Clinicopathological features of congential intestinal solitary fibromatosis: 2 cases report and literature review / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To study the clinicopathological features of congenital solitary intestinal fibromatosis (SIF).Methods Clinical,radiological and pathological features of 2 cases of SIF were analyzed along with a literature review.Results Two cases of SIF with one girl and one boy.Both presented with vomiting and abdominal distention at the birth day.A plain abdominal radiograph revealed small bowl obstruction and pneumoperitoneum.Jejunum atresia and perforation were detected at surgery.Microscopically,spindle tumor cells diffusely infiltrated in the whole intestinal wall,tumor cells were monomorphic with bland looking and rare mitosis was reviewed.Immunohistochemically,vimentin was positive while muscular markers as SMA,desmin and Myogenin were all negative.And S-100,CD117,CD34,ALK and β-catenin were not expressed.ETV6 split gene was not detected in one of the patients by FISH.Two patients of SIF had no tumor recurrence with follow-up till now.Conclusion Congenital SIF is a rare and unique intestinal tumor in neonate,and it should be differentiated from congenital fibrosarcoma and myofibroma.SIF appears a very good prognosis after segmental resection.

Ocular Trauma in a Rural Population of North China: The Handan Eye Study / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the prevalence of ocular trauma and the proportion of blindness and visual impairment due to trauma in a rural population in northern China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The Handan Eye Study is a population-based cross-sectional study that surveyed 6830 Chinese people aged 30+ years from 13 randomly selected villages in Yongnian County, city of Handan, Hebei Province, in July, 2006. All participants underwent a standardized interview and extensive examinations. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on ocular trauma.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 5837 participants who filled out the questionnaire, 124 subjects [2.1%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.8%-2.5%] reported a history of ocular trauma in either eye, including 19 (0.3%) persons reporting trauma in both eyes. Men were more likely to have an eye injury than women [odds ratio (OR), 3.3; 2.2-4.9]. In multiple logistic regression models, ocular trauma was significantly more frequent among normotensive participants when compared with hypertensive participants (hypertensive vs. normotensive: OR, 0.6; 0.4-0.9) and among participants who had a history of falls (OR, 2.4; 1.2-4.8). The proportion of unilateral visual impairment and unilateral blindness due to trauma were 10.5% (13 subjects) and 21.0% (26 subjects), respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our study reports the prevalence of severe ocular trauma among adults in rural China, revealing a high proportion of blindness and visual impairment due to trauma. These findings suggest the need for educational strategies to increase eye health awareness in this rural population with focus on providing at least appropriate first aid care to reduce blindness due to trauma.</p>

Study of modified two incisions silicone oil removal with a 23 G transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy system / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Abstract?AlM:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of silicone oil removal with a 23G transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy system linked disposable transfusion tube and self-made suction tip.?METHODS: The suction tip was made with a 23G infusion tube be cut from the end of the 5mm. lt was used to connect the disposable transfusion tube and 23G puncture cannula. The disposable transfusion tube which was cut from the end of the MaiFei's pipe was connected with the effusion box of the vitreous cutter. lntraocular silicone oil was proactive suction and removed through two incisions on pars plana ciliaris with the vitreous cutter suction system.?RESULTS:Only 13 cases (9. 8%) need suture puncture ports in 132 cases in the operation. Operation time was 7-28min. The average operation time was 15. 1± 6. 2min. ln early postoperative, there were 107 cases ( 81. 1%) appeared lower intraocular pressure (<11mmHg) and 2 cases appeared choroid detachment in 132 cases patients. Most of the patients recovered to normal but 2 case ( 1. 5%) high myopia macular hole retinal detachment occurred recurrent retinal detachment 1wk after operation. Silicone oil was removed cleanly in the most patients, only 4 cases (3. 0%) with a little silicone oil residue.?CONCLUSlON:The surgery that silicone oil is removed through two incisions with a 23G transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy system linked disposable transfusion tube and self - made suction tip has the advantages of safe, effective, fast, economic, and it is worthy of popularization and application in clinical.

Glypican 3 expression in hepatoblastoma and its diagnostic implication / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the expression and diagnostic significance of glypican-3 (GPC3) in hepatoblastoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Five tissue microarray paraffin blocks were constructed to include 54 cases of hepatoblastoma. The tumor tissue samples were obtained from 3 surgical biopsies, 33 needle biopsies, 5 stage I resection tumors, and 13 stage II resection tumors after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization. Ten samples of non-neoplastic hepatic tissue adjacent to tumor were used as control. Immunohistochemical staining of GPC3 (clone 1G12) was performed. Among the 54 cases of hepatoblastoma, 22 cases were fetal subtype, 24 cases were mixed fetal and embryonal subtype and 8 cases were mixed epithelial and mesenchymal type.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>GPC3 was positive in fetal epithelial cells (54/54, 100%), but negative or weakly positive in embryonic epithelial cells in all cases of hepatoblastoma. Undifferentiated small cells and all mesenchymal components were negative for the expression. Non-neoplastic hepatocytes adjacent to tumor were negative for GPC3 expression (0/10) .</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Fetal epithelial components of hepatoblastoma express GPC3 protein detectable by immunohistochemistry. Normal hepatocytes after birth, small cell undifferentiated and embryonic epithelial components of hepatoblastoma do not or weakly express GPC3 protein. Therefore, GPC3 immunohistochemistry offers a valuable aid to the diagnosis of hepatoblastoma in infants and children.</p>

Follow-up and retreatment strategies in the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor-A therapy for neovascularization of age-related macular degeneration / 中华实验眼科杂志

Wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of major causes of blindness in elder people.Intraocular injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) -A regimen has made big breakthrough for the treatment on choroidal neovascularization of wet AM D,while long-term follow-up and necessary retreatments are the key issues to remain obtained visual acuity.Multiple strategies of wet AMD have been used in following-up and retreating based on the visual acuity,optical coherence tomography (OCT),ophthalmoscope and fluorescein fundus angiography (FFA) in abroad.However,there also are major differences in the patient' s composition,treatment habits and distribution of medical sources in China from Western.So we suggest to standardize the follow-up and retreatment strategies about intravitreal injection of VEGF-A for wet AMD as to achieve a better effectiveness.OCT-guided individual follow-up and retreatment strategies should be very helpful for maintaining a long-term efficacy,minimizing the treatment time and reducing medical cost.

Quantitative measurement of laser-induced choroidal neovascularization with spectral-domain optical coherent tomography / 中华实验眼科杂志

Background The neovascular form of the disease usually causes severe vision loss in a number of eye diseases.Special-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) provides high-quality in retinal imaging and the possibility of the measurement in vivo.Objective This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of SD-OCT dynamically measuring choroidal neovascularization (CNV).Methods CNV was induced in 30 left eyes of 30 clean Brown Norway(BN)rats by retinal photocoagulation with the laser parameter as follows: wavelength 532 nm,exciting power 200 mW,spot diameter 100 μm and irradiating time 50 ms.Bubble or less retinal bleeding was thought as Brunch membrane breakage and CNV model establishment.Fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA) was performed to determine the establishment of CNV model and scored based on the fluorescein leakage on 3,7,14,21 days after photocoagulation.Meanwhile,CNV memberane thickness (CMT) was dynamically measured in vivo as the maxiume value from retinal inner limiting membrane through choroidal vessel layer in various time points.Histopathologic examination was used in the 14th day to evaluate and verify the result of SD-OCT.The right eyes were as controls.Results FFA examination showed that disc-like leakage of fluorescein appeared in 7 days and extended in 14 days after photocoagulation with the scores of 1.6±0.4,2.5±0.6 and 2.4±0.5 in 7,14 and 21 days,showing a significant difference among them(F=13.11,P＜0.01).The fluorescein leakage score was significantly higher in 14 and 21 days than that of 7 days(both P＜0.05).CMT measured by SD-OCT was(76.33±10.09),(102.03±14.21)and(98.03±13.76) μm in 7,14 and 21 days after photocoagulation respectively,with a significant difference among 3 time points (F=23.25,P＜0.01),and that in 14 and 21 days was significantly declined in comparison with 7 days(both P＜0.05).The results of SD-OCT showed a consistent tendency with that of FFA.Histopathological examination showed CNV formation in 14 days after photocoagulation.Conclusions Experimental CNV model was successfully induced by laser photography.SD-OCT technology allows excellent visualization of CNV in vivo.

L-arginine-glycine amidinotransferase, betaine-homocysteine s-methyltransferase, and neuropolypeptide h3 are diminished in renal clear cell carcinoma of humans

To identify renal clear cell carcinoma-associated marker proteins. Twelve patients with renal cell carcinoma [RCC] were collected and processed in the Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, China, between January 2008 and September 2009. Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and matrix assisted laser desorption ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry [MALDI-TOF-MS] were employed to investigate differentially expressed protein spots between RCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues, then reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot were employed to confirm the proteomic results. One protein spot was up regulated, 13 were downregulated, and 22 were absent in RCC tissues. Four of the absent proteins were L-arginine-glycine amidinotransferase [AGAT], Betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase [BHMT], Ketohexokinase [KHK], and Neuropolypeptide h3 [NPh3]. The reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated mRNA expression of AGAT, BHMT, and Nph3 was significantly decreased in 12 RCC tissues. In addition, Western blot analysis showed AGAT protein was absent in 11/12, BHMT in 9/12, and Nph3 in 5/12 RCC tissues. Absence of AGAT, BHMT, and Nph3 is common events in clear cell RCC; hence, it may be involved in the development of RCC; therefore, they have the potential to be tumor markers for diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of RCC patients

Significance of glypican-3 immunohistochemistry in diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the diagnostic significance of glypican-3 (GPC3) immunohistochemistry in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fourteen tissue microarray paraffin blocks were constructed, which comprised 731 samples from hepatic tumors and paratumor tissues, including 357 cases of HCC, 26 cholangiocarcinoma, 171 HCC adjacent hepatic tissue including cirrhosis, 93 hemangioma adjacent hepatic tissues, and 84 carcinomas metastatic to liver. GPC3 (Clone 1G12) protein was detected immunohistochemically in all of cases with positive controls.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>GPC3 protein was positive in 72.0% HCC (257/357), but negative in the rest 374 of non-HCC cases, including cholangiocarcinoma, HCC adjacent hepatic tissue including cirrhosis, hemangioma adjacent hepatic tissues and metastatic carcinomas. GPC3 positive percentage was significantly correlated with histological grading of HCC (P < 0.01), highest in grade 3 (77.1%, 64/83) followed by grade 2 (73.3%, 187/255), grade 1 (6/12) and grade 4 (0).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>GPC3 is a valuable diagnostic marker for hepatocellular carcinoma with sensitivity of 72.0%, and a differential diagnostic marker from tumor adjacent hepatic tissue and carcinomas metastatic to liver with specificity of 100%.</p>

Evaluation of visual functional and morphology change in young patients with idiopathic choroidal neovascularization / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Idiopathic choroidal neovascularization (ICNV) is an uncommon disorder affecting primarily individuals younger than the age of 50 years. In CNV patients, no apparent cause can be determined. This study aimed to evaluate the functional and morphological change of the retina with ICNV in young adults.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In this retrospective study, 32 eyes of 32 patients with subfoveal or juxta/extra foveal ICNV had been admitted into the Shanghai First People's Hospital from January 2009 to July 2010. The functional changes were evaluated using the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and the microperimetry in the macular area. The morphology changes were evaluated using optical coherence tomography (OCT), the color fundus photography and the fluorescein angiography.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Seventeen patients with juxta/extra foveal and 15 subfoveal CNV were investigated. The mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (LogMAR) BCVA was 0.39, the mean central retinal thickness (CRT) was 334 µm, and the mean sensitivity (MS) was 11.8 decibels (dB). In the subfoveal group, there was a strong correlation between CRT and BCVA (r = -0.675, F = 2.167, P < 0.01); as well as that between CRT and MS (r = -0.681, F = 22.91, P < 0.01). While in the juxta/extra foveal CNV group, the correlation of CRT and BCVA was not significant (r = -0.071, F = 1.018, P > 0.05); neither was the correlation of CRT and MS (r = -0.142, F = 36.54, P > 0.05). The microperimetry (MP-1) test revealed 17 (53%) patients with stable fixation, 9 (28%) with relatively unstable and 6 (19%) with unstable fixation. Fixation stability correlated positively with sensitivity in the central 2° diameter area (r = 0.380, F = 3.213, P < 0.05) and the duration of symptoms (r = 0.401, F = 7.933, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>ICNV was associated with reduced total MS, unstable fixation and eccentric fixation. These findings emphasized functional change in ICNV is beyond the BCVA and regular morphology change, which provided additional information of functional evaluation in clinical practice.</p>

Clinical features of hypersensitivity reactions to oxaliplatin among Chinese colorectal cancer patients / 癌症

<p><b>BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE</b>Oxaliplatin is one of the effective drugs for the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). Oxaliplatin-induced allergic reactions in European and American patients have been reported, but in China there are only a few case reports. This study investigated the incidence rate and characteristics of oxaliplatin-induced allergic reactions in Chinese patients with CRC.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data of 109 patients with advanced CRC receiving oxaliplatin plus capecitabine (the XELOX regimen) as first-line therapy were collected and analyzed retrospectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of 109 patients, 13 (11.9%) patients had hypersensitivity. In 546 cycles, 23 (4.2%) cycles involved hypersensitivity. Grade-I,-II, and -III reactions were seen in 13 cycles, 8 cycles, and 2 cycles, respectively, and no grade-IV reaction was observed. Allergic reactions usually occurred at the median time during the fifth cycle (range, the 1st-8th cycle) of oxaliplatin-containing therapy, and the cumulative oxaliplatin dose was 1200 mg (range, 400-1600 mg). Symptoms associated with anaphylaxis appeared 5-360 min (median, 180 min) after oxaliplatin infusion, and were relieved after withdrawing the oxaliplatin infusion and treating with antiallergic drugs. A total of 8 patients continued to receive oxaliplatin therapy after prophylactic administration of antiallergic drugs, such as steroids, and 4 patients did not report persistent allergic reactions. Compared with men, oxaliplatin-induced allergic reactions were more commonly seen in women patients (P<0.05), while age, body surface area, performance status, tumor location, and pathologic type showed no significant difference.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Oxaliplatin-induced allergic reactions occurred in Chinese patients with CRC, and the incidence rate, occurrence time, degree of severity, and clinical outcome were consistent with literature published abroad.</p>

Efficacy and prognostic analysis on surgical resection of pulmonary metastasis from colorectal cancer / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To elucidate the efficacy and probable prognostic factors of surgical resection of pulmonary metastasis from colorectal cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data and outcomes of 35 colorectal patients with pulmonary metastasis undergone pulmonary metastasectomy were analyzed retrospectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Median follow-up time was 48.0 months. The median overall survival time was 36.0 months. Five-year survival rate was 33.0%. Nineteen patients died of tumor progression. Sixteen patients were survival including survival with tumor (10 cases) and without tumor (6 cases). One patient was still alive without tumor for 164 months. Univariate analysis revealed that disease free interval (DFI) was a prognostic risk factor, while gender, age, primary tumor site, pulmonary metastasis size and location, surgical procedure, pre-surgical CEA level, re-metastasectomy did not show influence on the survival time after pulmonary metastasectomy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>For some selected patients with indication, pulmonary metastasectomy may be a potential curative method. DFI may be associated with the prognosis after pulmonary metastasectomy.</p>

Role of pigment epithelium-derived factor on proliferation and migration of choroidal capillary endothelium induced by vascular endothelial growth factor in vitro / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is expressed in several normal organs and identified as an inhibitor of neovascularization. In the present study, we investigated the effect of PEDF in an in vitro model of ocular choroidal neovascularization.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Microdissection was used to isolate the human choroidal endothelial cells (CECs), followed by the use of superparamagnetic beads (Dynabeads) coated with the CD31 antibody, which selectively binds to the endothelial cell surface. The mitogenic and motogenic effects of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on cultured choroidal capillary endothelial cells were examined in the presence or absence of PEDF (1, 10, 100, and 1000 ng/ml) using cell counts and migration assays.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Cells bound to the beads were isolated using a magnetic particle concentrator and they were successfully cultured and characterized to be endothelial cells that possessed greater than 95% immunoreactivity to von Willebrand factor. PEDF suppressed the proliferation and migration of VEGF-induced choroidal capillary endothelial cells. However, the concentration of PEDF which we used has little effect on normal CECs.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>PEDF played an important role on the growth and migration of VEGF-stimulated choroidal endothelial cell. These findings suggest that PEDF may be an effective approach to the treatment of choroidal neovascular disorders.</p>

Analysis of HER2 gene amplification and its protein expression in 165 cases of breast carcinoma: comparison of chromogenic in-situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of chromogenic in-situ hybridization (CISH) in detecting HER2 gene amplification in breast carcinomas.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>HER2 oncogene amplification and its protein expression in 165 cases of breast carcinoma were investigated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and CISH.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) CISH did not detect HER2 gene amplification in 107 cases of IHC negative tumors and 24 cases of IHC 1+ tumors. (2) CISH identified high copy numbers of HER2 gene amplification in 21/22 (95.5%) cases with IHC 3+. (3) In 12 HIC 2+ cases, CISH identified 3 cases of high copy number amplification, 6 cases of low copy number amplification and 3 cases without amplification.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>HER2 gene amplification detection by CISH is highly sensitive and has a high concordance with IHC detection of the protein expression. It is concluded that CISH is a tool to evaluate HER2 gene status in breast cancer and can be an implement in conventional pathology laboratories.</p>

Comparing the actions of the three flavone ingredients in choerospondias axillaris on arrhythmias induced by aconitine / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the actions of the three flavone ingredients in choerospondias axillaris on arrhythmias Induced by aconitine.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Langendorff perfuse was applied in the experiment, the antiarrhythmic action was to study by using aconitine on the the isolated heart; The antiarrhythmic action of the three flavone ingredients in choerospondias axillaris was to study by using i.v. aconitine in rat to induce arrhythmias.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Compared with the NS group, sample 1 and sample 2 both significantly prolonged the beginning time of VF of isolated heart and increased the dosage of aconitine, sample 3 reduced the beginning time of VF of isolated heart and decreased the dosage of aconitine, sample 1 and sample 2 both greatly prolonged the beginning time of VE, VT, VF, HA; sample 3 greatly reduced the beginning time of VT,VF. The actions of the three samples were in a concentration-dependent way.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Sample 1 and sample 2 both resisted the occurrence of arrhythmias induced by aconitine, sample 3 markedly promoted the occurrence of arrhythmias induced by aconitine.</p>