ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate urinary microalbumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) and α1-microglobulin to creatinine ratio (MCR) of people aged 40 years old and above in Shanxi province, and analyze the influencing factors of abnormal ACR and MCR, and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of chronic kidney diseases.Methods:It was a cross-sectional study. The data came from a screening study of chronic kidney diseases conducted by Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital from April to November 2019, involving aged 40 years old and above from 10 counties (Ningwu county, Yu county, Yangqu county, Lin county, Shouyang county, Zezhou county, Huozhou city, Hejin city, Linyi county and Ruicheng county) in Shanxi province. The related data were collected through questionnaire surveys, physical examinations, and blood and urine sample collection. Urinary α1-microglobulin, creatinine, and microalbuminuria were measured. Urinary ACR and MCR were calculated using urinary creatinine correction. ACR abnormality was defined as ≥30 mg/g, and MCR abnormality was defined as >23 mg/g. Covariate analysis was used to control confounding factors, and adjusted urinary ACR and MCR of 10 counties were calculated. Spearman correlation analysis and chi-square test were performed to analyze the factors associated with abnormal urinary ACR and MCR. Logistic regression analysis model was used to identify the influencing factors of abnormal urinary ACR and MCR.Results:A total of 12 285 residents were enrolled in the study, including 5 206 males (42.4%) and 7 079 females (57.6%). The median age was 58.0 (51.0, 66.0) years old. The median urinary ACR was 7.5 (4.5, 15.7) mg/g, and the median urinary MCR was 10.2 (6.4, 16.2) mg/g. A total of 1 572 individuals (12.80%) had urinary ACR abnormality and 1 450 individuals (11.80%) had urinary MCR abnormality. Yangqu county, Yuxian county, and Ningwu county had higher urinary ACR with (35.58±3.04) mg/g, (34.08±4.50) mg/g and (32.09±3.19) mg/g, respectively. The urinary MCR was generally similar among the 10 counties and Yangqu county had higher urinary MCR with (13.86±0.41) mg/g. In addition to Yu county, female individuals had higher urinary ACR compared to males in other counties, whereas female individuals had lower urinary MCR compared to males in 10 counties. Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that elevated triglyceride, fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, age, body mass index and gender were independent influencing factors of abnormal urinary ACR and MCR (all P<0.05). Elevated blood homocysteine and low educational level were independent influencing factors of urinary MCR abnormality (both P<0.05). Conclusions:There are differences of gender and region in urinary ACR and MCR among individuals aged 40 years old and above in the 10 counties of Shanxi province. Triglyceride, fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, age, gender, and body mass index are independent related factors of abnormal urinary ACR and MCR. Blood homocysteine and education level are independent related factors of abnormal urinary MCR.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate changes in expression of plasma soluble CD100 (sCD100) and membrane-bound CD100 (mCD100) on peripheral T cells in patients with herpes zoster, and to observe the regulatory effect of exogenous CD100 on CD8 + T cells. Methods:A total of 53 patients with herpes zoster attending the Zhumadian Central Hospital from July 2019 to April 2021 were enrolled, so were 25 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Anticoagulated venous blood samples were collected, plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated, plasma sCD100 levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and mCD100 expression on CD4 + and CD8 + T cells was determined by flow cytometry. After the purification of CD8 + T cells, the secretion levels of cytotoxic molecules and cytokines by CD8 + T cells were measured and compared between herpes zoster patients and controls. Some purified CD8 + T cells from herpes zoster patients were stimulated with recombinant human CD100 and recombinant varicella-zoster virus glycoprotein, and the effect of recombinant human CD100 on the secretion of cytotoxic molecules and cytokines by CD8 + T cells was investigated. Comparisons between groups were conducted by t test. Results:Plasma sCD100 levels were significantly lower in the herpes zoster group (1.12 ± 0.23 ng/ml) than in the control group (1.31 ± 0.28 ng/ml, t = 2.97, P = 0.004), the proportion of mCD100 + CD8 + T cells was significantly higher in the herpes zoster group (17.41% ± 4.26%) than in the control group (14.69% ± 3.70%, t = 2.52, P = 0.014), and no significant difference in the proportion of mCD100 + CD4 + T cells was found between the two groups (2.52% ± 0.58% vs. 2.32% ± 0.56%, t = 1.27, P = 0.208). The herpes zoster group showed significantly decreased mRNA expression of perforin and granzyme B in, and lower secretion levels of perforin, granzyme B, interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α by CD8 + T cells compared with the control group (all P < 0.05). After stimulation with recombinant human CD100, levels of perforin, granzyme B, interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α in the culture supernatant of CD8 + T cells (43.68 ± 14.12, 126.8 ± 22.92, 12.79 ± 3.66, 310.0 ± 79.90 pg/ml, respectively ) were significantly higher than those in non-stimulated group (34.55 ± 10.78, 99.04 ± 10.44, 9.53 ± 2.00, 275.6 ± 68.04 pg/ml, respectively, all P < 0.05) . Conclusion:There was an imbalance between sCD100 and mCD100 expression in patients with herpes zoster, and exogenous sCD100 may enhance the cytotoxicity of CD8 + T cells in herpes zoster patients.
ABSTRACT
Phosphorylation is the most common and important post-translational modification of proteins, which plays an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, development and metabolism, and is closely related to the tumorigenesis and metastasis of cancer. Protein kinases and phosphatases generally regulate protein phosphorylation levels as a pair of opposite acting enzymes. Protein phosphorylation in eukaryotes occurs mainly in serine, threonine, and tyrosine residues, and their roles in tumorigenesis and development have been extensively studied. But the roles on histidine phosphorylation is less known due to the immature mass spectrometry and enrichment techniques. In recent years, with the rapid development of related technologies and the discovery of new histidine phosphatases, researchers have paid more attention to the roles of histidine phosphorylation in tumors. Therefore, we aim to review the roles of histidine kinases and phosphatases in tumor. .
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate influence of mirtazapine on polysomnograpy (PSG) of depression dysphylaxia patient and treatment effect.Methods 22 dysphylaxia patients and 22 healthy contrast persons were detected by PSG.The group of dysphylaxia patients were re-detected PSG 6 weeks later after treatment by Mirtazapine.In order to evaluate the patient' symptoms of depression and early awakening,the scale of HAMD was utilized at the time before and after 2 weeks,6 weeks treatment by mirtazapine.To compare changes of PSG index,HAMD scores and dysphylaxia scores before and after treatment.Results Compared with healthy controls,there existed much deviation with dysphylaxia patients on PSG index.6 weeks after mirtazapine treatment,the PSG showed the sleeping latency had shortened to ( 16.9 ± 6.6) min,sleep efficiency had improved ( 85.4 ± 6.7 ) ％,awake time had shortened (27.7 ± 10.4)min,sleep maintenance rate had risen (87.9 ±5.3)％,decrease (9.7±4.1 )％ of the S1 sleeping stage percentage,S2 had increased ( 148.0 ±30.7)％,REM density had decreased (56.1 ±3.8)％.the difference was significant (P＜0.05).The scores of HAMD and early awakening after treatment were significantly lower than before treatment,the difference was significant (P＜0.01 ).Correlation analysis showed there was no significant correlation between the HAMD,dysphylaxia reduced rate and changes of PSG all indicators(P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusion It may be one of the biological markers for dysphylaxi in shortened of REM sleep latency,prolonged of REM sleep time and increased of REM activity and density.There is no correlation between post-treatment changes of PSG.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To explore the effects of puerarin on insulin resistance (IR) and abormal lipid and fibrinolytic activity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: Eighty patients with type 2 DM were divided randomly into two groups: 40 cases in the puerarin group and 40 cases in the routine treatment group. The conventional treatment of the two groups were the same. Additionally, patients in the puerarin group were given puerarin 500 mg in 250 ml of normal saline for intravenous dripping, once a day with a therapeutic course of 3 weeks. The changes of fast blood glucose (FBG), lipid, insulin and plasminogen activator inhibitorCD*21 (PAICD*21) activity were measured before and after treatment,and the insulin sensitivity index (ISI) was calculated. Forty healthy subjects were taken as controls. Results: ①After 3 weeks of treatment , compared with the control group, in type 2 DM patients, FBG, fast insulin (FINS), total cholesterol (TC), triglyerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLCD*2C) levels and PAICD*21 activity were higher, ISI and HDLCD*2C were lower than those of the healthy controls. FINS and ISI were well correlated with lipid and fibrinolytic abnormality. ②After puerarin treatment, FINS, TC, TG, LDLCD*2C level , and PAICD*21 activity decreased and ISI, HDLCD*2C increased significantly (all P