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Objective To compare the effect of a carbohydrate-electrolyte-protein solution (CEPS,2％ protein plus 4％ carbohydrate),carbohydrate-electrolyte solution (CES,6％ carbohydrate),and non-caloric sweetened placebo (PLA)on 21 km running performance of female recreational marathon runners.Methods In a randomized cross-over design,12 female recreational marathon runners (age:33.4 ± 2.1 years,body mass index:21.10 ± 0.6 kg/m2,and maximal oxygen consumption:48.5 ± 1.9 mL/kg/min)performed a 21 km time trial (TT)run on three occasions separated by at least 28 days.During the first 5 km,participants ran on the treadmill with 70％VO2max.Thereafter,the participants ran at whatever speed they wished for the remaining 16 km of the performance run.In each main trial,participants ingested the CEPS,CES,or PLA at a rate of 150 mL every 2.5 km.The blood samples,gas samples,heart rate,core temperature,and subjective measures were conducted every 5 km throughout the exercise.Results Time of TT run completion was slightly shorter (P ＜ 0.05)in the CES trial (97.8 ±1.6 min)than in the PLA trial (102.4 ± 2.4 min),with no significant differences between the CEPS trial (100.7 ± 2.9 min)and the other two trials (P＞0.05).There were no differences in core temperature,blood lactate,heart rate,CHO oxidation rate,fat oxidation rate,CHO oxidation amount,and fat oxidation amount among the different trials (all P＞0.05).The average blood glucose was higher in CES trial than PLA trial (P＜0.05).The average respiratory exchange rate was higher in CEPS trim than PLA trial (P＜0.05).Conclusion Compared with ingesting the PLA,ingesting the 6％ CES improves the 21 km TT run performance in recreational female runners.However,no additional benefit of CEPS was observed on endurance performance.
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Carcinoma of the esophagogastric junction can be radically resected through thorax or abdomen.Because abdominal operation can achieve more ideal abdominal lymph node dissection and less injury of respiratory function,it is ideal for the elderly patients and patients with poor pulmonary function.The classic laparoscopic radical gastrectomy needs a small abdominal incision for making tubular stomach and installation of stapling devices.All the procedures were completed via the main operating trocar.In November of 2011,a 65-year-old male patient with poor pulmonary function and carcinoma of the esophagogastric junction underwent modified total laparoscopic esophagogastric anastomosis.During the operation,the thorax esophagus was mobilized about 5 cm above the esophageal hiatus,then it was pulled to the abdominal cavity and transected.After inserting the OrVil via the mouth,the esophagogastric anastomosis was done.The operation went through smoothly and the procedure was completed conveniently and quickly.The patient recovered well after operation with no local recurrence and metastasis.
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Objective To observe the effect of acupuncture combined with traditional Chinese medicine on serum leptin contents and the expression of leptin receptor in the hypothalamus in simple obesity rats so as to explore the underlying mechanism. Methods A total of 120 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group and high grease group, which was established by fed with high fat forage for 16 weeks. 60 successful rat models were divided into shilianyin+electro-acupuncture group, fatness model group, and control group with random digits table. Electro-acupuncture was applied to Zusanli and Zhongwan, and Shilian-yin 22.4 g/kg was administered, once daily, for 14 days in the shilianyin + electro-acupuncture group; Fatness model group was lavaged with isotonic Na chloride 2 ml/kg; while the control group was lavaged with sibutramine 1.6 mg/kg. The body weight, body length and Lee's index were measured once every 10 days. Serum leptin contents were measured by radioimmunoassay, and leptin receptor expression was detected with immunohistochemistry. Results In comparison with fatness model group (13.401 ± 6.138) ng/ml, the serum leptin content of shilianyin+electro-acupuncture group decreased significantly (9.467+ 3.587) ng/ml (P<0.01) , and the number of leptin receptor expression increased considerably (leptin-acceptor masculine cell was 52.30±21.35piece/mm2) (P<0.01). Conclusion The benign regulation of acupuncture combined with traditional Chinese medicine on hypothalamus and serum leptin of obesity body is a significant joint of improving leptin-counteract and abnormal internal hormone metabolism.
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Objective To understand and analyse the epidemic status of human intestinal nematode infection in Jiangsu Province, so as to provide basis for making control measures. Methods The typical thirty-nine spots in thirteen counties among the sampling spots of National Investigation on Distribution of Human Parasites in 1990 were selected and investigated according to the Methods of National Investigation Scheme on Human Principal Parasites in 2004. Results The total prevalence was 3.88%, which decreased by 46.92% compared with the investigation in 2002 (7.31%). The infection rates of hookworm, Ascaris and Trichuris were 1.14%, 1.06% and 1.73%, respectively, and the proportion of light infection was 91.75%. The rate of multiple infections was 9.40%. The proportion of hookworm infection was 78.06% in Southern Jiangsu and the proportion of Ascaris or Trichuris was 89.03% in Northern Jiangsu. The infection rate of Enterobius was 3.72% among children aged less than 12 years. Conclusions The prevalence of intestinal nematodes has decreased to lower level in Jiangsu Province. The difference of prevalence in different regions has a relationship with the disease control and social-economic, culture and health levels. The principal control work should be still put in the northern part of Jiangsu Province. The preschool children and the middle and old age peasants are high-risk population. The different control measures should be taken in accordance with the situation of different regions in the future.
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Objective To understand the status and characteristics of principal human parasitic infections in rural areas of Jiangsu Province in order to provide basis for decision-making of practical control measures. Methods The survey data of principal human parasites in 58 sample sites of 19 counties (cities or areas) in Jiangsu Province were analysed on family clustering by G test, according to the methods of National Investigation Scheme on Principal Human Parasites. Results The infection of Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm, Trichuris trichinra and Clonorchis sinensis in the province had obvious family clustering, while those in each county (city or district) appeared different states in some-points with the changing of parasitic infection rates and infection degrees. Conclusions The infection rates and infection degrees of principal human parasites decrease obviously in Jiangsu Province. The family clustering is disappearing with the dropping of them. Chemotherapy in family and health education should be strengthened to consolidate the control results in future.
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Objective To understand the present status of human parasitic infections and their characteristics in rural areas of the southern part of Jiangsu Province, to provide basis of making practical control measures.Methods Four thousand and eighty-two people were examined with stool tests and those people were distributed in 8 slected spots in the southern part of Jiangsu Province,according to the methods of national investigation scheme on human principal parasites. Results The avarage infection rate of parasites was 6.71%. The male and female infection rates of parasites were 4.77% and 8.42%,respectively. There were significant differences (P
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Objective To investigate and analyze the changes of Ascaris lumbricoides infection in rural residents of Jiangsu Province during 13 years and its influencing factors in order to provide the basis of making practical policies for ascariasis control in future. Methods The data were analyzed about the rates of Ascaris infection and mass chemotherapy, per capita income, and the rates of the use of running water and hygienic toilets in the southern part, the middle part and the northern part of Jiangsu Province from 1990 to 2002, and the main influencing factors for Ascaris infection were explored. Results The prevalence rate of Ascaris infection decreased continuously during 13 years, from 39.51% to 2.14%, and the decrease rate was 94.58%. In 2002, the infection rate was the lowest, only 0.41%, decreased by 98.92% in the middle part of Jiangsu Province, and the infection rate was the highest, 5.09%, decreased by 89.97% in the northern part of Jiangsu Province. The accumulated rates of mass chemotherapy were 159.00% in middle part of Jiangsu Province,103.00% in the southern part of Jiangsu Province and 105.00% in the northern part of Jiangsu Prvince.The per capita income, the use of running water and hygienic latrines increased gradually from the northern part to the southern part and there were significant differences in the 3 survey regions. Conclusion The Ascaris infection rate is influenced by mass chemotherapy, economics and health conditions in rural residents, especially the mass chemotherapy.