ABSTRACT
Background: placenta adhesive disorder [PAD] is one of the most common causes of postpartum hemorrhage and peripartum hysterectomy. The main risk factors are placenta previa and prior uterine surgery such as cesarean section. Diagnosis of placenta adhesive disorders can lead to a decrease of maternal mortality and morbidities
Objective: the purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of color Doppler ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] in the diagnosis of PADs
Materials and Methods: in this is cross-sectional study, Eighty-two pregnant women who were high risk for PAD underwent color Doppler ultrasound and MRI after 18 weeks of gestation. The sonographic and MRI findings were compared with the final pathologic or clinical findings. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant
Results: mean maternal age was 31.42+/-4.2 years. The average gravidity was third pregnancy. 46% of patients had placenta previa. The history of the previous cesarean section was seen in 79 cases [96%]. The diagnosis of placenta adhesive disorder was found in 17 cases [21%]. Doppler sonography sensitivity was 87% and MRI sensitivity was 76% [p=0.37]. Doppler sonography specificity was 63% and MRI specificity was 83% [p=0.01]
Conclusion: women with high-risk factors for PAD should undergo Doppler ultrasonography at first. When results on Doppler sonography are equivocal for PAD, MRI can be performed due to its high specificity
ABSTRACT
Magnetic resonance imaging is an exclusive imaging method which can distinguish injured tissues from the healthy tissues or organs without using ionizing radiation. Magnetic resonance imaging is able to provide quantitative data regarding the anatomical and physiological features of each specific organ. Magnetic resonance imaging is a non-invasive method, but contrast agents are necessary to enhance the visualization of inaccessible organs in some organs such as gastrointestinal [GI] imaging. Various types of contrast agents have been used in studies including intravascular administration and oral materials. Oral contrast agents can be the artificial materials or natural factors. Natural contrast agents consist of fruit juice or pulps. Some advantages have been reported regarding the natural types of contrast agents over the artificial agents including better taste and tolerability. We briefly reviewed the different types of contrast agents and focused on the studies in which natural oral contrast agents used to investigate their efficacy in increasing the gastrointestinal magnetic resonance imaging clarity