Surgical treatment of a rare case of penile squamous cell carcinoma in a 65-year-old man / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Penile squamous cell carcinoma has been commonly reported in the past decades. We describe a rare case of a huge squamous cell carcinoma of the penis in a 65-year-old patient with a 4-year history of tumor growth, for which total penectomy, perineal urethrostomy and bilateral inguinal lymphadenectomy were carried out. We suggest that aggressive surgical intervention should be recommended for those with well-differentiated penile carcinoma regardless of the size of the tumor.

Observation of safety and efficacy of tadalafil for men with erectile dysfunction / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the safety and efficacy of tadalafil in the treatment of erectile dysfunction in clinical research.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty patients with ED, before and after 20 mg tadalafil administered orally, received respectively the rigiscan examination with aural and visual sexual stimulation at the same time, and then Bphallic circumference variation, stiffness index, duration were compared before and after the treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Phallic stiffness index, duration revealed a statistically (P < 0.05) obvious improvement before and after the treatment for all patients. A significant difference (P < 0.01) on the phallic stiffness index, duration were found between the patients with psychogenic ED and others with organic or mixed ED after the treatment. Overall satisfaction with tadalafil was 82.5%. There was an obvious difference on the curative rates between the patients with psychogenic ED (92.3%) and others with organic ED (68.7%) or mixed ED (58.3%). All adverse events (11 cases of headache and dizziness, 8 cases of digestive canal unwell, 5 cases of flushing, 2 cases of back muscle pain) associated with tadalafil were mild and recovered without any treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Tadalafil improves erectile function significantly in most patients. Adverse reactions are generally transient and mild to moderate in nature.</p>