Analysis of Physiological Indicators Related to Dietary Regimen during the First Year in Patients on Hemodialysis / 임상간호연구

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the time and content of dietary education by analyzing the physiological indicators of hemodialysis patients during their first year and to present baseline data related to dietary education for patients on hemodialysis. METHODS: For this retrospective study physiological indicators for 73 patients on hemodialysis were analyzed. Data included levels of potassium, phosphorus, albumin and the IDWG rate, and Kt/V during the first year after starting hemodialysis. Repeated-measure ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Serum levels of phosphorus (p < .006), albumin (p < .001) and the IDWG rate (p < .001) increased significantly in the 7 months fromthe start of hemodialysis. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that the period in which diet related educational intervention is necessary is before physiological changes, that is, after 6 months of dialysis. The contents for effective education should include phosphorus-limited and weight control dietary restrictions at 6 months.

Cloning and Expression Analysis of Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase Gene in the Mycelium and Fruit Body of the Edible Mushroom Flammulina velutipes

Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) gene is known to be expressed in plants, and is involved in the differentiation, growth and synthesis of secondary metabolites. However, its expression in fungi remains to be explored. To understand its expression in mushroom fungi, the PAL gene of the edible mushroom Flammulina velutipes (Fvpal) was cloned and characterized. The cloned Fvpal consists of 2,175 bp, coding for a polypeptide containing 724 amino acids and having 11 introns. The translated amino acid sequence of Fvpal shares a high identity (66%) with that of ectomycorrhizal fungus Tricholoma matsutake. Distinctively, the Fvpal expression in the mycelium was higher in minimal medium supplemented with L-tyrosine than with other aromatic amino acids. During cultivation of the mushroom on sawdust medium, Fvpal expression in the fruit body correspondingly increased as the mushroom grew. In the fruiting body, Fvpal was expressed more in the stipe than in the pileus. These results suggest that F. velutipes PAL activity differs in the different organs of the mushroom. Overall, this is first report to show that the PAL gene expression is associated with mushroom growth in fungi.