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AIM: To explore the pathogenesis and surgical outcomes of different types of myopic traction maculopathy(MTM)using optical coherence tomography(OCT).METHODS: A total of 193 patients(210 eyes)with MTM were retrospectively included, of which 74 eyes(35.2%)underwent vitrectomy combined with internal limiting membrane(ILM)peeling. The patients were categorized into three groups: foveal detachment(FD), foveoschisis(FS)and lamellar macular hole(LMH). Based on the central foveal thickness(CFT)at baseline(M0), eyes with FD were classified into two subgroups: extensive FD and limited FD. Outcomes included best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA), CFT, posterior staphyloma height(PSH), the presence of epiretinal membrane(ERM)and ILM detachment. Risk factors for BCVA at 6mo after vitrectomy(M6)were analyzed using linear regression.RESULTS: At M0, ERM was highly present in eyes with LMH(rs=0.28, P<0.001). Eyes with FD and FS were characterized by higher incidence of ILM detachment(rs=-0.25, P<0.001). After vitrectomy, CFT and BCVA significantly improved in all eyes(P<0.001). Eyes with extensive FD were characterized by a thicker CFT(rs=0.56, P<0.001), a lower incidence of ILM detachment(rs=-0.25, P=0.034)and a thicker nasal PSH(rs=0.27, P=0.024)than eyes with limited FD. Eyes with extensive FD were associated with a worse BCVA at M0(P=0.013)and M6(P=0.030)than eyes with limited FD. Extensive FD(β=-0.295, P=0.042)and BCVA at M0(β=0.669, P<0.001)were risk factors for a worse BCVA at M6.CONCLUSION: There are several pathogenetic mechanisms in MTM. ILM detachment may exert a dominant role in the development of FD and FS, while ERM may have a role in LMH. Vitrectomy combined with ILM peeling improved functional and anatomical outcomes in MTM patients. Eyes with extensive FD may carry a poor prognosis.
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Objective:To investigate the factors influencing the prognosis of hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma treated with programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) inhibitors, and to construct a prognostic nomogram model for these patients and evaluate its clinical significances.Methods:The clinical data of 121 patients with hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma treated with PD-1 inhibitors at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College from July 2018 to July 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Follow-up was performed from the beginning of PD-1 inhibitor use, and the Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the overall survival of patients. The variables screened by the univariate Cox proportional hazards model analysis and variables clinically believed to be related to the prognosis were included in the multivariate Cox proportional hazards model for overall survival, and the stepwise regression method was used to screen the independent factors influencing overall survival. Based on the independent influencing factors of overall survival, R 3.5.1 software was used to construct a prognostic nomogram model for overall survival of hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma treated with PD-1 inhibitors. Calibration curve was used to the consistency of model prediction and practice. The Harrell consistency index and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (with imaging diagnosis as the gold standard) were used to analyze the efficacy of model in predicting the 1-year and 2-year overall survival rates.Results:The median follow-up time of 121 patients was 12.40 months, and the median overall survival time was 14.30 months, with overall survival rates of 82.60% and 62.30% at 6 and 12 months. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that albumin (ALB) ( HR = 0.946, 95% CI 0.901-0.992), international normalized ratio (INR) ( HR = 32.034, 95% CI 5.046-203.362), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ( HR = 1.010, 95% CI 1.007-1.012) were independent influencing factors for overall survival of patients. According to the three factors, a prognostic nomogram model for hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma treated with PD-1 inhibitors was constructed. The slope of the calibration curve of the model predicting 1-year and 2-year overall survival rates was close to 1. The Harrell consistency index of the nomogram model was 0.809 (95% CI 0.760-0.858). ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of the nomogram model predicting 1-year and 2-year overall survival rates of patients was 0.794 (95% CI 0.744-0.887, P < 0.001) and 0.791 (95% CI 0.708-0.860, P = 0.002). Conclusions:ALB, INR and AST are the influencing factors of prognosis of hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with PD-1 inhibitors, and the nomogram model constructed based on prognostic influencing factors has a good effect on predicting the 1-year and 2-year overall survival rates of patients, which can be used to screen the population suitable for immunotherapy and is conducive to the clinical formulation of individualized and precise treatment plans.
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OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical effect of electroacupuncture at Siguan points and flunarizine hydrochloride capsule on migraine of liver yang hyperactivity.@*METHODS@#A total of 110 patients with migraine of liver yang hyperactivity were randomly divided into an electroacupuncture group (55 cases, 2 cases dropped off) and a western medication group (55 cases, 2 cases dropped off). In the electroacupuncture group, electroacupuncture was applied at Siguan points (Hegu [LI 4] and Taichong [LR 3]), with disperse-dense wave of 2 Hz/100 Hz in frequency and current intensity of 0.1-1 mA, 30 min each time, once a day, 5 times per week for 4 weeks. Flunarizine hydrochloride capsule was given orally in the western medication group, 10 mg a day for 4 weeks. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score and the migraine attack days were observed before and after treatment, during follow-up of 1, 3 and 6 months, and the migraine symptom score was observed before and after treatment in the two groups.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, during follow-up of 1, 3 and 6 months, the VAS scores and the migraine attack days in the two groups were decreased compared with before treatment (Ｐ<0.05), and above indexes in the electroacupuncture group were lower than the western medication group (Ｐ<0.05). After treatment, the migraine symptom scores in the two groups were decreased (Ｐ<0.05), the change in the electroacupuncture group was greater than the western medication group (Ｐ<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Electroacupuncture at Siguan points could effectively reduce headache intensity and migraine attack days, relieve migraine symptoms in patients with migraine of liver yang hyperactivity, and the efficacy is superior to oral flunarizine hydrochloride capsules.
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Humans , Acupuncture Points , Electroacupuncture , Flunarizine/therapeutic use , Liver , Migraine Disorders/therapyABSTRACT
Objective Few studies are reported on the aging of veneering ceramics. This study was to investigate the effects of aging on surface roughness, composition and hardness of veneering ceramics for zirconia frameworks.Methods Twenty specimens were fabricated with each of the five types of veneering ceramics for zirconia frameworks － Vintage ZR (ZR), Cerabien ZR (CZR), VitaVM9 (VM9), Cercon ceram KISS (KISS) and IPS e.max ceram (e.max). The specimens were randomly divided into an aging and a control group of equal number, the former subjected to accelerated aging at 200 ℃ and 2 atm for 5 hours while the latter left untreated. The surface roughness and Vickers hardness of the specimens were measured using laser profilometry and Vicker's indentation test machine and their surface topography and chemical composition examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS).Results Compared with the control group, the aged specimens fabricated with ZR showed significantly increased surface roughness parameters Ra (\[0.157±0.009\] vs \[0.197±0.008\] μm, P=0.000), Rp (\[0.356±0.031\] vs \[0.446±0.036\] μm, P=0.000) and Rv (\[0.411±0.034\] vs \[0.498±0.036\] μm, P=0.000), and so did those fabricated with CZR, VM9 and KISS (P=0.000). The Ra, Rp and Rv parameter values of the aged specimens with CZR were remarkably higher than those with VM9, KISS and e.max (P < 0.001), but those of the aged specimens with e.max markedly lower than those with ZR, CZR, VM9 and KISS (P<0.01). The RSm value was significantly higher in all the aged specimens than in the control (P<0.001), and so was the oxygen content (P<0.05), but the levels of sodium and potassium were lower in the former than in the latter group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the silicon content was significantly decreased in the aged specimens with ZR, KISS and e.max (P<0.01), and so was that of calcium in those with ZR and VM9 (P<0.05). The Vickers hardness of the aged specimens with ZR was remarkably lower than that of the control (\[5.01±0.28\] vs \[6.91±0.51\] GPa, P=0.000), and so was that of the other aged specemens (P=0.000).Conclusion Accelerated aging can significantly alter the surface properties, enhance the stability and prolong the working life of veneering ceramics for zirconia frameworks.
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Objective To investigate the efficacy and side effects of aripiprazole combined with modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT) in the treatment of female refractory schizophrenia.Methods One hundred and five female refractory schizophrenia patients in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University from July 2014 to May 2016 were selected and divided into control group and observation group.Fifty-two patients in the control group were treated with aripiprazole.In the observation group,53 patients were treated with aripiprazole combined with MECT.All the patients were treated for eight weeks.Clinical efficacies were assessed with the positive and negative syndrome syndrome scale (PANSS);Wechsler memory scale (WMS) were used to evaluate the effect of MECT on memory.Adverse drug reactions were evaluated by treatment emergent symptom scale(TESS) before and after treatment in both groups.Results There was no significant difference in PANSS scores between the two groups before treatment (P ＞ 0.05).The positive symptom scores,the general mental pathology scores and the PANSS total scores in the two groups at the end of the second week were significantly lower than before treatment(P ＜ 0.05);at the end of fourth and eighth week of treatment,the negative symptom scores,the positive symptom scores,the general psychopathological scores and the PANSS total scores of the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).The positive symptoms,the general psychopathological scores and the PANSS total score in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group at the end of fourth week of treatment (P ＜0.05).At the end of the eighth week of treatment,the negative symptom scores,the positive symptom scores,the general psychopathological scores and the PANSS total scores in the observation group were significant lower than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).At the end of the eighth week of treatment,the decreasing rates of PANSS score in the observation group and control group were (39.89-8.62) ％ and (31.97-± 8.17) ％,and the total effective rates were 66.67％ and 48.08％,respectively.The decreasing rates of PANSS score and total effective rates in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).The WMS score of the observation group decreased more significantly at the end of the second week of treatment compared with that before treatment;at the end of the fourth week of treatment,the score of the picture was louer than that before treatment(P ＜ O.05);but there was no significant difference in WMS score between that at the end of the eighth week and before treatment(P ＞ 0.05).There was no significant difference between the two groups in the TESS score and adverse reaction rate (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Compared with single application of aripiprazole,MECT combined with aripiprazole can significantly improve effects in treating female refractory schizophrenia and it can not increase the side effects.
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Objective To investigate the thermal stability of solid potassium iodate and potassium iodate as additive in the sodium chloride,vitamin E,vitamin C and yellow prussiate.Methods HCR-2 type Differential Thermal Analyzer was used to carried out the differential thermal analysis of the potassium iodate and the potassium iodate in the sodium chloride,vitamin E,vitamin C and the yellow prussiate,and differential thermal curves were obtained and analyzed.Results The decomposition temperature of solid potassium iodate was 525℃ ; when mixed with sodium chloride,potassium iodate was stable below 300 ℃ ; vitamin C was unstable at 170-200 ℃ and underwent chemical changes; iodate and vitamin C underwent oxidation-reduction reaction at 145 to 160 ℃;potassium iodate with vitamin E at 300 ℃ was stable; yellow prussiate at 300 ℃ was stable; iodized salt was stable at cooking temperature below 300 ℃.Conclusions The potassium iodate has good stability below 525 ℃,however,potassium iodate iodized salt in the cooking process is easy to react with vitamin C in vegetables causing iodine losses,so iodized salt should be added just before the dish is done.
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Purpose:To investigate the effects on non small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) and untoward reactions in elderly patients using vinorelbine(NVB) and oxaliplatin. Methods:NVB 25mg/m 2 ivgtt on day 1 and 8,oxalipatin 85mg/m 2 ivgtt on day 1 and 8, at 21 days per cycle. And every case should receive at least 2 cycles. Results:Among 34 patients,complete response(CR):2.9%,partial response(PR):35.3%,stable disease(SD):44.1%,progressive disease(PD):17.6%.Total response rate(RR) is 38.2%. The side effects were myelosuppression and peripheral sensory nueropathy. Conclusions:NVB combined with oxaliplatin treating NSCLC in elderly people has some effect,and the toxixity can be well tolerated.