Expression of connexin 26 and 30 in cochlea in a rat model of type 2 diabetes / 解剖学报

Objective To stud)' the expression of connexin (Cx) 26 and Cx30 in the cochlea in rat model of type 2 diabetes, and their role in the hearing loss of type 2 diabetes. Methods Sixty wistar rats were randomly divided into a control group(re = 20) and a experimental group(re = 4 0) . Rats in the experimental group received intraperitoneally injection of 10 mg/L streptozotocin to establish model of type 2 diabetes. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) was tested before and after molding at month 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. The morphology of cochlea was observed by HE staining, and the level and pattern of Cx26 and Cx30 expression within the cochlea were detected by immunofluorescence and Western blotting. Results In rats in the diabetes group, wave IH and V latency, I -IH and I - V interval of Click-ABRs (60 dBSPL) prolonged at month 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 after molding compared to the control (P < 0 . 0 5) . The number of cells was obvious reduced in the spiral ligament and ganglion of the experimental group (P < 0. 0 5) . Immunofluorescence and Western blotting results showed decreased expression of Cx26 and Cx30 in the experimental group at 2, 3, 4, 5 month(P<0. 05), and the expression of the two proteins decreased gradually with the time extension. Conclusion Expression of Cx26 and Cx30 is reduced at the same time as the occurrence of hearing impairment in rat cochlea with type 2 diabetes.

Errors in preliminary blood type screening for blood donors: Analysis of causes / 医学研究生学报

ObjectiveCorrect identification of the blood type is an important prerequisite for ensuring the safety of clinical blood transfusion. This study was to explore the causes of blood type discrepancy of blood donors between preliminary screening and recheck and to propose some countermeasures for the reduction of errors.MethodsThis retrospective study included 114 398 cases of blood donation from 2009 to 2015. The blood types of the donors were preliminarily screened with the paper board and rechecked after blood collection. We investigated the causes and number of errors in preliminary blood type screening and analyzed the failure rates in the high-temperature months (July, August and September), low-temperature months (December, January and February), and moderate-temperature months (the other six months).ResultsPreliminary blood type screening errors occurred in 164 of the cases, 157 (95.73%) in blood group identification, mainly misidentification of type B antigen (43.95%) and type A antigen (23.5%). The rate of blood group identification errors was significantly higher in the high-temperature than in the low- and moderate-temperature months (0.19% vs 0.12% and 0.12%, P<0.05).ConclusionMisidentification of types B and A antigens and high-temperature environment are the main causes of the errors in preliminary blood type screening for blood donors.

Coagulation Properties for Whole Blood Stored at 4℃ / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the coagulation properties the refrigerated whole blood stored at 4℃.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ten units of whole blood were obtained from healthy volunteer donors and stored at 4±2℃ for 21 days. Samples were collected on the day after donation and on days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 14 and 21 for delection including complete blood count, electrolyte, APTT, PT, Fg, blood coagulation factors, and thromboelastography(TEG).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The levels of Hb, WBC, Plt, sodium and potassium in each sample accorded with standard of storing whole blood. The level of Hb, WBC, Plt and Na decreased along with prolonging of storage time, while the K level increased along with prolonging of stored time, APTT and PT prolonged along with prolonging of thored time, PT>17 min at d 21, the Fg level change was no-obvious, The level of factor Ⅴ and Ⅷ decreased more than 50 % of baseline on d 6 and 4 respectively; the levels of factor Ⅱ, Ⅶ, Ⅸ, Ⅹ, Ⅺ, Ⅻ showed decreasing trend, but their levels were less than 40 % of baseline values at d 21. TEG test showed that no abnormalily of R value was found, the abnormal valnes of K and Angle were observed at d 21, the abnormal value of MA was observed at d 14.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The whole blood stored for 10 days possesses normal coagulation function showing important significance for treatment of hemorrhage from war injury and surgical openation of heart and chest.</p>

Clinical Analysis of 10 Cases of B Cell Lymphoma-Associated Hemophagocytic Syndrome / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical and laboratory features of patient with B cell lymphoma associated hemophagocytic syndrome(B-LAHS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 10 cases of B-LAHS were retrospectively analysed and the relevant literatures were reviewed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The median age of 10 cases diagnosed as B-LAHS was 55.5 (31-88) years old, and median time from attack to diagnosis was 2 months (2 weeks-4 months). The diagnosis can be made histopathologically and immunohistochemically by bone marrow biopsy. Among them 7 cases were diagnosed as large B cell lymphoma, 2 cases as mantle cell lymphoma and 1 case as small B cell lymphoma. The prominent clinical symptoms and signs were persistent fever (100%) and splenomegaly(90%), and the involvements with respiratory and digestive system were common. Another 1 case had systemic muscle pain and lactic acidosis as the first onset. Laboratory studies showed hepatic dysfunction, significantly elevated ferritin and lactate dehydrogenase, abnormal lymphocytes in peripheral blood smear, and hemophagocytosis in bone marrow smear. The FSC/SSC abnormalities of cloned B lymphoma cells were detected through flow cytometry (FCM). The complete remission (CR) was maintained in 4 cases receiving immunochemotherapy based on rituximab.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>B-LAHS possesses heterogeneous clinical manifestations and rapid deterioration. Bone marrow biopsy and immunohistochemical examination can confirm the diagnosis. FCM may improve the early diagnosis of B-LAHS.</p>

Lymphocytic Clonal Expansion in Adult Patients with Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Lymphoproliferative Disease / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the lymphocytic clonal expansion in adult patients with Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative diseases (EBV+LPD), and to investigate the experimental methods for EBV+LPD cells so as to provide a more objective measure for the diagnosis, classification and prognosis in the early stage of this disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Peripheral blood samples from 5 patients with EBV+LPD, 4 patients with adult infectious mononucleosis(IM) as negative control and 3 patients with acute NK-cell leukemia(ANKL) as positive control were collected. Prior to immunochemotherapy, viral loads and clonality were analysed by flow cytometry (FCM), T cell receptor gene rearrangement (TCR) was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and diversity of EB virus terminal repeat (EBV-TR) was detected by Southern blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>FCM showed only 1 case with clonal TCRVβ in 5 patients with EBV+LPD, TCR clonal expansion could be detected both in patients with IM(4 of 4) and 4 patients with EBV+LPD(4 of 5), Out of patients with EBV+LPD, 1 patient displayed a monoclonal band and 2 patients showed oligoclonal bands when detecting EBV-TR by southen blot.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Detecting the diversity of EBV-TR by Southern blot may be the most objective way to reflex clonal transformation of EBV+LPD, which is of great benefit to the diagnosis, classification and prognosis in the early stage of this disease.</p>

Expression of SOX2 in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer and its clinical significance / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of SOX2 in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer and explore its association with the clinical features.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>SOX2 expressions were examined using immunohistochemical method in 10 normal cervical tissue specimens, 36 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia specimens (including 10 cases of grade I, 12 of grade II, and 14 grade III) and 40 cervical cancer specimens (including 21 cases of stage I and 19 of stage II). The correlation between the immunohistochemical results and the clinical features of the patients was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>SOX2 expression was negative in normal cervical tissues, and was positive in 41.6% of CIN specimens (10.0% in CIN I, 41.7% in CIN II, and 64.3% in CIN III) in 82.5% of cervical cancer specimens (78.2% in stage I and 88.2% in stage II). The patients with cervical cancer had a significantly higher positivity rate of SOX2 than normal control group (P<0.05). The positivity rate of SOX2 increased with the evolution of cervical disease. SOX2 protein expression was significantly correlated with the histological grade and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05), but not with the age or clinical stage of the patients (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>SOX2 expression may serve as a useful indicator for evaluating metastasis and malignancy of cervical cancer.</p>

Clinical features and laboratory findings of adult Epstein-Barr virus associated T/NK lymphoproliferative disease / 中国实验血液学杂志

The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical features and laboratory findings of adult Epstein-Barr virus associated T/NK cell lymphoproliferative disease (EBV+T/NK-LPD) and to investigate the early diagnosis and prognosis of EBV+T/NK-LPD. The clinical data of 19 adult patients with EBV+T/NK-LPD were retrospectively analyzed. The results indicated that there were 11 males and 8 females. The median age was 32 years (range: 20-70 years). The average duration from onset of symptoms to diagnosis was 3.5 months. The median survival time was 2.5 months. Unkown fever, hepatosplenomegaly, liver dysfunction and interstitial pneumonia were the main clinical features. High levels of β2-MG, LDH, TNF, IL-6 and significantly increased EBV-DNA level (median level > 10(6) copies/ml) were occurred in all the patients. Cytopenia was seen in 18 cases. Morphologically, atypical large granular lymphocytes and hemophagocytosis were common in bone marrow smears. Deletion of CD5 or CD7 were frequently observed in T/NK lymphocytes in bone marrow cells by flow cytometry. Bone marrow biopsy showed atypical lymphocyte interstitial infiltrated in 10 cases, while a few large cells infiltrated in 6 cases. Immunohistochemistry showed the expression of CD3(+)CD56(+) were seen in 2 cases, CD3(+)CD8(+) in 11 cases and CD3(+)CD4(+) in 3 cases. TIA-1 and EBER were positive in all biopsy specimens. Three cases underwent biopsy of lymph nodes showed reactive proliferations of lymphocytes. All the patients died of multiorgan failure. It is concluded that the fever, hepatosplenomegaly are the most common clinical features in adult EBV+T/NK-LPD, the bone marrow infiltration of EBV-infected T/NK lymphocytes and significantly increased EBV-DNA level can be observed in all cases, the clinical outcome of this disease is poor, these clinical and experimental features can be served as a reliable marker for the timely diagnosis of adult EBV+T/NK-LPD.

Clinical analysis of 10 patients with de novo CD5 positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma / 中国实验血液学杂志

To explore the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment outcome and prognosis of de novo CD5 positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma (CD5(+)DLBCL), clinical data of 10 patients with pathologically confirmed CD5(+)DLBCL were retrospectively analyzed. The results indicated that 9 out of 10 patients were older than 60 years. All cases were in III/IV stages according to Ann-Arbor Staging System. Bone marrow biopsy with immunohistochemistry showed lymphoma involvement in 5 cases. Nine patients received chemotherapy with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (Rituximab) except one. Five cases achieved CR, two cases achieved PR, two cases achieved SD, one case achieved PD. Eight cases died within 2 years because of relapse or disease progression, in which 3 cases developed central nervous system lymphoma. The median survival time was 16 (1-23) months, 2-year survival rate was 20.40%. It is concluded that de novo CD5(+) DLBCL is rare in clinic, but it is a kind of highly aggressive lymphoma with poor prognosis. So, new treatment strategy should be explored.

Expression of SOX2 in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer and its clinical significance / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of SOX2 in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer and explore its association with the clinical features.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>SOX2 expressions were examined using immunohistochemical method in 10 normal cervical tissue specimens, 36 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia specimens (including 10 cases of grade I, 12 of grade II, and 14 grade III) and 40 cervical cancer specimens (including 21 cases of stage I and 19 of stage II). The correlation between the immunohistochemical results and the clinical features of the patients was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>SOX2 expression was negative in normal cervical tissues, and was positive in 41.6% of CIN specimens (10.0% in CIN I, 41.7% in CIN II, and 64.3% in CIN III) in 82.5% of cervical cancer specimens (78.2% in stage I and 88.2% in stage II). The patients with cervical cancer had a significantly higher positivity rate of SOX2 than normal control group (P<0.05). The positivity rate of SOX2 increased with the evolution of cervical disease. SOX2 protein expression was significantly correlated with the histological grade and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05), but not with the age or clinical stage of the patients (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>SOX2 expression may serve as a useful indicator for evaluating metastasis and malignancy of cervical cancer.</p>

Coix lachryma jobi L varma-yuan induces apoptosis of jurkat cell line in acute T lymphoblast leukemia and its mechanism / 中国实验血液学杂志

The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-proliferation and pro-apoptosis effect of Coix lachrymajobi L varma-yuan on acute T lymphoblast leukemia cell line Jurkat cells and its mechanism. Jurkat cells were treated with Coix lachrymajobi L varma-yuan of various concentrations (0, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6 mg/ml) for 24h. The inhibitory ratio was measured by Cell Counting Kit-8. The effects of Coix lachrymajobi L varma-yuan on apoptosis of Jurkat cells were determined by Hoechst 33258, PI and Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining. The mitochondrial membrane potential was analyzed by JC-1 staining. The results demonstrated that Coix lachrymajobi L varma-yuan inhibited the proliferation of Jurkat cells, and induced chromatin condensation and fragmentation (characteristic of apoptosis) and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. In conclusion, Coix lachrymajobi L varma-yuan can inhibit the cell proliferation and induce the apoptosis of Jurkat cells. These effects relate to loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. These results suggest that Coix lachrymajobi L varma-yuan may be of value in treating lymphoma.

Archive analysis of 1056 patients with acute leukemia / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective To explore the features of patients with acute leukemia (AL) in Hematology Department of Shenzhen Hospital affliated to Beijing University during the past six years. Methods The data of the 1056 acute leukemia dignosed in our department between 2002-2007 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Results The male patients was predominant (male/female ratio was 1.78). The number of patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML) was higher than that of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (AML/ALL ratio was 1.85). Most of the AML patients were young adult (65 %) and elderly ALL patients were very rare(1.33 %). AL cases were tended to increase gradually by year. The ratio of treatment-related AL in Shenzhen was lower than that reported literature in other countries. The major cause of the treatment-related AL were chemotherapy/radiotherapy and psoriasis treated with bimolane. Conclusion Some of the features of AL patients in China were further confirmed and some new features were also found in this study. These changes should be demonstrated by the next national epidemiology survey of leukemia.

Effect of highway transportation on the quality of red blood cells / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was purposed to investigate the effect of highway transportation on the quality of blood components so as to provide experimental basis to meet the needs of military operations. The transport condition was simulated by random vibration test. The red blood cells, leukocyte-reduced red blood cells, washed red blood cells were randomly vibrated (C Road) for 4 hours. Then, these blood components were stored in refrigerator for 15 days (4 degrees C). Six milliliters of blood were collected before vibration, after vibration, and at day 15 days of storage after vibration, respectively. The suspension was isolated. The free hemoglobin (FHb), routine hematological parameters, and biochemical indexes were determined. The results showed that FHb, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), K(+) of red blood cells and leukocyte-reduced red blood cells did not significantly change after vibration and storage. However, FHb, LDH and K(+) of washed red blood cells increased significantly after simulated transportation (p < 0.05). The levels of these parameters at day 15 of storage after vibration were also significantly higher than those after vibration (p < 0.01). The changes of other hematological parameters were not significant in three blood components after vibration (C Road) and storage for 15 day. In conclusion, red blood cells and leukocyte-reduced red blood cells were qualified for clinic transfusion even after transportation within 4 hours for 15 day storage later, if they were kept in proper blood container and protected from damping. However, the washed red blood cells could not be used for clinic after similar transport in the military operations.

Research on optimization system on tissue culture and rapid propagation of Pueraria mirifica / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the tissue culture and rapid-proliferation techniques of Pueraria mirifica.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The tender branch were used as explants and cultivated in different media. The optimum media for inducing buds, proliferation and rooting were selected by adjusting the kinds and doses of plant hormones and special compounds.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The medium of MS + IBA 0.05 mg L(-1) + BA 0.5 mg L(-1) was suitable for buds inducing and could be used in the first generation cultivation; MS + IBA 0. 02 mg L(-1) + BA 0.2 mg L(-1) and MS +BA 0.1 mg L(-1) were employed by turns in subculture, 25 days propagation coefficient was 3.0; and the medium of 1/2MS + IBA 0.1 mg L(-1) + IAA 0.2 mg L(-1) + C (special compound) 10 mg L(-1) was used for roots inducing, the rooting rate was 76.9%. Rooting plantlets were transplanted in spring and summer; the surviving rate was 81.0%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This technique system could be employed for rapid propagation of P. mirifica.</p>

Effects of triptolide on proliferation and apoptosis of Jurkat cell line in acute T lymphocytic leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-proliferation and pro-apoptosis of triptolide on Jurkat cell line in acute T lymphocytic leukemia. The Jurkat cells were treated with various concentrations of triptolide (0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 microg/L) for 12 hours. The inhibitory ratio was measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. The effects of triptolide on apoptosis of Jurkat cells were determined by DNA fragmentation (DNA ladder), Hoechst 33258, PI and Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining. The results demonstrated that triptolide inhibited the proliferation of Jurket cells. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) was 4.0 microg/L. Chromatin condensation in the cells treated with triptolide could be seen by light microscopy. DNA electrophoresis showed evidence of nuclear fragmentation (DNA ladder). The hypoploid (sub-G(1)) population was increased after treatment with triptolide. The translocation of phosphatidylserine at the outer surface of the cell plasma membrane could be induced by triptolide. After treatment with triptolide for 12 hours, the rates of apoptotic cells were significantly increased. Moreover, these pro-apoptosis effects were in time-dependent manner. It is concluded that triptolide can inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of Jurkat cells. This study provides experimental basis for clinical use of triptolide in leukemia therapy.

Research progress on biological characteristics and clinical application of endothelial progenitor cells--review / 中国实验血液学杂志

Endothelial progenitor cells are precursors of endothelial cells, which are able to differentiate into mature endothelial cells. Studies are needed to increase more detailed understanding on the mechanisms of EPC-differentiation, survival, homing and distribution of the tissue. The human EPC has potential to be used as diagnostic and prognostic or therapeutic tools in the future. This review describes recent studies on the biological characteristics and clinical application of EPC, including immunophenotype and functional characteristics of EPCs, mobilization, release and differentiation of EPCs, EPC number and recruitment, clinical application of EPCs, and so on.

Induction of apoptosis by recombinant soluble human TRAIL in Jurkat cells / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the therapeutic potential of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), a member of the TNF superfamily, and to analyze TRAIL-induced apoptosis in Jurkat cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Expression of TRAIL receptors (DR4 and DR5) was detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Cytotoxic effects were determined by colony formation assay and a cell counting kit. The effects of recombinant TRAIL on apoptosis of Jurkat cells were determined by DNA fragmentation (DNA ladder) and PI staining. Changes in mitochondrial membrane potential were detected with JC-1 fluorescence.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>TRAIL inhibited the proliferation and induced internucleosomal DNA fragmentation (characteristic of apoptosis) and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Recombinant soluble TRAIL can be used as a therapy for cancer.</p>

Study on fetal SRY gene in maternal plasma using nested polymerase chain reaction / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique for fetal SRY gene identification using cell-free fetal DNA in maternal plasma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 30 pregnant women and cell-free DNA was extracted by the phenol/chloroform method from plasma. The nested PCR was carried out to amplify the fragment of SRY gene by two sets of PCR primer pairs. Direct sequencing analysis was then performed on the PCR product.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 17 women bearing male fetuses, SRY sequences were detected in 15 plasma samples after nested PCR amplification, while none of the 13 women bearing female fetuses had the positive results. The accuracy and sensitivity were 93.3% (28/30) and 88.2% (15/17), respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The phenol/chloroform extraction for fetal DNA in maternal plasma was effective and simple. And the nested PCR amplification of SRY sequence is a convenient and low-cost approach for the non-invasive early prenatal diagnosis of sex-linked inheritant diseases.</p>

Comparison between intra-operative fine needle aspiration cytology and rapid histopathologic examination of a pancreatic mass / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the value in diagnosis by fine needle aspiration cytology and rapid histopathologic examination during operation of a pancreatic mass.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Both fine needle aspiration cytology and rapid histopathologic examination were performed during the operation of 56 patients with pancreatic mass.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of intraoperative cytologic examination were 94.6%, 95.3% and 92.3%, as compared with 92.9%, 90.7% and 100% in rapid paraffin section intraoperative examination.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Fine needle aspiration is rapid, practical and safe. It is able to improve the diagnosis, pathologic grade and histological origin of pancreatic tumor when combined with rapid histopathologic examination.</p>