ABSTRACT
En este trabajo se presentan algunas evidencias que contribuyen a la verificación en condiciones de laboratorio, del estatus taxonómico de R. prolixus y R. robustus, por medio del estudio de la viabilidad de los híbridos entre ambas especies, mediante la caracterización morfológica y la determinación de parámetros reproductivos; además se aporta información que podría fundamentar un mecanismo de aislamiento reproductivo postcigótico. El estudio morfológico llevado a cabo en las diferentes ninfas (I, II, III, IV y V estadio) sobre el desarrollo de la callosidad postocular, la presencia de espinas en el primer y segundo segmento antenal y de un espolón en el primer segmento tarsal; reveló una variabilidad morfológica en los estadios ninfales de R. prolixus y R. robustus. Sólo el cruce híbrido de de R. robustus y de R. prolixus produjo huevos fértiles. Al comparar los parámetros reproductivos de los híbridos y los controles, se encontraron diferencias estadísti-camente significativas en la fertilidad, tiempo de desarrollo embrionario, tiempo preoviposición, supervivencia de los estadios ninfales del I, III y V.
Subject(s)
Male , Animals , Female , Rhodnius/anatomy & histology , Rhodnius/physiology , Fertility , Hybridization, Genetic , Insect Vectors/anatomy & histology , Nymph/anatomy & histology , Nymph/physiology , Oviposition/physiology , Rhodnius/growth & development , Species Specificity , Survival Analysis , Time FactorsABSTRACT
A statistical evaluation of the population dynamics of Panstrongylus geniculatus is based on a cohort experiment conducted under controlled laboratory conditions. Animals were fed on hen every 15 days. Egg incubation took 21 days; mean duration of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th instar nymphs was 25, 30, 58, 62 and 67 days, respectively; mean nymphal development time was 39 weeks and adult longevity was 72 weeks. Females reproduced during 30 weeks, producing an average of 61.6 eggs for female on its lifetime; the average number of eggs/female/week was 2.1. Total number of eggs produced by the cohort was 1379. Average hatch for the cohort was 88.9 per cent; it was not affected by age of the mother. Age specific survival and reproduction tables were constructed. The following population parameters were evaluated, generation time was 36.1 weeks; net reproduction rate was 89.4; intrinsic rate of natural increase was 0.125; instantaneous birth and death rates were 0.163 and 0.039 respectively; finite rate of increase was 1.13; total reproductive value was 1196 and stable age distribution was 31.2 per cent eggs, 64.7 per cent nymphs and 4.1 per cent adults. Finally the population characteristics of P. geniculatus lead to the conclusion that this species is a K strategist.
Subject(s)
Animals , Panstrongylus/growth & development , Venezuela , Vital StatisticsABSTRACT
A male of Triatoma ryckmani Zeledón & Ponce, 1972, was studied by scanning electron microscopy. Only few specimens of this species are known. In this paper, some structures from the head, thorax, abdomen and distal region of the second leg are shown. Some of them could have taxonomic importance, as the oculo-ocellar region, the buccula, the anterolateral angle of the collar, the scutellum with the process longer than the main body, the stridulatory sulcus with an unusual backward vermiform area and the tibia-tarsal articulation, with a spongy fossula. The last structure was absent in specimens previously studied (Lent & Wygodzinsky 1979). Differences between this specimen and others previously described by several authors are discussed.