Association between pregnancy-related anxiety of pregnant women and autism-like behavior in their offspring at 18 months of age / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To investigate the relationship of pregnancy-related anxiety of pregnant women in second/third trimesters and autism-like behaviors in their offspring at 18 months of age. Methods: Based on a prospective cohort study design, we evaluated the situation of pregnancy-related anxiety of women during second and third trimesters through a Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire. Subjects under study were classified into three groups, 1) those with pregnancy- related anxiety during both trimesters, 2) those with pregnancy-related anxiety at one trimester and 3) those without pregnancy-related anxiety in either trimester. When their children were 18 months, autism-like behaviors (ALB) were evaluated, using the part A of Checklist for Autism in Toddlers-23, and then classified into three groups as non-ALB group, minor ALB group and major ALB group. Multi-nominal logistic Regression was used to analyze the relationship of pregnancy-related anxiety with autism-like behaviors. Results: Compared with non-ALB group, children whose mother with pregnancy-related anxiety during both trimesters presented significant higher risk on ALB than children whose mother without pregnancy-related anxiety in these two periods (relative risk, RR=2.43, 95% CI: 1.21-4.86, P=0.012), major factors as pregnant women's IQ and gestational diabetes mellitus, premature delivery and education levels of fosterers on these pregnant women were under control. Our results from the stratified analysis showed: when in the subgroup that mother was the main fosterer of the child, there was an significant increase of risk in children whose mothers with pregnancy-related anxiety during both trimesters (RR=4.22, 95%CI: 1.73-10.32, P=0.002). Conclusion: The association between pregnancy-related anxiety and autism-like behavior was not strong but influenced by the fosterer of the child.

Estimation on the health life expectancy of adults in Zhejiang province, 2016 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To estimate the health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE) of adults in Zhejiang province and evaluate the health status of the adults. Methods: This study was based on the mortality data collected from Zhejiang Chronic Disease Surveillance Information and Management System, and mortality rates from the underreporting survey and self-reported health data in 2016. Hierarchical Ordered Probit (HOPIT) model was used to estimate the severity-weighted prevalence of disability. Sullivan's method was used to calculate the HALE. Results: After adjustment by HOPIT model, the severity-weighted prevalence of disability increased significantly with age (χ(2)=5 795.81,P<0.001), and it was higher in females than in males (χ(2)=5 353.27, P<0.001). The life expectancy and self-evaluated HALE were 59.08 years and 48.68 years, respectively, in those aged ≥20 years, the difference was 10.40 years due to disability. The proportion of HALE loss due to disability in the total life expectancy was 17.61%, and it increased with age. HALE was higher in males than in females (49.21 years vs. 48.14 years), and in urban residents than in rural residents (49.92 years vs. 47.43 years). Conclusion: The proportion of loss of HALE in the total life expectancy in adults was high in Zhejiang, and it higher in males than in females, in urban residents than rural residents. Programs on improving health care in women and rural residents should be promoted.

Environmental behavior of pahs in dianchi lake distributions, sources and risk assessment of poly cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments from Dianchi Lake,China

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [PAHs] in the priority controlling list of US EPA were systematically evaluated in surface sediments in Dianchi Lake and its estuaries. Total PAH concentrations [IPAHs] varied from 210 to 11,070 ng/gdry weight [d.w] in Dianchi Lake, and from 230 to 12,271 microg/g d.w. in the estuaries. IPAHs in sediments from Caohai section were higher than those from Waihai section. The occurrences of PAHs in the Lake were closely related to the distributions of rivers, indicating that the river runoff was an important pathway of PAHs into the Lake. Compared with the US Sediment Quality Guidelines [SQGs], IPAHs in most area were below the effect range low [ERL], which implied that the adverse biological effects would occur rarely. The toxic equivalent concentrations of potentially carcinogenic PAHs [TEQ[carc]] varied from 19to967ngTEQ/gd.w., and the higher values were found in northern Caohai area. The proportions of the toxic equivalent quantity [TEQ[carc]] to the total TEQs in sediments were all above 96%, suggesting that the carcinogenicity of PAHs could be occurred. Significantly positive correlations between total organic carbon [TOC] and less molecular weight PAHs [2, 3-ring] [LPAHs] were observed in the Lake. Diagnostic ratios showed that the primary source of PAHs in Dianchi Lake and most estuaries is biomass combustion, but is petroleum combustion or petrogenic origin in several other estuaries

Distribution and fractions of phosphorus and nitrogen in surface sediments from Dianchi lake, China

Dianchi Lake is one of the most three seriously eutrophic lakes in China. In the present study, the phosphorus [P] and nitrogen [N] fractions in 37 surface sediments samples collected in the Dianchi Lake were investigated. The total phophorus [TP] in sediments was divided into two parts: inorganic P [IP] and residual P [Res-P]. The results showed that the total phosphorus content in surface sediments ranged from 1465.27 to 3650.12 mg/kg, IP was the major component of TP and the Ca bound P was the main fraction of IP. The bio-available phosphorus [BAP] in Dianchi Lake was first estimated in this study. BAP ranged from 215.66 to 678.02 mg/kgand the mean concentration was 382.78 +/- 89.77 mg/kgfor all 37 samples. The nitrogen fractions for the whole Dianchi Lake were firstly studied. It was shown that the sediment had been an important N nutrient source of the water, owing to the high content of transferable nitrogen forms in the sediment