ABSTRACT
Malnutrition is one of the most important health issues in developing countries, which might have adverse effects on the physical and intellectual health of children. The search process was started to find Persian and English articles published until September 2017 regarding the prevalence of malnutrition in children under the age of six in Iran using national and international databases including SID, Magiran, Irandoc, IranMedex, PubMed, Medline, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science. The data were analyzed using meta-analysis methods and the random effects model. The heterogeneity of studies was analyzed using the I² index. The data were analyzed using R and STATA software (ver. 11.2). Twenty seven articles conducted from 2002 to 2016 were collected to be included in the meta-analysis process. The total sample size was 161,941 patients in an age range of 0-6 years. The final estimate of the prevalence of different forms of malnutrition through meta-analysis of data extracted from studies in Iran was as follows: severe underweight (1%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1–1), moderate underweight (6%; 95% CI, 5–7), mild underweight (25%; 95% CI, 21–28), severe short stature (3%; 95% CI, 2–3), moderate short stature (8%; 95% CI, 6–9), mild short stature (21%; 95% CI, 17–24), severe slimness (1%; 95% CI, 1–1), moderate slimness (5%; 95% CI, 4–5) and mild slimness (20%; 95% CI, 17–24). Considering that the prevalence of malnutrition is relatively high in Iran, health authorities should plan to improve the nutritional status of children.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Child Nutrition Disorders , Developing Countries , Growth Disorders , Iran , Malnutrition , Nutritional Status , Population Characteristics , Prevalence , Sample Size , Sudden Infant Death , Thinness , Weight LossABSTRACT
Background: Uncontrolled increase of C-section is one of the major problems in Iranian health system, such that C-section is the most common surgical procedure in the entire country's hospitals in Obstetrics and Gynecology sections. A variety of complications also come along with cesarean
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, causes, and complications of cesarean in Iran
Materials and Methods: forty-one articles were considered with respect to certain criteria and were included in a systematic review to perform a meta-analysis study. The systematic review's search was conducted on SID, Iranmedx, Magiran, Medlib, PubMed, and Science Direct databases published between1999-2016. The weight of each included study was calculated according to its sample size and the reported prevalence of binomial distribution. A random-effects model using R and STATA [Version 11.2] software was utilized for analyzing data
Results: The total number of the sample was 197514 pregnant women with a mean age of 26.72 yr. The prevalence of cesarean in Iran was estimated at 48%. The main reasons for the prevalence of cesarean in this study were mothers' higher education, previous cesarean, and doctor recommendation. The most frequent complication in women undergoing cesarean was the muscular pain, and the most common fetal complications in newborns by caesarean delivery was transient tachypnea
Conclusion:The prevalence of C-section in Iran is much higher than what WHO recommends. It is essential, to decrease such a phenomenon, making the mothers aware of the risks of cesarean delivery, and establishing counselling sessions as well to eliminate the mothers' fear of vaginal delivery
ABSTRACT
Statement of the Problem: Periodontal diseases are complex oral diseases charac-terized by bacterial-induced inflammatory destruction of tooth-supporting tissues. Porphyromonas gingivalis [P. gingivalis] is a common gram-negative anaerobic oral bacteria strongly associated with periodontal disease
Purpose: The present study was conducted to estimate prevalence of P. gingivalis in patients with periodontal diseases by using meta-analysis method
Martials and Method: Different databases including PubMed, EmBase, Scopus, the Institute for Scientific Information [ISI] Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched to identify original English-language studies addressing prevalence of P. gingivalis in periodontal diseases up to December 2014. The ran-dom effects model was applied in the meta-analysis and the heterogeneity between studies was assessed using a Cochran test and the I2 index. Funnel plots and Egger test were used to examine publication bias. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA version 12
Results: Forty-two eligible studies published during 1993- 2016 were selected for meta-analysis. Considering all the included studies, the total sample size was 5,884 individuals containing 2,576 healthy people with a mean age of 37.21+/-7.45 years and 3,308 periodontal patients with a mean age of 44.16+/-8.35 years. Overall, the prevalence of P. gingivalis was 78% [95% CI: 74-81] in periodontal diseases group and 34% [95% CI: 26-41] in healthy individuals. There was a significantly higher prevalence of P.gingivalis in individuals with periodontal diseases compared to healthy subjects [78% versus 34%, respectively]
Conclusion: This study indicates that P. gingivalis is highly present in subjects with periodontal diseases and it also appears in periodontally healthy people, alt-hough to a lesser extent. Thus, the presence of P. gingivalis increases the chance of periodontal disease and it can be considered as a main potential risk factor
ABSTRACT
Background and Aim: Hypothyroidism is one of the most common endocrine complications in the patients with Beta thalassemia major. A simple review of the studies shows different prevalence rates of hypothyroidism in the patients with Beta thalassemia major in Iran. This meta-analysis study was performed to evaluate the prevalence of hypothyroidism in the patients with Beta thalassemia major in Iran
Material and Methods: Using standard key words, we obtained the data from Magiran, Iran medex, IranDoc, SID, Medlib databases and also international databases including Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar without any time limit up to December 2015. Statistical analyses were performed using random effects model by Stata Ver.11.1
Results: We evaluated 4851 patients who had participated in 27 eligible studies [23 articles and 4 thesis]. Prevalence of hypothyroidism in the patients with thalassemia major in Iran was estimated as 5.7 % [95% CI:, 4.7-6.8]. The prevalence of the overt and subclinical hypothyroidism in the patients were 3.1 % [95% CI:, 4.1-4.8] and 6.7 % [95% CI:, 3.3- 10], respectively. The highest prevalence of hypothyroidism belonged to the north of Iran [15%]
Conclusion: We found similar prevalence rates of hypothyroidism in Iran and other reports provided by scientific resources [5-7%]. Therefore, we recommend annual performance of thyroid function tests for these patients
ABSTRACT
Esophageal cancer is often diagnosed in the last stages where the chance of patient's survival is very low. The aim of this systematic review was presentation of valid estimation of survival in patients with esophageal cancer in different regions of Iran. A systematic review was carried out based on the reliable domestic medical databases including: SID, Magiran, Irandoc and Iranmedex as well as reliable foreign databases like PubMed and Scopus using "Cancer", "Esophagus", "survival" "Neoplasms" and "Longevity" as keywords. Then all the reviewed articles and dissertations which met the entry criteria were analyzed. The data were analyzed by using meta-analysis method [random model] and by means of STATA software application version 11.1. In 18 studies the total numbers of 2932 people were analyzed. The one year survival rate in Iran is estimated at 47 percent [95% CI: 34-61] and the five year survival rate is estimated at 12% [95% CI: 8-16]. The two, three and four year survival rates were 31% [95% CI: 18-44], 22% [95% CI: 13-31] and 21% [95% CI: 4-38], respectively. According to the findings one year survival rate for esophageal cancer in Iran is almost four times higher than its five year survival rate. Moreover the five year survival rate in Iran is less than many other countries