ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo investigate the possible mechanism of Ruyi Heibai Power （如意黑白散， RHP） in the treatment of vitiligo. MethodsTwenty-four C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into blank group， model group， high-dose and low-dose RHP groups， with 6 mice in each group. Model group， high- and low-dose RHP groups were all applied hydroquinone to establish vitiligo animal model. After modeling， High- and low-dose RHP groups were given 7.02 g/kg and 2.34 g/kg of RHP by gavage， respectively， while the blank group and model group were intragastrically given 10ml/kg of normal saline， once a day for 36 days. After administration， the skin lesions were observed with naked eye， and HE staining was used to observe the melanin content of the skin lesions. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression of CD3+ and CD8+ T cells in skin tissue. Immunofluorescence staining was used to measure the expression of programmed death receptor 1 （PD-1） in the skin lesion tissue. RT-PCR was used to detect programmed cell death ligand 1 （PD-L1） mRNA expression. ELISA was used to detect serum superoxide dismutase （SOD）， tumor necrosis factor （TNF-α）， and tyrosinase （TYR） levels. ResultsCompared to those in the blank group， the skin of the mice in the model group was pale， and the melanin content was significantly reduced under the microscope after HE staining； the rate of excellent and good skin lesions decreased， and the melanin granules in the cells around the epidermis and hair follicles decreased significantly； the expression of CD3+ and CD8+ T cells in skin tissue increased significantly， and the expressions of PD-L1 mRNA and PD-1 decreased； the content of TYR decreased， while the content of SOD and TNF-α increased （P＜0.05）. Compared to those in the model group， the skin color of high- and low-dose RHP groups were deepened， and the melanin content increased； the rate of excellent and good skin lesions increased， as well as the melanin granules in the spinous cell layer， basal cells and hair follicles； the expression of CD3+ and CD8+ T cells in the skin lesions decreased， while PD-L1 mRNA and PD-1 expression increased； the content of TYR increased， while the content of SOD and TNF-α decreased （P＜0.05）. Compared to the low-dose RHP group， the high-dose group had a larger pigment recovery area in the modeling area， an increased rate of excellent and good skin lesions， an increase in spinous cell layer， basal cells， and hair follicle melanin granules， a decrease in CD3+ and CD8+ T cells expression， an increase in the expression of PD-L1 mRNA and PD-1， an elevated TYR content， and decreased SOD and TNF-α contents （P＜0.05）. ConclusionRHP can increase skin melanin content of vitiligo mice.The mechanism of action may be related to activating the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway， and then reducing the destruction of melanocytes by T cell-mediated autoimmunity.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE：To ev aluate pha rmacoeconomics of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate preventing liver damage induced by chemotherapeutic drugs for gastric cancer ，and to provide reference for rational use of liver-protecting drugs. METHODS ：Totally 200 inpatient medical records were collected from our hospital retrospectively during Jan. 2018-Feb. 2020，and then divided into group A （prophylactic use of magnesium isoglycolate ，50 cases），group B （prophylactic use of magnesium isoglycolate combined with TCM prescriptions ，50 cases），group C （prophylactic use of polyene phosphatidylcholine ，50 cases） and group D （non-prophylactic use of liver-protection drugs ，50 cases）. The effects （total response rate ）of four plans preventing liver damage were evaluated. Pharmacoeconomic evaluation was analyzed by cost-minimization analysis and cost-effectiveness method ， sensitivity analysis was carried out at the same time . RESULTS ：Total response rates of group A ，B，C and D were 94.00％， 96.00％，82.00％ and 72.00％. The total response rates of group A and B had no statistical significance （P＞0.05），but were significantly higher than those of group C and D （P＜0.05）；total response rate of group C was significantly higher than that of group D （P＜0.05）. The costs of groups A ，B，C and D were 1 936.70，2 086.96，1 800.91，2 975.42 yuan. The cost-minimization analysis was used to compare the therapeutic plan of group A and B ，and plan of group A was more economical. The cost-effectiveness method was used to compare therapeutic plan between group C and D ，and the plan of group C was more economical. The cost-effectiveness method was used to compare therapeutic plan between group A and C ，and the cost-effectiveness ratio of 2 groups were 2 060.32 and 2 196.2 3，incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was 1 131.58，and the plan of group A was more economical. Above conclusion were supported by the results of sensitivity analysis. CONCLUSIONS ：The cost-effectiveness of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate preventing liver damage induced by chemotherapeutic drugs for gastric cancer is better than magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate combined with TCM prescription ， polyene phosphatidylcholine and non-prophylactic use of liver-protecting drugs ，showing economical advantage.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the antihypertensive effect of compound Yibazhen granules on spontaneous hypertensive rats ( SHR) . Methods Wistar rats were served as normal control group. Sixty SHR were randomly divided into model control group,captopril group,Jane chrysanthemum antihypertension tablet group and compound high dose group,middle dose group and low dose group ( n = 10 each group ) by digital table method. Captopril group was given captopril 30 mg.kg-1 .d-1 ,and Jane chrysanthemum antihypertension tablet group was treated with Jane chrysanthemum antihypertension tablet ( 0. 6 tablet per kg ) , compound Yibazhen granules high dose group, middle dose group and low dose group received compound of 13.18,6.59 and 3.3 mg.kg-1 .d-1 ,respectively. Normal control group and model control group were intragastrically administered with 0.9% sodium chloride solution for 8 weeks. Changes of systolic and diastolic blood pressure of rats and blood urea,creatinine,nitric oxide (NO),nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ) were observed. Results Diastolic pressure of rats in compound Yibazhen granules high dose group, middle dose group and low dose group decreased significantly in 2 weeks. Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure of compound Yibazhen granules high dose group decreased significantly in 4 weeks,compared with the model control group (P<0.05). Compared with the model control group, concentration of urea and crea in compound Yibazhen granules high dose group, middle dose group and low dose group were significantly lower( P<0.05) . The content of NOS and AngⅡ in rats of compound Yibazhen granules high dose group decreased significantly and the contents of NO increased, which were compared with the model control group ( P<0. 05, P<0. 01 ) . Conclusion The protective effect of compound Yibazhen granules in treating early renal damage in SHR is related to decreasing diastolic blood pressure,concentration of urea,crea and AngⅡ and regulating the levels of NOS and NO.