Current status of hepatitis C virus infection and progress in its elimination in China / 临床肝胆病杂志

Hepatitis C virus （HCV） can develop into liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma， imposing a heavy burden on the patient’s family and the society. Hepatitis C is one of the major public threats for humans， and eliminating hepatitis C is a common goal of all humans. Direct-acting antiviral agents （DAAs） are currently a relatively safe treatment regimen for hepatitis C that can reach a relatively high cure rate and can target different HCV genotypes， making it possible to eliminate HCV infection. China actively promotes the clinical application of DAAs， accelerates drug approval， improves the accessibility of DAAs， and strengthens population intervention. National Medical Insurance Administration has gradually included DAAs in the national medical insurance directory， providing strong support for eliminating HCV infection. In response to the WHO’s goal of eliminating viral hepatitis as a public health hazard by 2030， China has successively released national strategic plans and action plans in recent years， making significant achievements in HCV infection elimination， forming a joint prevention and control system across multiple sectors of the society， and ultimately achieving the goal of eliminating HCV infection. With a focus on the current status of HCV infection in China and prominent prevention and control strategies， this article analyzes and summarizes the practical process of the prevention， control， and micro-elimination of HCV infection， in order to provide a policy reference for carrying out HCV elimination in China and help to achieve the goal of comprehensive elimination of HCV infection.

Safety of interferon β-1a for treatment of COVID-19： a real-world study based on FAERS database / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the safety of interferon β-1a for treatment of corona virus disease 2019 （COVID-19）， and to provide references for interferon β-1a's clinical application. MethodsThis study was conducted with the database from US Food and Drug Administration adverse event reporting system （FAERS） from January 1， 2015 to March 31， 2021. Information component （IC） and reporting odds ratio （ROR） methods were applied for signal mining. ResultsA total of 463 700 records of COVID-19 were selected for analysis， and 45 positive drug adverse event signals were detected. Headache （IC025=1.09， ROR025=2.28）， pyrexia （IC025=0.51， ROR025=1.51） and multiple sclerosis relapse （IC025=3.67， ROR025=14.71） were positive adverse events with higher frequency. Autoimmune disorder （IC025=4.42， ROR025=24.03）， streptococcal infection （IC025=4.12， ROR025=19.82）， and multiple sclerosis relapse （IC025=3.67， ROR025=14.71） were positive adverse events. Acute lung injury， cardio-respiratory arrest and metabolic acidosis were associated with a higher proportion and frequency of death. ConclusionThere are certain safety issues with interferon β-1a in the treatment of COVID-19， and some adverse events with high frequency and high death rate deserve further attention by medical staffs.

18F-FDG PET/CT combined with tumor markers for diagnosis of non stage ⅠA limited-stage small cell lung cancer / 中国医学影像技术

Objective To observe the value of 18F-FDG PET/CT combined with tumor markers for diagnosis of non stageⅠ A limited-stage small cell lung cancer(LS-SCLC).Methods Totally 87 cases of non stage Ⅰ A LS-SCLC(LS-SCLC group),137 of non stage Ⅰ A non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC,NSCLC group)and 48 cases of pulmonary inflammatory lesions(inflammatory group)were enrolled.Patients'general data,tumor marker levels and PET/CT findings were comparatively analyzed.Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the efficacy of parameters for diagnosing non stage Ⅰ A LS-SCLC.Results There were significant differences of patients'age,neuron-specific enolase(NSE),pro-gastrin-releasing peptide(ProGRP),carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),squamous cell carcinoma antigen(SCCA)and cytokeratin-19-fragment(CYFRA21-1),as well as of the maximum lesion diameter,maximum standard uptake value(SUVmax),morphology,spiculation sign,relationship between long axis and bronchus,lymph node fusion and proportion of lymph node with higher SUVmax than primary lesion among 3 groups(all P＜0.05).The area under the curve(AUC)of the combination of spiculation sign,NSE＞23.5 μg/L,ProGRP＞111.8 ng/L,SCCA≤2.5 μg/L and CYFRA21-1≤7.4 μg/L for differentiating LS-SCLC and NSCLC was 0.91,higher than that of each single parameter(all P＜0.05).AUC of the combination of SUVmax＞8.1,NSE＞19.4 μg/L,ProGRP＞72.5 ng/L and lymph node fusion for differentiating LS-SCLC and pulmonary inflammatory lesions was 0.99,higher than each single parameter(all P＜0.05).Conclusion 18F-FDG PET/CT combined with tumor markers ProGRP and NSE was helpful for diagnosing non stage ⅠA LS-SCLC.

Effect of citric acid-induced cough on swallowing function and serum substance P levels in stroke patients with early tracheotomy / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of citric acid-induced cough on swallowing function and serum substance P in stroke patients with early tracheotomy.Methods:Forty-nine post-stroke tracheotomy patients admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2018 to July 2019 were selected as study subjects. They were divided into intervention group ( n=24) and control group ( n=25) using the random digit table. The control group was subjected to routine nursing, while the intervention group was given citric acid to induce cough based on routine care. The intervention time was 1 week. The swallowing function and serum substance P levels were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention. Results:After the intervention, 45.8% (11/24) of the patients in the intervention group were assessed as having "strong" swallowing function, compared to 28.0% (7/25) in the control group, with a statistically significant difference in swallowing function between the two groups ( Z= -2.22, P<0.05), and the level of substance P in the intervention group was (283.40 ± 134.82) ng/L, significantly higher than that of the control group (203.59 ± 126.16) ng/L ( t=2.14, P<0.05). Conclusions:Citric acid-induced cough helped stroke patients with early tracheotomy to produce effective swallowing action and up-regulate substance P in serum to promote recovery of swallowing function.

Effectiveness and safety of docetaxel combined with cisplatin in the second-line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer in older adult patients / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the effectiveness and safety of docetaxel combined with cisplatin in the second-line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer in older adult patients.Methods:120 older adult patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer who received second-line treatment in Jiaozhou People's Hospital from January 2017 to December 2019 were included in this study. They were randomly assigned to undergo treatment with docetaxel (control group, n = 60) or docetaxel + cisplatin (observation group, n = 60). Clinical efficacy and complications were compared between the two groups. Results:After chemotherapy, short-term total response rate was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group [70.00% (42/60) vs. 33.33% (20/60), χ2 = 16.15, P < 0.05]. Serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 125, cytokeratin 19-fragment CYFRA21-1 were (22.57 ± 3.22) μg/L, (48.61 ± 5.42) U/mL, (10.61 ± 1.64) μg/L, respectively in the observation group, which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(35.52 ± 4.46) μg/L, (69.64 ± 7.75) U/mL, (14.26 ± 1.95) μg/L, t = 18.23, 17.22, 11.09, all P < 0.001]. The percentages of CD 3+ and CD 4+ cells were (78.31 ± 8.09)% and (48.63 ± 5.74)%, respectively in the observation group, which were significantly higher than those in the control group [(69.58 ± 7.26)%, (39.82 ± 4.25)%, t = -6.22, -9.55, both P < 0.001]. The percentage of CD 8+ was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group [(22.64 ± 3.82)% vs. (26.77 ± 4.01)%, t = 5.77, P < 0.001). The 1-year survival was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group ( χ2 = 4.05, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions during chemotherapy between the two groups ( P > 0.05). Conclusion:Docetaxel combined with cisplatin is highly effective on advanced non-small cell lung cancer in older adult patients. The combined therapy can decrease serum tumor marker levels, improve immune function, and increase 1-year survival rate. It is safe and provides reliable efficacy and thereby is worthy of clinical promotion.

Research progress of triple therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / 中国医师杂志

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic airway disease, which is mainly characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and irreversible airflow limitation, with high prevalence and high mortality. Exacerbations of COPD will lead to deterioration of lung function and disease progression, which is the focus of COPD management. Pharmacological therapy for COPD is used to improve symptoms, lung function and health status, prevent and treat exacerbation. Triple inhaled therapy for COPD includes long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA), long-acting β 2-agonist (LABA) and inhaled corticosteroid (ICS). This article will review the research progress of triple inhaled therapy for COPD, and provide a reference for the clinical management of COPD.

Value of hepatitis E virus nucleic acid, antigen, and antibodies in the diagnosis of hepatitis E virus infection / 临床肝胆病杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the role of hepatitis E virus nucleic acid (HEV RNA), hepatitis E virus antigen (HEV Ag), hepatitis E virus antibodies (HEV IgM antibody and HEV IgG antibody) in the clinical diagnosis of hepatitis E virus infection. MethodsA total of 13 992 specimens, for which the detection of HEV IgM antibody and HEV IgG antibody were performed in Peking University People’s Hospital, were collected, among which 1924 had positive HEV IgM antibody or HEV IgG antibody. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to determine HEV RNA and HEV genotype, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect HEV Ag, HEV IgM antibody, and HEV IgG antibody and measure the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBil), and direct bilirubin (DBil). The non-parametric rank sum Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of continuous data between groups. ResultsAmong the 1924 specimens with positive HEV IgM antibody or HEV IgG antibody, 152(7.9%) had positive HEV IgM antibody, 1897(986%) had positive HEV IgG antibody, 62(3.2%) had positive HEV RNA, and 55(2.9%) had positive HEV Ag. Among the 152 specimens with positive HEV IgM antibody, 62(40.8%) had positive HEV RNA, and 55(36.2%) had positive HEV Ag, and among the 62 specimens with positive HEV RNA, 55(88.7%) had positive HEV Ag. The HEV RNA-positive group with 62 specimens had significantly higher levels of ALT, AST, TBil, and DBil than the HEV RNA-negative group with 90 specimens (Z=-7.609, -6.942, -5.815, and -6.130, all P＜0.001), and the HEV Ag-positive group with 55 specimens had significantly higher levels of ALT, AST, TBil, and DBil than the HEV Ag-negative group with 97 specimens (Z=-6.413, -5.786, -5.199, and -5.545, all P＜0.001). Nested PCR amplification and sequencing showed that in the HEV RNA-positive group with 62 specimens, 58 had positive HEV RNA and 4 had negative HEV RNA. The high level of positive HEV IgG antibody significantly reduced the S/CO value of HEV Ag detection and even yielded a negative result. ConclusionCompared with HEV antibodies, HEV Ag can improve the diagnostic level of hepatitis E and has certain clinical significance. High levels of aminotransferases or bilirubin can help with the diagnosis of hepatitis E. The high level of HEV IgG antibody may reduce the detection value of HEV Ag, and attention should be paid to HEV IgG antibody value when HEV Ag is negative.

Stem cell therapy for Alzheimer’s disease: research status and developmental trend / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease is a degenerative brain disease, and there are no known drugs for curing Alzheimer's disease. Stem cell transplantation provides a new therapeutic method for Alzheimer's disease. OBJECTIVE: To reveal the theme, evolutionary path and research progress of stem cell therapy for Alzheimer's disease, in a bid to provide reference for the research and clinical treatment of Alzheimer's disease. METHODS: A computer search of CNKI, CBM, ISI Web of knowledge, and Embace was performed with the keywords of "Alzheimer's disease" and "stem cells" + "Alzheimer's disease," in Chinese and English, respectively We conducted a visualized knowledge mapping and literature review of stem cell therapy for Alzheimer's disease using CiteSpace software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The evolutionary path of research on stem cell therapy for Alzheimer's disease is closely related to stem cell transplantation research. The main line of this research is single and prominent, which is developed and implemented based on the keywords of "Alzheimer's disease - stem cells, neural stem cells - transplantation - bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells, beta-amyloid - tissue engineering," and the core domains composed by these Human stem cell clinical trials are ongoing in the early stage. The safety, efficacy and ethical issues of stem cells should be emphasized. The regulation of stem cell differentiation should become an issue of concern, and individualized stem cell treatment should be implemented as soon as possible.

Comparison of quick sequential organ failure assessment, reforming and quick sequential organ failure assessmentand CRB 65 scores for the prognosis of emergency patients with community acquired pneumonia / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To explore the early predictive value of quick sequential organ failure assessment (qSOFA score), reforming and quick sequential organ failure assessment (qSOFA65 score) and CRB65 score in emergency community acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients. Methods According to the inclusion criteria, 520 cases were collected. qSOFA, qSOFA65, CRB65 scores were calculated and compared between the survival group and the death group, and between the non-machine ventilation (MV) group and the MV group. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn and the prediction ability of the three scoring systems was compared by the area under the ROC curve (AUC). Results Of the 520 patients, 485 patients (93.3%) were alive, 35 patients (6.7%) died, 451 patients (86.7%) were non MV, and 69 patients (13.3%) were MV. The scores of qSOFA, qSOFA65 and CRB65 in survival group and death group, non MV group and MV group had significant differences (P<0.05). AUC of qSOFA, qSOFA65, CRB65 scores in predicting the incidence of MV in patients were 0.726, 0.785, 0.772 (qSOFA65>CRB65>qSOFA), and the optimal cut-off values were 1, 2, 1 score; AUC in the prediction of death in patients were 0.725, 0.772, 0.756 (qSOFA65 > CRB65 > qSOFA), and the optimal cut-off value was 1, 2, 2 scores. Conclusions qSOFA, qSOFA65 and CRB65 scores can predict early prognosis of CAP patients, and the qSOFA65 score is best. When qSOFA65 ≥ 2 scroes, patients with suspected CAP may have a poor prognosis.

Study on the Quick Daily Check for Medical Electron LINAC / 中国医疗器械杂志

This study presents an electronic portal imaging devices (EPIDs) based on daily check tool for Linac that is usable for different cancer centers.Several images of open rectangle fields were acquired with EPID and the key items of daily Linac check were derived from the obtained images using an in-house developed automatic analysis software.The experiment results showed that each parameter calculated by this tool is as reliable as the corresponding result measured by the commercial quality assurance devices and its measuring efficiency is much higher.

Screening for hepatitis C virus infection in Peking University People’s Hospital in 2015-2018 / 临床肝胆病杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate missed detection in the screening for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in a general hospital in 2015-2018. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for the data of 3659 patients who attended People’s Hospital, Peking University, from 2015 to 2018 and underwent the detection of anti-HCV and HCV RNA. Architect I2000 by Abbott and Vitros 3600 by Johnson and Johnson were used to measure anti-HCV, and the Roche Cobas AmpliPrep/Cobas Taqman 96 automatic virus quantification system was used to measure HCV RNA. The specimens were collected from the patients with positive HCV RNA and negative anti-HCV, and Sanger sequencing was used to determine HCV genotype. The patients were followed up to observe the status of HCV infection and clinical conditions. The signal-to-cut-off (S/CO) ratio was used to express the results of anti-HCV detection. GraphPad Prism 5.0 was used to plot the distribution map of the S/CO ratio of anti-HCV. ResultsOf all 3659 patients, 6 (0.16%) had negative anti-HCV based on at least one reagent and positive HCV RNA, with a mean level of (6.40±1.86)log10 IU/ml. Among these 6 patients, 5 (83%) had acute leukemia and 1 had respiratory disease; among these patients, 1 had good prognosis, 3 had poor prognosis, and 2 died. ConclusionWhen antibody is used as the primary screening method for HCV infection, the rate of missed detection reaches 0.16%, and most of these patients have poor prognosis. HCV RNA detection should be performed for patients with immunodeficiency to avoid missed detection.

Moderate-to-vigorous intensity physicaL activity in earLy pregnancy reduces risk of gestationaL diabetes meLLitus / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) in early pregnancy on the onset of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Sichuan Province. Methods A case-control study was performed on 1 508 gravidas at 8-14 gestational weeks in Sichuan Provincial Hospital for Women and Children from February to July, 2017. Baseline information during early pregnancy was collected through questionnaires. Information on time and intensity of physical activity were collected through pregnancy physical activity questionnaire. The time spent in MVPA was calculated and was categorized as active ( ≥ 3.5 h/week) or inactive MVPA (<3.5 h/week). Based on self-reported pre-pregnancy weights collected by questionnaire as well as the measured heights, body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy was calculated. After a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 24-28 gestational weeks, all subjects were divided into GDM (n=561) or non-GDM group (n=947), according to the GDM diagnostic criteria of the Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pregnancy Diabetes in China (2014). Mann-Whitney U test and Chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between the time of MVPA in early pregnancy and GDM incidence. ResuLts The median time spent in MVPA [M(P25-P75)] in early pregnancy was 3.00 (0.50-3.12) h/week, and 345 gravidas (22.9%) were classified as active in MVPA. After the control of confounding factors such as age, gravidity and parity history, and pre-pregnancy BMI, the multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the inactive group, the risk of GDM of active MVPA gravidas was reduced by 26.1% (OR=0.739, 95%CI: 0.553-0.989, P=0.042). Among primigravidas and primiparae, the risk of GDM in active MVPA gravidas was decreased by 47.6% and 44.3% than the inactive ones, respectively (primigravidas: OR=0.524, 95%CI: 0.297-0.925, P=0.026; primiparae: OR=0.557, 95%CI: 0.357-0.868, P=0.010). ConcLusions Insufficient physical activity in early pregnancy is common in gravidas in Sichuan, China. The risk of GDM could be reduced if the frequency of MVPA during early pregnancy is no less than 3.5 h/week, especially in primigravidas and primiparae.

Effect of sodium houttuyfonate on the expression of PI3K, AKT1 and mTOR mRNA in the lung of rat models of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / 中国实验动物学报

Objective To investigate the effect of sodium houttuyfonate on the expression of PI3K and AKT1 and mTOR mRNA in the lung of rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),and reveal the possible mechanism of the COPD treated with sodium houttuyfonate. Methods Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group,model control group,dexamethasone group and sodium houttuyfonate group(n=6 for each). The rat models of COPD were established by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide and smudging. The expressions of PI3K and AKT1 and mTOR mRNA were determined by real-time PCR. The morphological changes of the lung tissue was examined by histopathology. Results Compared with the normal control group,the expressions of PI3K and AKT1 were significantly in-creased and mTOR mRNA was significantly decreased in the model group(P<0.01,P<0.05). Compared with the mod-el group,the expressions of PI3K and AKT1 were significantly decreased and mTOR mRNA was significantly increased in the sodium houttuyfonate group and dexamethasone group(P<0.01,P<0.05). Compared with the dexamethasone group, the expression of mTOR mRNA was significantly increased in the sodium houttuyfonate group(P<0.05). The pathological observation indicated that there were local pulmonary consolidation and a extensive neutrophil infiltration in the alveolar cav-ity. Prominent pulmonary interstitial fibrous hyperplasia was observed in the model group. The pathological manifestations were much ameliorated than those of the model group,and only mild interstitial pneumonia and a slight fibrous hyperplasia were seen in the sodium houttuyfonate and the dexamethasone groups. Conclusions Sodium houttuyfonate reduces the in-jury of lung tissue and has protective effect on COPD rats. The mechanism is probably related to the down-regulatation of expression of PI3K and AKT1 mRNA and up-regulatation of expression of mTOR mRNA in COPD rats.

The prevalence and risk factors of metabolic syndrome among hepatitis C patients in Chinese Han population / 中华传染病杂志

Objective To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of metabolic syndrome among hepatitis C patients in Chinese Han population .Methods This was a multicenter ,cross-sectional study . A total of 997 Chinese Han patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection were enrolled .Demographic data ,anthropometric data and clinical parameters related to metabolic syndrome were collected .Statistical analysis was performed by t-test (normal distribution) or Mann-Whitney U two-sample test (non-normal distribution) and χ test .Binary logistic regression analyses were used to determine the parameters significantly related to metabolic syndrome .Results Among the 997 patients ,170 (17 .1%) patients were diagnosed with metabolic syndrome .Binary logistic regression showed that genotype 2 (OR＝1 .594 ;95% CI :1 .045－2 .431 , P＝ 0 .030) ,older age (OR＝ 1 .040 ;95% CI :1 .022 －1 .058 , P＜ 0 .01) , overweight (OR＝3 .876 ;95% CI :2 .593－5 .792 ,P＜0 .01) ,fatty liver history (OR＝2 .106 ;95% CI : 1 .384－3 .204 ,P＝0 .001) ,homeostasis model assessment insulin (HOMA-IR) (OR＝1 .263 ;95% CI :1 .118－1 .427 , P＜0 .01) ,fasting insulin (OR＝0 .949 ;95% CI :0 .915 －0 .985 , P＝0 .006) ,lower serum albumin level (OR＝0 .957 ;95% CI :0 .915 －1 .000 , P＝0 .049) and higher γ-GT level (OR＝1 .004 ;95% CI :1 .000 －1 .008 , P＝ 0 .0041 ) were all significantly associated with the presence of metabolic syndrome .Conclusions Hepatitis C patients with genotype 2 ,older age ,overweight ,fatty liver history ,higher HOMA-IR ,lower fasting insulin level ,lower serum albumin level or higher γ-GT level should be screened for metabolic syndrome .

Liver injury induced by hydrodynamic injection and natural repair of liver in mice / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To observe the morphological features of liver injury induced by hydrodynamic injection, and to explore the procedure and mechanism of liver repair. Methods:Twenty-five female Balb/c mice were intravenously injected with large volume of saline solution(1.8-2.0 mL)in 3 s. The mice were divided into 30 min,8 h,1 d,3 d,and 7 d groups according to the post-injection time.Each group contained 5 mice.Six non-injected mice were used as control group.The blood samples from angular vein of the mice were collected to detect the levels of alanine transaminase(ALT).The morphological features of liver tissue of the mice in various groups were observed with HE staining.The proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA)protein expressions in liver tissue of the mice in various groups were detected by immunohistochemical saining.The expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6),epidermal growth factor(EGF),hepatocyte growth factor (HGF),transforming growth factor-α(TGF-α),Cyclin D1,vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),Bax and Bcl-2 mRNA were determined by Real-time PCR.Results:Compared with control group,the ratio of liver weight/original body weight in 8 h group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in 7 d group(P>0.05).Compared with control group,the serum ALT level in 1 d group was significantly elevated (P<0.01),but there was no significant difference in 7 d group(P>0.05).Compared with control group,the liver tissue of the mice in 30 min group showed hepatocyte swollen and small hemorrhagic area,and the number of hepatocytes per high power field was significantly declined(q=4.760,P<0.05)under microscope.Compared with 30 min group,the number of swollen cells was decreased in 8 h group,the hemorrhagic and necrotic area enlarged, both of the hepatocyte number and binuclear hepatocyte number per high power field were significantly increased (q=7.310,P<0.01;q=7.200,P<0.01).Compared with 8 h group,the hemorrhagic and necrotic areas in 1 d group were reduced,both of the hepatocyte number and binuclear hepatocyte number per high power field were significantly decreased(q=4.966,P<0.05;q=6.596,P<0.01);there were no significant differences compared with control group(P>0.05).The hemorrhagic and necrotic areas almost disappeared in 3 d group.The histological appearance of liver tissue of the mice in 7 d group was same as control group.Compared with control group,the PCNA indexes in hepatocytes in 8 h and 1 d groups were significantly increased(t=4.458,P<0.01;t=15.557,P<0.01);there was no significant difference in 7 d group(P>0.05).Compared with control group, the PCNA index in cholangiocytes in 30 min group was increased significantly(t=3.985,P<0.01);there was no significant difference in 7 d group(P>0.05).The mRNA expression levels of TNF-α,IL-6,EGF,and VEGF in liver tissue of the mice in 30 min group were significantly higher than those in 8 h group(q=4.952,P<0.05;q=14.750,P<0.01;q=14.750,P<0.01;q=13.551,P<0.01).The HGF mRNA expression level in liver tissue of the mice in 3 d group was significantly higher than those in 30 min group and 8 h group(q=5.031,P<0.05;q=4.631,P<0.05).The TGF-αmRNA expression levels in liver tissue of the mice in 8 h group and 1 d group were higher than that in 30 min group(q=4.592,P<0.05;q=8.137,P<0.01).The Cyclin D1 mRNA expression levels in liver tissue of the mice in 8 h group and 1 d group were higher than that in 7 d group(q=4.736, q=5.213,P<0.05).The Bax/Bcl-2 ratio of the mice in 1 d group was higher than that in 30 min group(q=5.731,P<0.01).Conclusion:Acute liver injury induced by hydrodynamic injection mainly shows the hepatocyte swelling and hemorrhagic necrosis.The injury could be repaired naturally in a week.The various cytokines and growth factors related with liver regeneration are involved in the repair procedure.

Study on quality standard of Bushen-Tongluo granules / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To establish the quality standard for Bushen-Tongluo granules.Methods Drynariae rhizoma, Paeoniae radix alba, Cyathulae radix, Chuanxiongin rhizome were identified by thin layer chromatography (TLC), and the content of naringin and paeoniflorin was determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) with chromatographic column Agilent C18 (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm), as the mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid and the scan wave length were 230 and 283 nm. The column temperature was 30 . The flow rate ℃ was 1.0 ml/min. Results TLC could identify Drynariae rhizoma , Paeoniae radix alba, Cyathulae radix, Chuanxiongin rhizome effectively. Under the condition, there was a good linear relationship when the content of naringin was in 6.337 0-50.695 7 μg. There is also a good linear relationship when the content of paeoniflorin was in 26.065 8-130.328 8 μg. The average recovery rate of naringin was 97.13% and RSD was 1.19%.The average recovery rate of paeoniflorin was 96.61% and RSD was 1.51%. Conclusions The established methods are simple, specific, reproducible, and sensitive, and they can be used for the quality control of Bushen-Tongluo granules.

Influence of Zoledronic Acid Injection on Body Temperature of Patients with Primary Osteoporosis / 医药导报

Objective To investigate the influence of zoledronic acid injection on body temperature of patients with primary osteoporosis.Methods A total of 142 patients with primary osteoporosis who received intravenous zoledronic acid treatment in Peking university people's hospital during 2013-2014 were enrolled in this study.The body temperature before and after intravenous zoledronic acid treatment were recorded and analyzed with SPSS 17.0 software.Results The patients'body temperature at different time points after intravenous zoledronic acid treatment was significantly different (P =0.000).Prophylactic use of NSAIDs could significantly reduce patients' body temperature at the second day after intravenous zoledronic acid.Conclusion NSAIDs can be given orally on the same day of intravenous injection of zoledronic acid,and continued for three days.

Pharmaceutical Care for One Patient with Severe Bronchial Asthma Complicated with Diabetes / 中国药师

Objective:To investigate the effect of clinical pharmacists participating in the drug therapy for the patients with severe bronchial asthma complicated with diabetes. Methods:Clinical pharmacists participated in the treatment process for one patient with severe bronchial asthma complicated with diabetes. Pharmacists analyzed and intervened the therapeutic regimen, performed pharma-ceutical care and provided pharmacy education. Results:The suggestions of treatment and care proposed by clinical pharmacists were a-dopted by clinics. The pharmaceutical care performed by clinical pharmacists could contribute to the disease control and the reduction of the incidence of adverse reactions. Conclusion:Clinical pharmacists can use their pharmaceutical knowledge to provide individual-ized pharmaceutical care and play an important role in improving the safety and efficacy of medication.

Study on correlation between mixed SvO2, P(v-a)CO2 and LAC with APACHEⅡ score, SOFA score and disease condition / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the correlation between mixed venous oxygen saturation(SVO2),mixed venous-arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide[P(v-a)CO2] and blood lactate(LAC) with the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score,and to investigate the value of SVO2,P(v-a)CO2,LAC in assessing the disease condition.Methods A total of 104 patients with heart operation in the Chengdu Municipal Third People's Hospital from December 2011 to March 2015 were collected and divide into survival group and non-survival group according to the prognosis.The correlation between SvO2,P(v-a)CO2 and LAC with the APACHE Ⅱ score and SOFA score was analyzed by using the Pearman correlation analysis.The correlation between SvO2,P(v-a)CO2 and LAC with the disease condition was also analyzed.The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curvewas utilized to evaluating the accuracy of SvO2,P(v-a)CO2 and LAC for assessing the prognosis.Results Compared with the survival group,the difference of P(v-a)CO2,LAC,APACHE Ⅱ scores in the non-survival group had statistical significance(P＜0.05).SOFA score was 11.22 vs.7.35 (t=-3.433,P＜0.01),all were significantly increased,but SvO2 was significantly decreased(0.65 vs.0.71,t=2.794,P＜0.05).The values of SvO2 and LAC were significantly correlated with SOFA score (r=-0.268,P=0.006;r=0.200,P =0.041).But P(v-a) CO2 had no correlation with SOFA score(r=0.190,P=0.054).The values of SvO2,P(v-a)CO2 and LAC were correlated with APACHE Ⅱ score(r=-0.3,76,P=0.000;r=0.282,P=0.004;r=0.264,P =0.007).The values of SvO2,P (v-a) CO2 and LAC were correlated with prognosis (r=0.308,P=0.001;r=-0.248,P=0.011;r=-0.400,P=0.000).The areas under ROC curve of SvO2,P(v-a)CO2 and LAC corresponding practical mortality all were less than 0.70.Conclusion SvO2,P(v-a)CO2 and LAC have a certain correlation with the APACHE Ⅱ score,SOFA score and severity of disease condition,but which can not serve as the evaluation indicators of prognosis.

Effect of Tanreqing injection assisted Ganciclovir on children with respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of Tanreqing injection assisted ganciclovir on children with respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia . Methods 145 cases of RSVP pediatric patientsin from February 2013 to January 2016 in our hospital were retrospectively chosen,according to different drug regimen,they were divided into two groups,the contronl group of 71 cases with ganciclovir injection treatment and study group of 74 cases,with Tanreqing injection treatment on the basis of the contronl group.The blood gas analysis was performed on the arterial blood of the two groups before treatment and 7 and 14 days after continuous administration.The changes of blood gas indexes (pH,PaO2,PaCO2) were compared.The lung rales, wheezing, fever, cough, wheeze disappearance of time and side effects of the children were recorded.Results After 7 and 14 days of treatment, the Ph of blood gas parameters in the study group were (7.38 ±0.21) and (7.41 ±0.26), the level of PaO2 were (96.45 ±4.06) mmHg and (98.84 ± 5.27) mmHg,which were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05);the level of PaCO2 in the study group were(45.02 ±4.23) mmHg and (41.26 ±3.16) mmHg, which were significantly lower than those in the contronl group (P<0.05).The rale resorption time in the study group was (4.47 ±1.06) days, the duration of wheezing subsided was (5.03 ±0.43) days, the duration of wheezing was (4.89 ±0.72) days, the duration of fever subsided was (2.46 ±0.32) days, the duration of cough was (8.41 ±1.54) days,were significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05).The adverse reaction rate in the study group was 8.11%, significantly lower than that in the control group 21.13%(P<0.05).Conclusion The combination of Tanreqing injection combined with ganciclovir has a good effect on children with RSVP , and can significantly shorten the time of clinical evidences such as wheezing, wheezing and pulmonary rales, and improve the blood gas level in children,reduce adverse reactions.