Sequencing and Proteomic Analysis of Exosomes from Apheresis Platelets in Different Storage Periods / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the changes of gene sequencing and proteomics of apheresis platelet (AP) exosomes in different storage periods and predict the function of AP exosomes in different storage periods.@*METHODS@#Platelets at different storage periods of 0 day (D0), 3 day (D3) and 5 day (D5) were collected, exosomes were extracted with Gradient centrifugation; gene sequencing and proteomic analysis were used to analyze the exosomes, and biological functions of platelet exosomes were analyzed and predicted by bioinformatics. Liquid mass spectrometry (LMS) was used to detect the changes and function prediction of exosomes proteins. The small RNA sequencing library was prepared, and the constructed library was sequenced and bioinformatics technology was used for data analysis.@*RESULTS@#AP exosome iTRAQ protein analysis showed that AP exosomes stored in D3 with 55 up-regulated proteins and 94 down-regulated proteins (P<0.05, FC<0.83 or FC>1.2), while AP exosomes stored in D5 with 292 up-regulated proteins and 53 down-regulated proteins (P<0.05, FC<0.83 or FC>1.2) as compared with D0. KEGG pathway analysis showed that the proteins were mainly involved in transport and metabolism, immune system, cancer, membrane transport and other processes. There were statistically significant differences between AP exosome miRNAs in different storage days (P<0.01). The number of miRNA up-regulated and down-regulated was 374 and 255 as compared with the number of platelet exosomes miRNA stored in D3 and D0, while that was 297 and 242 in D5 and D0, and 252 and 327 in D5 and D3, respectively. The target genes of differential platelet exosome miRNAs were analyzed by GO enrichment. Target genes of differential miRNA were mainly involved in membrane composition, mainly played molecular functions binding to proteins, and participated in biological processes of transcriptional regulation.@*CONCLUSION@#The exosome differential proteins and miRNAs in D5 are significantly different from those in the D0 of APs, and they are involved in various biological processes.

Establishment of CD36 negative platelet donor bank in Zhongshan area / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To investigate the frequency of CD36 deletion and gene mutation in voluntary blood donors of Zhongshan city, and to explore the possibility of establishing local CD36 negative platelet donor bank. 【Methods】 Platelet CD36 antigen was detected by ELISA in 1 654 voluntary blood donors.Some of the negative samples were confirmed by flow cytometry, and genotyping was also performed. 【Results】 Platelet CD36 antigen was negative in 27 cases, accounting for 1.6% (27/1654), among which 1.6% (18/1149) were males and 1.8% (9/505) were females.No significant difference was noticed between males and females in CD36 antigen deletion cases (P>0.05). Fifteen CD36 negative samples were randomly selected, genotyped and sequenced, with type I deletion in 1 case[ 6.7% (1/15)], type Ⅱ deletion in 14 cases[ 93.3% (14/15)], and gene mutation in exon 3-14 detected in 8 cases. 【Conclusion】 The frequency of platelet CD36 antigen deletion in Zhongshan is comparable to that in other southern regions of China.The establishment of CD36 negative platelet donor bank is conductive to improve the effectiveness of platelet transfusion.

Research progress of antipsychotics / 药学学报

Epidemiology indicates that schizophrenia affects approximately 8‰ of the world's population. The atypical (second and third generation) antipsychotics generally endowed with D2/5-HTHT2 receptors antagonism properties are commonly used as first-line drugs for the treatment of schizophrenia presently. They have been proven effective in the treatment of positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia, but they are largely ineffective in the treatment of cognitive deficit. Moreover, the atypical antipsychotics are usually associated with cardiovascular and metabolic side effects such as QT prolongation and weight gain. To develop more potent antipsychotics with fewer side effects, more targets have been identified such as D3, glutamate, H3 receptors and PDE10A in recent years. Herein, the research progress of antipsychotics is reviewed.

Oleuropein Improves Long Term Potentiation at Perforant Path-dentate Gyrus Synapses in vivo / 中草药·英文版

Objective: To investigate the effect of oleuropein (OE) on long term potentiation (LTP) at hippocampal perforant path-dentate gyrus synapses in vivo. Methods: An outer guide cannula, a monopolar recording electrode, and a bipolar stimulating electrode were implanted in the skull and extracellular recording technique was used to record the population spike in the dentate gyrus of anesthetized rats. Results: Oleuropein significantly increased the basal synaptic transmission and the amplitude of population spike was increased from (117.6 ± 2.3)% to (134.9 ± 3.7)% after administration with OE. OE also accelerated LTP induction and maintenance, the population spike amplitude after high frequency stimulation was increased from (167.2 ± 12.8)% to (225.5 ± 15.5)% and the maintenance phase of LTP was from (182.1 ± 15.1)% to (210.5 ± 9.0)% respectively after administration with OE. Conclusion: Present study showed that OE significantly improved different stages of LTP, which could be the molecular mechanism of its efficacy on attenuating AD-like pathology and delaying cognitive decline. OE can be a promising drug for AD and dementia.

Effect of microRNA-101 on proliferation and apoptosis of human osteosarcoma cells by targeting mTOR / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Studies have proved that microRNA-101 (miR-101) functions as a tumor suppressor and is associated with growth and apoptosis of various human cancers. However, the role of miR-101 in osteosarcoma and the possible mechanism by which miR-101 affects the tumor growth and apoptosis have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we found that the expression of miR-101 was down-regulated in osteosarcoma tissues and Saos-2 cell line as compared with that in adjacent non-neoplastic bone tissues and the osteoblastic cell line. To better characterize the role of miR-101 in osteosarcoma, we used a gain-of-function analysis by transfecting human osteosarcoma cell line Saos-2 with chemically synthesized miR-101 mimics. The results showed that overexpression of miR-101 inhibited the proliferation and promoted the apoptosis of Saos-2 cells. Meanwhile, bioinformatic analysis demonstrated that mTOR gene was a direct target of miR-101. Overexpression of miR-101 significantly decreased the expression of mTOR at both mRNA and protein levels in Saos-2 cells, consequently inhibiting Saos-2 cells proliferation and promoting cells apoptosis in an mTOR-dependent manner. Taken together, these data suggest that miR-101 may act as a tumor suppressor, which is commonly downregulated in both osteosarcoma tissues and cells. mTOR plays an important role in mediating miR-101 dependent biological functions in osteosarcoma. Reintroduction of miR-101 may be a novel therapeutic strategy by down-regulating mTOR expression.

Correlation of PBX2/ELF2 expression with prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between pre B cell leukemia transcription factor 2 (PBX2)/Ets domain transcription factor 2 (ELF2) expression with prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Expressions of ELF2 and PBX2 were examined in 206 patients of NSCLC by immunohistochemistry. The correlation of PBX2/ELF2 expression with valosin-containing protein (VCP) expression and clinicopathologic factors of NSCLC patients was analyzed. Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test and Cox's regression were used for statistical analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The level of PBX2/ELF2 expression was associated with VCP expression (P=0.0126). Univariate analysis showed that 5-y disease free survival and overall survival (OS) of NSCLC were correlated with expression of PBX2, PBX2/ELF2 and VCP, tumor size, histological differentiation, visceral pleural invasion, N and T in pTNM grades, and clinical stages (P<0.05). The 5-y OS was also related to vascular invasion (P=0.0322). Multivariate analysis revealed that the expression level of PBX2/ELF2 and histological differentiation were independent predictors for NSCLC.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The level of PBX2/ELF2 expression is related to VCP expression, indicating that PBX2/ELF2-VCP pathway may be associated with the prognosis of NSCLC patients.</p>

Effect of microRNA-101 on proliferation and apoptosis of human osteosarcoma cells by targeting mTOR / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Studies have proved that microRNA-101 (miR-101) functions as a tumor suppressor and is associated with growth and apoptosis of various human cancers. However, the role of miR-101 in osteosarcoma and the possible mechanism by which miR-101 affects the tumor growth and apoptosis have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we found that the expression of miR-101 was down-regulated in osteosarcoma tissues and Saos-2 cell line as compared with that in adjacent non-neoplastic bone tissues and the osteoblastic cell line. To better characterize the role of miR-101 in osteosarcoma, we used a gain-of-function analysis by transfecting human osteosarcoma cell line Saos-2 with chemically synthesized miR-101 mimics. The results showed that overexpression of miR-101 inhibited the proliferation and promoted the apoptosis of Saos-2 cells. Meanwhile, bioinformatic analysis demonstrated that mTOR gene was a direct target of miR-101. Overexpression of miR-101 significantly decreased the expression of mTOR at both mRNA and protein levels in Saos-2 cells, consequently inhibiting Saos-2 cells proliferation and promoting cells apoptosis in an mTOR-dependent manner. Taken together, these data suggest that miR-101 may act as a tumor suppressor, which is commonly downregulated in both osteosarcoma tissues and cells. mTOR plays an important role in mediating miR-101 dependent biological functions in osteosarcoma. Reintroduction of miR-101 may be a novel therapeutic strategy by down-regulating mTOR expression.

Preventive effect of ganlong capsule on chronic alcoholic hepatic injury in rats / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the preventive effect of Ganlong capsule on chronic alcoholic hepatic injury in rats and its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The rat chronic hepatic injury model was induced by intragastrically administered with gradient alcohol, once a day for 12 weeks. Efforts were made to detect the content of ALT, AST, TG, CHO, TNF-alpha in rat serum and GSH, SOD, MDA, ADH, Alb in hepatic tissues were detected, conduct a hepatic pathological examination, and pathological injury grading for livers.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Ganlong capsule could reduce the content of ALT, AST, TG in blood serum, MDA in hepatic tissues (P < 0.05), and enhance the activities of antioxidants such as SOD and GSH in hepatic tissues (P < 0.05). According to the liver histopathological observation, most structures of hepatic lobules in the model group were destroyed, with disordered liver cell cords, diffuse fat empty bubbles of different sizes in cytoplasm, focal necrosis and infiltration of inflammatory cells. All of treatment groups showed alleviation in rat liver injury to varying degrees.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ganlong capsule has a significant preventive effect to chronic alcoholic hepatic injury in rats.</p>