Reliability of automated versus handheld breast ultrasound examinations of suspicious breast masses

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the reliability of automated breast ultrasound (ABUS) examinations of suspicious breast masses in comparison to handheld breast ultrasound (HHUS) with regard to Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category assessment, and to investigate the factors affecting discrepancies in categorization. METHODS: A total of 135 masses that were assessed as BI-RADS categories 4 and 5 on ABUS that underwent ultrasound (US)-guided core needle biopsy from May 2017 to December 2017 were included in this study. The BI-RADS categories were re-assessed using HHUS. Agreement of the BI-RADS categories was evaluated using kappa statistics, and the positive predictive value of each examination was calculated. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the mammography and US findings associated with discrepancies in the BI-RADS categorization. RESULTS: The overall agreement between ABUS and HHUS in all cases was good (79.3%, kappa=0.61, P<0.001). Logistic regression analysis revealed that accompanying suspicious microcalcifications on mammography (odds ratio [OR], 4.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.83 to 11.71; P=0.001) and an irregular shape on US (OR, 5.59; 95% CI, 1.43 to 21.83; P=0.013) were associated with discrepancies in the BI-RADS categorization. CONCLUSION: The agreement between ABUS and HHUS examinations in the BI-RADS categorization of suspicious breast masses was good. The presence of suspicious microcalcifications on mammography and an irregular shape on US were factors associated with ABUS yielding a lower level of suspicion than HHUS in terms of the BI-RADS category assessment.

A Comprehensive Review of Shoulder CT Morphometry: What Surgeons Wants to Know

A variety of surgical techniques have been employed for shoulder problems, i.e., arthroplasty, arthroscopy, and fracture fixation, etc. A thorough understanding and knowledge of the normal anatomy, physiology, biomechanics, and pathomechanics of the glenohumeral joint can help facilitate a successful pre-operative evaluation of the shoulder. The authors reviewed practical measurement methods of a shoulder computed tomography (CT) with three-dimensional volume-rendered images, from the orthopedic surgeon's viewpoint, to aid radiologists make structured reports. It is important that the radiologist be familiar with the normal and abnormal imaging appearances of the shoulder CT before and after the surgical procedures.