Role of YAP1 in carcinogenesis and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer / 中国肿瘤临床

Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1), one of the main effectors in the Hippo signaling pathway, is significantly correlated with high tumor grade, lymph node metastasis, advanced stage, and poor prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Re-cently, several studies have shown that YAP1 can increase proliferation, invasiveness, and migration of NSCLC cells; promote self-re-newal and angiogenic mimicry of cancer stem cells; and decrease sensitivity to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and epidermal growth fac-tor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Moreover, the relationship between YAP1 and PD-L1 revealed the important role of YAP1 in im-munotherapy against NSCLC. Further, preclinical studies reported roles of verteporfin, one drug targeting YAP1, such as inhibition of NSCLC cell proliferation, reduction in cancer stem cell activity, and restoration of treatment sensitivity. This review summarizes the above advancements, discussing the importance and necessity of target therapy against YAP1 in NSCLC.

The vascular and neurogenic factors associated with erectile dysfunction in patients after pelvic fractures

ABSTRACT Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common complication of pelvic fractures. To identify the vascular and neurogenic factors associated with ED, 120 patients admitted with ED after traumatic pelvic fracture between January 2009 and June 2013 were enrolled in this study. All patients answered the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) questionnaire. Nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT) testing confirmed the occurrence of ED in 96 (80%) patients on whom penile duplex ultrasound and neurophysiological testing were further performed. Of these ED patients 29 (30%) were demonstrated only with vascular abnormality, 41 (42.7%) were detected only with neural abnormality, 26 (27.1%) revealed mixed abnormalities. Of the 55 patients (29+26) with vascular problems, 7 patients (12.7%) with abnormal arterial response to intracavernous injection of Bimix (15mg papaverine and 1mg phentolamine), 31 (56.4%) with corporal veno-occlusive dysfunction and 17 (30.9%) had both problems. Of the 67 (41+26) patients with abnormal neurophysiological outcomes, 51 (76.1%) with abnormal bulbocavernosus reflex (BCR), 20 (29.9%) with pathological pudendal nerve evoked potentials (PDEPs) and 25 (37.3%) with abnormal posterior tibial somatosensory nerve evoked potentials (PTSSEPs). Our observation indicated that neurogenic factors are important for the generation of ED in patients with pelvic fracture; venous impotence is more common than arteriogenic ED.

Clinical application of ultrasound three perpendicular planes plus special planes in diagnosis of fetal cleft lip/palate / 中华医学超声杂志（电子版）

Objective To study the clinical significance of the method of three perpendicular planes plus special planes in diagnosing fetal cleft lip /palate by prenatal ultrasound .Methods The approach of three perpendicular planes and special planes were used in diagnosing 110 cases of cleft lip/palate.The sonogram features in each section were analyzed and the outcomes were recorded during follow-up.Results On prenatal ultrsound ,110 cases were examined with three perpendicular planes method .The coronary section could be displayed at 100%cases (110 cases), sagittal section 76.4%cases (84 cases),transverse section 96.4%cases (106 cases) and parasagittal section 25.5%cases (28 cases).With special planes method,74 cases were examined .The section through pyriform aperture could be displayed in 47 cases,in 45 cases on the section through the lower lip/lower jaw/submandibular triangle ,and in 16 cases on the section through the cheek.Combining the three perpendicular planes and special planes methods ,94.5%(104/110) cases could be diagnosed definitely.Six cases (5.5%,6/110) were missed because of fetal position or oligoamnios . Conclusions The method of three perpendicular planes plus special planes is effective in prenatal ultrasound diagnosing cleft lip/palate,which is of great help in improving prenatal diagnostic accuracy of fetal cleft lip/palate.

Granulocytic sarcoma presenting in two patients without leukemia / 대한내과학회지

Granulocytic sarcoma (GS) is a rare extramedullary tumor composed of immature myeloid precursor cells. GS is associated with acute or chronic myeloid leukemia; it has rarely been reported in non-leukemic patients. We report two cases of GS with unusual presentations; neither had bone marrow involvement. The first case was a GS presenting with multiple intra-abdominal masses in a 43-year-old man. Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen showed masses in the small bowel and right adrenal gland. The second case was a patient with a GS presenting with symptoms of spinal cord compression in a 32-year-old man. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an extradural mass in the spinal canal at the T3-T5 levels. Blood smear and bone marrow studies were normal. These cases show that GS should be included in the differential diagnosis of intra-abdominal masses and extradural spinal cord tumors, even in the absence of leukemia.

Hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis in pregnancy: A case report / 대한내과학회지

Hypertriglyceridemia-induced pancreatitis is a rare, but serious, complication of pregnancy. We report a case of acute pancreatitis associated with type V hyperlipoproteinemia in pregnancy. A 36-year-old primigravida was admitted at 16 weeks of gestation with severe abdominal pain. Chemical analysis showed high serum pancreatic enzymes and very high serum triglyceride. Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed diffuse swelling of the pancreas and a peripancreatic fluid collection. A diagnosis of acute pancreatitis with type V hyperlipoproteinemia was made. She recovered from the acute pancreatitis with conservative management and the serum triglyceride decreased rapidly with dietary restriction of fat, insulin/glucose, fenofibrate, and omega-3. We review the management of hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis in pregnancy.

Study on the injection practices of health facilities in Jingzhou district, Hubei, China.

BACKGROUND: Some studies indicate unsafe injection practices, which are associated with the transmission of blood-borne pathogens, exist extensively, in the developing countries. AIMS: To investigate the status of injection services, knowledge and attitude of health workers with regard to injection practices at all levels of the health facilities in Jingzhou district of China; and to provide useful scientific data in order to formulate a feasible, standard measure on injection safety. SETTINGS: Four district health care facilities, 6 township health centers, 14 village clinics and 14 community health stations. DESIGN: A retrospective cross-sectional study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: By examining the medical records in 2004, observing injection practices and interviewing health workers, the quantitative and qualitative data were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: Out of 1,452 medical records sampled, 1,450 patients had received at least one injection in the period of hospitalization, with an injection rate of about 100% and an average of 10.9 injections per patient. The most frequent injected drug was antibiotic (48%, 7,674/15,857). The prescriptions of 5,655 outpatients were detected, with an injection rate of 52% (2,962). The field observation found that the proportion of unsafe injections was 16% (28/175) and that of unnecessary injections was 57% (99/175). Among 118 professional employees interviewed, those who knew that human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus and hepatitis B virus might be transmitted by the contaminated syringes and needles accounted for 95% (112), 59% (70) and 89% (105) respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Among the medical facilities of Jingzhou district, the injection rate was very high and the quality of injection practices should be further improved.

Preparation of compound clemastine cream and its clinical efficacy for the treatment of seasonal contact dermatitis in the face / 药学实践杂志

OBJECTIVE：To prepare compound clemastine cream(COC)and to evaluate its clinical efficacy for the treatment of seasonal contact dermatitis in the face.METHODS:The preparation was obtained by traditional o/w method.94 outpatients and inpatients were randomly divided into active group(COC group)and control group(Kangfulire ointment group).RESULTS:The healing rate and the total efficient rate were significantly higher than those of control group(p＜0.01，p＜0.05).CONCLUSION:COC has reliable clinical efficacy and has little side effects,so it is one of the specific preparations for the treatment of contact dermatitis and it can be widely used in the clinics.