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Objective:To explore the difference of gray matter volume between anxious depression(AD)and non anxious depression(NAD) patients, and its correlation with clinical characteristics.Methods:One hundred and fifty patients with depression were included from September 2014 to October 2018, meanwhile 62 healthy controls with matching demographic characteristic were recruited. The severity of the patients was assessed by Hamilton depression scale-17(HAMD-17). Patients were divided into anxious depression group(AD group, n=80)and non-anxious depression group (NAD group, n=70) according to whether anxiety/somatization factor scored 7. All subjects were scanned with 3.0 T underwent structural MRI scan. The structural magnetic resonance data were preprocessed by voxel-based morphometry (VBM). The rest toolkit was used to calculate the difference of gray matter volume among the three groups. By SPSS 19.0, post-hoc t test was used for pairwise comparison and Pearson correlation analysis was performed between gray matter volume and clinical factors in patients with anxious depression. Results:Compared to the NAD group, the gray matter volume of the right middle frontal gyrus(MNI: x=28.5, y=21.0, z=48.0, t=-4.83, Bonferroni multiple comparison adjustment, P<0.05/3) and left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus(MNI: x=-18.0, y=27.0, z=43.5, t=-6.08, Bonferroni multiple comparison correction, P<0.05/3)were significantly decreased in AD group. Correlation analysis found that the gray matter volume of the right middle frontal gyrus in patients with anxious depression was negatively correlated with the insight of anxiety/somatization factor score ( r=-0.36, P=0.001). Conclusion:The volume of prefrontal lobe in patients with anxiety depression is lower than that in patients with non anxiety depression, which may be related to the serious clinical symptoms in patients with anxiety depression.The decrease of right middle frontal gyrus volume can be used as a potential biological marker for the severity of impaired insight.
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Objective To explore the influence of rs1360780 T risk allele of FK506-binding protein 5 (FKBP5) gene on the brain function under resting-state and its association with clinical symptoms as well as immune function in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).Methods Totally 147 MDD patients and 61 gender-,age-,and education-matched healthy controls were scanned with 3.0T MRI Scanner and genotyped.The peripheral serum immunoglobulin and complement were measured.The main effect of the disease,the genotype and their interaction effects were analyzed using regional homogeneity (ReHo) by two-way ANOVA.Abnormal brain activity was identified in T risk allele carriers of rs1360780 and non-risk CC individuals in MDD using post hoc analyses.Correlation analyses were performed between ReHo values of significant brain regions and the total score,five-factor scores of Hamilton rating scale for depression (HAMD-17),serum levels of immunoglobulin and plasma complement component in MDD patients.Results (1) The results of 2x 2 ANOVA showed the interaction effects located in the left opercular part of inferior frontal gyrus (MNI:x,y,z =-42,6,9;F=10.83),right opercular part of inferior frontal gyrus (MNI:x,y,z =30,6,33;F=15.05),left medial superior frontal gyrus (MNI:x,y,z=-9,54,0;F=9.17) and left pallidum (MNI:x,y,z =-12,6,-6;F=11.37) (Alphasim corrected,P＜ 0.05).(2) In post-hoc analyses for the main effect of genotype,T+ carriers with MDD showed increased ReHo values in the right opercular part of inferior frontal gyrus (MNI:x,y,z=60,12,6;t=2.88) compared with CC carriers;for the effect of diseaseby-genotype interaction,T+ carriers with MDD showed increased ReHo values in the right opercular part of inferior frontal gyrus (MNI:x,y,z=30,6,33;t=2.96) and decreased ReHo values in the left orbital part of inferior frontal gyrus (MNI:x,y,z =-21,9,-18;t =-3.21) (Alphasim corrected,P＜ 0.05) in contrast to CC carriers.(3)Pearson's correlation showed that the average ReHo values of the right opercular part of inferior frontal gyrus negatively correlated with the content of immunoglobulin G (r=-0.528,P=O.0016,Bonferroni corrected) and positively correlated with anxiety/somatization factor score (r=0.421,P＜0.001,Bonferroni corrected) in T + carrìers with MDD.Conclusion The results of this study suggest that rs1360780 T-risk allele of FKBP5 gene is involved in the changes of local neural activity in the right opercular part of inferior frontal gyrus of depressed patients and could potentially indicate a neuropathological mechanism of anxiety somatic symptoms and immune dysfunction in depression.
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Objective To explore the role of functional connectivity( FC) between the subgenual anterior cingulate cortes(sgACC) and limbic cortices in predicting the efficacy of early antidepressant treat-ment. Methods Resting state magnetoencephalography( MEG) data were collected from 32 patients with major depressive disorder(MDD) and 20 matched healthy control subjects at baseline.According to whether the HAMD17total score reduction rate reached 50% after 2 weeks,the patients were divided into responder group and non-responder group.The difference of the FC,the relationship between the FC and the change rate of HAMD17were explored. Results Compared with controls,MDD patients showed decreased connectivity of the sgACC with the right hippocampus(MNI coordinate:x＝30,y＝－3,z＝－24; F＝5.11,P＝0.028),the right amygdala(MNI coordinate:x＝22,y＝－2,z＝－15; F＝6.90,P＝0.012) and the left amygdala(MNI coordi- nate:x＝－24,y＝－6,z＝－16; F＝5.75,P＝0.020).Compared with non-responders,the connectivity of the sgACC with the right hippocampus(MNI coordinate:x＝30,y＝－3,z＝－24;F＝8.74,P＝0.0065),the right a-mygdala(MNI coordinate:x＝22,y＝－2,z＝－15; F＝12.417,P＝0.0016) were higher in responders.Pretreat-ment connectivity of the sgACC with the right hippocampus(r＝－0.50,P＝0.0066),the right amygdala(r＝－0.56,P＝0.0018) were negatively correlated with clinical improvement.ROC analyses confirmed the value of the connectivity of sgACC with the right hippocampus(area under curve(AUC)＝0.71,P＝0.042),the right amygdala(AUC＝0.73,P＝0.029) in classifying responders versus non-responders in 2 weeks of treatment. Conclusion The decreased FC of the sgACC with the right hippocampus and the right amygdala at baseline is associated with a better improvement,which can potentially serve as a treatment outcome biomarker in ear-ly curative effect of depression.
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Objective To explore the energy feature of the spontaneous neural activity in depressive patients with diurnal rhythm.Methods Twenty depressive patients with diurnal rhythm,20 depressive patients without diurnal rhythm and 20 gender-,age-,education-matched healthy controls were scanned with 3.0 T MRI Scanner.According to Results of ANOVA,group-wise two sample t-test was completed.The correlation analysis were conducted between ALFF of significant difference brain regions and the score of Hamilton rating scale for depression.Results The brain regions showing significant differences among three groups were located in the right parahippocampal gyrus(MNI:18,-36,-9;K=136),left parietal lobe(MNI:-54,-45,42;K=86),left cerebellum crus(MNI:-84,-60,36;K=86) and right cerebellum crus(MNI:9,-78,-36;K=91)(P0.05).Conclusion The diurnal rhythm observed in depression may be associated with aberrant activity of parahippocampal gyrus.
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Depression is a common mental disorder with high incidence rate and low remission rate.The prediction of therapeutic effect in depression is limited to clinical features and neuroimaging.Reviewed the Results of magnetic resonance imaging for predicting the treatment response in depression and explored the Objective image markers for predicting the therapeutic effect in depression.It showed that the studies mainly focused on emotion regulation neural circuitry and few on reward neural circuitry.Prefrontal cortex,cingulate cortex,amygdala and hippocampus play important roles on predicting therapeutic effect.The study of magnetic resonance imaging for predicting therapeutic effect in depression is a feasible research field.More researches of finding the role of reward neural circuits in predicting the effect of antidepressants are needed.The brain structure and function of the neural circuits involved in depression and predicting the effect of anti-depression need to be studied by multimodal MRI method.
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Objective To explore the variations of functional connectivity in depressive episode pa-tients with diurnal rhythm.Methods Totaly 44 patients with depressive episode with diurnal rhythm(rhythm group),58 patients with depressive episode without diurnal rhythm(non-rhythm group)and 56 matched healthy volunteer controls(healthy group)were scanned with 3.0 T MRI Scanner.Functional connectivity (FC)were calculated between suprachiasmatic nucleus(SCN)and whole brain regions.According to results of ANOVA,group-wise two sample t-test was completed.Correlation analysis were conducted between FC of significant difference brain regions and the score of Hamilton rating scale(HAMD-24)for depression.Results The brain regions showing differences among three groups were located in the left medial superior frontal gy-rus(MNI:x=0,y=39,z=51; K=14)and right cerebellum crus 1(MNI:x=39,y=-48,z=-36; K=18) (P<0.05,Alphasim).Compared with non-rhythm group,the FC of rhythm group showed significantly in-creased in the left medial superior frontal gyrus and right triangular inferior frontal gyrus(MNI:x=39,y=27, z=27;K=10)(P<0.05,Alphasim).Compared with healthy group,the FC of non-rhythm group showed sig-nificantly decreased in left medial superior frontal gyrus(P<0.05,Alphasim).Positive correlation was found be-tween FC in left medial superior frontal gyrus and despair score of HAMD-24(r= 0.31,P= 0.041). Conclusion The synergistic increase in SCN and prefrontal activity in patients with depressive episodes with morning heavy night light rhythm which may be involved in the formation mechanism of the diurnal rhythm.
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Objective To investigate the changes of cortical thickness and surface area in patients with bipolar depression(BD),and to explore the relationship between abnormal changes in gray matter and clinical symptoms.Methods 28 BD patients and 28 healthy controls underwent T1-weighted MRI.The Freesurfer software was used to process the T1 images,which used a set of automated sequences to analyze cortical thickness and surface area on 66 regions (33 regions of each hemisphere),and the correlation with clinical features was also calculated.Results Compared with controls,BD patients showed thinner cortical thickness in left medial orbitofrontal cortex((2.40±0.12) mm vs (2.55 ±0.18) mm,P=1.2× 10-3) and left rostral anterior cingulate((2.66±0.21) mm vs (2.88±0.27) mm,P=3.1 × 10-4),and smaller area of left cuneus((1 443.13± 131.00) mm2vs (6 634.70±600.16) mm2,P=2.7× 10-4) and right superior frontal gyrus ((6 634.70±600.16) mm2vs (7 300.50±653.39) mm2,P=1.3× 10-3).In addition,the negatively correlation was found between the cortical area of left cuneus and effective illness duration (r=-0.471,P=0.018),and the cortical thickness in left rostral anterior cingulate and total score of HAMD-17(17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression) (r=-0.508,P=0.009).Conclusion There are abnormal altertion of cortical thickness and cortical areas of emotional circuit in bipolar depression,but the brain areas are not completely overlapping.Correlation analysis suggests that cortical thickness and area is related to different clinical features.
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Objective To explore the resting state cortical activity and frontal asymmetry in alpha oscillations in bipolar depressive patients and its relationship with clinical symptoms. Methods Twelve bipolar depressive patients (pa?tient group) and twenty-four well-matched healthy volunteer (control group) were underwent whole head MEG recording. Individual spectral power and frontal asymmetry index were calculated by using permutation test to discover the differenc?es in δ, θ, α1, α2, α3, β bands between the two groups among the regions of interested (bilateral central, frontal lobe, temporal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe). The correlation analysis were used to analyze the association between power of brain regions with significant difference and the Hamilton depression rating scale17 scores as well as factor items in patients. Results Compared with the control group, the activity of various regions was increased in the patient group as follows:theδband in the left central and left occipital lobes, theθband in the left occipital lobe, theβband in left cen?tral, right frontal, left parietal lobe and right parietal lobe. The power ofα2 andα3 frequency bands was decreased in the bilateral temporal lobes (P<0.05, uncorrected). A negative correlation was observed between the right temporalα3 power and recognition item scores for bipolar depression (P<0.05). Conclusion The present study suggests that bipolar depres?sive patients have impaired neural activity at many bands and the symptom of cognitive impairment may be associated with dysfunction ofα3 band.
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Objective To explore the significance of language proficiency in bilingual perception in Chinese-English late bilingual subjects with block-design functional magnetic resonance imaging (bfMRI).Methods Thirteen right-handed Chinese Han healthy male late bilinguists who had limited English proficiency were scanned while listening to short sentences in Chinese and English.Based on blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal efficacy,functional images were collected using a 1.5-T MRI.Statistical parametric mapping 2 (SPM2) was used to analyze the data of functional images (P＜0.001,KE＞ 100).Results For Chinese familiar voices,more significant activation was observed in the right superior temporal gyrus than that for English familiar voices.On the contrary,more significant activations for English familiar voices were observed in the left precuneus,middle frontal gyrus and left posterior cingulate cortex compared with that for Chinese familiar voices.For Chinese unfamiliar voices,more significant activations were observed in the right middle temporal gyrus and right medial frontal gyrus than that for English unfamiliar voices.In contrast,more significant activations by English unfamiliar voices were observed in the right inferior frontal gyrus,middle frontal gyrus and left middle temporal gyrus compared with that for Chinese unfamiliar voices.Conclusion Language proficiency may play an important role in different language perception from auditory level.