Association between time spent on digital devices and body weight overestimation in children and adolescents / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the association between digital devices usage and body weight overestimation in children and adolescents aged 7-18, in order to provide a scientific basis for body weight overestimation prevention in children and adolescents.@*Methods@#Based on the data of the Research Special Project for Public Welfare Industry of Health using stratified cluster sampling method in 2012, a tatal of 40 073 children and adolescents from 7 provinces with complete information were chosen. Ordinal multivariable Logistic regression model estimated the association between digital devices usage and body weight overestimation.@*Results@#A total of 4 276(11.8%) students with overestimation of body weight were detected, who spent >300 min/d time in digital devices(5.12%) than others (3.84%)( χ 2=19.14, P <0.01). Univariate analysis showed that students with time spent on digital devices >300 min/d had a higher risk in overestimation of body weight ( OR=1.36,95%CI=1.18-1.57,P <0.01) compared with students who spent on digital devices≤120 min/d. There was still a significant association after confounder adjustment ( OR=1.28, 95%CI= 1.10-1.48,P <0.05). Stratified analysis showed that the association between digital devices usage and overestimation of body weight were only observed in girls, 11-18 years old and non single child( P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#The time usage of digital devices is associated with overestimation of body weight in children and adolescents. It may helpful for children and adolescents to prevent overestimation of body weight by reducing time spent on digital devices.

Comparative study of clinical and imaging features of pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma / 中华消化杂志

Objective:To explore the differences in clinical and imaging features between pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma (PASC) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).Methods:The clinical data, imaging and pathological data of 171 patients pathologically diagnosed with PASC after surgical resection (PASC group) (from February 2011 to October 2020, 148 patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University and 23 patients from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine) and 100 patients pathologically diagnosed with PDAC after surgical resection (PDAC group) (from January to June, 2018, at the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University) were retrospectively analyzed. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging features were analyzed by two associate chief physician of department of radiology. Independent sample t test, rank sum test, chi-square test or Fisher exact probability test were used for statistical analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze independent predictors of PASC. Results:The longest diameter of tumor of PASC group was larger than that of PDAC group (35.0 mm (28.0 mm to 45.0 mm) vs. 29.5 mm (23.0 mm to 36.0 mm)), and the rates of cystic necrosis, ring-enhancement, normal distal main pancreatic duct and normal pancreatic parenchyma of PASC group were higher than those of PDAC group (62.0%, 106/171 vs. 12.0%, 12/100; 66.1%, 113/171 vs. 25.0%, 25/100; 52.0%, 89/171 vs. 12.0%, 12/100; 70.2%, 120/171 vs. 29.0%, 29/100, respectively); and the differences were statistically significant ( Z=-4.001, χ2=72.183, 42.612, 43.284 and 43.221, all P<0.01). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the cystic necrosis, ring-enhancement, normal distal main pancreatic duct and normal pancreatic parenchyma were indenpendent predictors of PASC (odds ratio=10.083, 2.361, 3.086 and 2.632, 95% confidence interval 8.736 to 11.639, 2.096 to 2.660, 2.605 to 3.656 and 2.267 to 3.057, all P<0.01); and the sensitivity for PASC diagnosis was 62.0%, 66.1%, 51.7% and 70.3%, respectively; the specificity was 88.0%, 75.0%, 88.0% and 71.0%, respectively; the positive predictive value was 89.3%, 81.9%, 88.1% and 80.5%, respectively. Conclusions:PASC and PDAC have similar clinical features. The imaging features of cystic necrosis, ring-enhancement, normal distal main pancreatic duct and normal pancreatic parenchyma are independent predictive factors of PASC.

Report of five cases of protein-sensitive hypoglycemia with literature review / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective To summarize the clinical feature,gene mutations,diagnosis,treatment,and follow-up data of protein-sensitive hypoglycemia,so as to improve the clinical understanding of the disease.Methods Five patients were diagnosed with protein-sensitive hypoglycemia during June in 2015 and December in 2017 from the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Inherited Metabolic Diseases,Children's Hospital of Fudan University.Clinical data of 5 cases were summarized,including clinical manifestations,findings of protein sensitivity test,therapy effect and prognosis.The endocrine and metabolic panel was used to investigate the genetic cause of four patients.Related literatures of protein-sensitive hypoglycemia were reviewed,and the phenotypes,genotypes,and therapy effects were summarized.Results Among the 5 patients diagnosed with positive results of protein-sensitive hypoglycemia,three were found to harbor glutamate dehydrogenase 1 (GLUD 1) mutations (c.965G ＞ A,p.R322H:2 cases;c.943C ＞T,p.H315Y:1 case),and another one had complex heterozygous mutations in L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (HADH,c.29G ＞ C,p.R10P;c.89T＞ A,p.V30E).5 patients were euglycemia without any medical support after low protein diet.In 18 literatures retrieved and this study,there were totally 161 cases of protein-sensitive hypoglycemia (149 cases with GLUD1 mutations and 10 cases with HADH mutations).Conclusions When a child was admitted because of hypoglycemia,the diagnosis of protein-sensitive hypoglycemia should be suspected if he or she also had postprandial hypoglycemia,with or without hyperammonemia.Protein sensitivity test is helpful for us to make the diagnosis of protein-sensitive hypoglycemia.

Accurate imaging diagnosis and evaluation of pancreatic cancer / 浙江大学学报·医学版

Pancreatic cancer is a highly malignant tumor and surgical resection is the only curative treatment option. In order to improve the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer, it is very important to diagnose and evaluate pancreatic cancer accurately and early. Imaging examinations play an important role in tumor detection, staging and surgical resectability evaluation, which can provide reliable evidences for diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer. At present, the imaging techniques commonly used for diagnosis of pancreatic cancer include conventional ultrasound, endoscopic ultrasonography, PET-CT, multi-detector row CT (MDCT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in which MDCT and MRI are the most widely used. In this article, the application and research progress of imaging in accurate diagnosis and evaluation of pancreatic cancer are reviewed.

Risk factors for surgical site infection in patients undergoing selective brain tumor resection / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To explore the risk factors of surgical site infection(SSI)in patients undergoing selective brain tumor resection,and provide reference for clinical prevention and treatment.Methods Patients who under-went selective brain tumor resection in the neurosurgery department of a hospital during April-September 2013 and April-September 2014 were monitored prospectively,monitoring programme and individualized questionnaire were formulated,the basic data,operation condition,postoperative symptoms/signs,laboratory test results,infection-related factors,and antimicrobial use in patients were collected,risk factors for infection were analyzed.Results A total of 205 patients were investigated,23 (11 .22%)of whom had SSI;univariate analysis showed that body mass index (BMI),NNIS score,and cerebrospinal fluid leakage were related to the occurrence of SSI(all P<0.05);lo-gistic regression analysis showed that high NNIS score and cerebrospinal fluid leakage were independent risk factors for SSI in patients undergoing selective brain tumor resection(both P<0.05).Conclusion Incidence of SSI is high-er in patients with selective brain tumor resection,corresponding preventive measures should be taken according to different risk factors including cerebrospinal fluid leakage.

HER2 protein testing in gastric cancer: a retrospective analysis of 1 471 cases during two different periods in a single medical center / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the potential factors in influencing the performance of immunohistochemical testing for HER2 protein in gastric cancers.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The HER2 protein expression status of 1 471 surgically resected archival gastric cancer cases in Drum Tower Hospital collected during two different periods was retrospectively analyzed. The materials included 957 cases tested during the period from 2007 to 2009 (group 1) and 514 cases from 2012 to 2013 (group 2). The test procedures and results observed during these two periods were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The percentages of score 3 HER2 protein expression (14.4%, 74/514 versus 9.5%, 91/957) and score 2 or score 3 HER2 protein expression (27.2%, 140/514 versus 21.7%, 208/957) were both higher in group 2 than in group 1 (P < 0.05). In group 1, the cancer tissue was fixed in 10% formalin, stained manually with HER2 antibody A0485 (Dako) and assessed by different pathologists.In group 2, the tissue was fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin (pH 7.2), stained using automated immunostaining system (Roche Benchmark XT) with HER2 antibody 4B5 (Ventana) and assessed by a specialized team of pathologists.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results of HER2 immunostaining in gastric cancer are influenced by a number of factors including type of fixative, clone number of primary antibody, staining methods and experience of pathologists.</p>

Relationship between health-promoting lifestyle and sub-health status in the employees of an enterprise / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the relationship between sub-health status and the health-promoting lifestyle of employees.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 5316 employees in a company in Guangdong were surveyed using sub-health measurement scale version 1.0 (SHMS V1.0) and the health-promoting lifestyle profile (HPLP-II). The former scale included 3 subscales of somatic sub-health, psychological sub-health and social sub-health, and the latter included 6 subscales of self-actualization, healthy responsibility, physical exercise, nutrition, interpersonal sensitivity and stress treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total healthy rate was 12.86% among the employees, with 76.76% and 10.5% in sub-health and disease states. The mean scores of HPLP-II was 115.95∓21.468 in the total population surveyed, 134.23∓24.72 in healthy employees and 114.69∓19.25 in the patients. There was a significant difference in the grades of health-promoting lifestyle between sub-healthy and healthy employees (P<0.05) as well as in the scores of HPLP-II and the scores of the 6 subscales (P<0.05). An appreciable correlation was found between sub-health status and the 6 subscales, and self-realization, physical exercise and stress management showed significant inverse correlation with sub-health status.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Sub-health status is related to health-promoting lifestyle, and self-realization, physical exercise and management are the protective factors that influence sub-health status.</p>

Epidemiological Analysis and Surveillance System Evaluation for Nosocomial Infections / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To analyze the epidemiological characteristics,the efficiency of the surveillance system for nosocomial infections in our hospital,the sensitivity,specificity and timeliness of case reporting and to evaluate the efficiencies of the monitoring and reporting system.METHODS We reviewed the nosocomial infection reporting data in the year of 2005 and identified all the reported cases,confirmed cases and under-reported cases.Sensitivity and specificity of the reporting system were calculated based on these data.RESULTS The incidence of nosocomial infection was 3.04% in 2005.A majority(72.07%) of the cases were reported within 7 days of occurrence.Respiratory tract infection accounted for 57.75% of all nosocomial infections and was by far the most common site of concern.The rates of false positive reporting ranged from 14-37% and were statistically significantly associated with the sites of the infection(P

A comparative study of cytology,histopathology and immunohistochemistry of malignant lymphoma of lung mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues / 医学研究生学报

Objective: To explore the cytopathologic features and differential diagnostic essentials of the lung mucosa-associated lymphoid tumor(MALT).Methods: The fine needle aspiration(FNA) tissues and bronchi smears of 4 cases of MALT were examined by cytology,histology and immunohistochemistry respectively.Results: Cytologically,3 of the 4 cases were definitely diagnosed as lymphoid tumor and 1 suspected of small cell undifferentiated carcinoma,while histopathologically,all were diagnosed as MALT.The neoplastic cells were positive for CD20 and CD79a,but negative for CD3,CD5,CD10,CD45RO,CKpan and EMA.Conclusion: MALT is a rare pulmonary lymphoma difficult to be diagnosed.The definite diagnosis of pulmonary MALT depends on the cytology of FNA and bronchi smears,histopathology,and immunohistochemistry.

Preliminary analysis of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis maps in gastric carcinoma / 医学研究生学报

Objective: To establish the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis pH 4-7 maps of human gastric carcinoma and paired paracancerous mucosa,and to analyze differently expressed proteins of human gastric carcinoma and paired paracancerous mucosa.Methods: The total proteins of human gastric carcinoma and paired paracancerous mucosa were extracted,separated and analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis(2-DE).Results:By comparing and analyzing pH 4-7 protein expression maps of 5 cases of gastric carcinoma and paired paracancerous mucosa,128 differently expressed protein spots were detected,of which 56 expressed only in gastric carcinoma,27 in normal gastric mucosa tissues,32 more highly and 13 more lowly in gastric carcinoma than in paracancerous mucosa tissues. Conclusion: Proteins express differently in gastric carcinoma from paired paracancerous mucosa.Searching for differently expressed proteins between the two types of tissues may throw light on the molecular mechanism of gastric carcinoma.

Logistic-regression Analysis of Nosocomial Infection Risk Factors in Acute Myocardial Infarction / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the risk factors for nosocomial infection(NI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction.METHODS A retrospective study was carried out to investigate the clinical data of patients with acute myocardial infarction during the period from Jan 1,2004 to Dec 31,2006.RESULTS The incidence and case incidence of NI were 27.27% and 33.73%,respectively.Lower respiratory tract infection(69.50%) was the commonest,followed by urinary tract infection(12.06%) and gastrointestinal tract infection(10.64%).NI was closely related with patient′s age,duration of hospitalization,heart failure,urinary tract catheterization,longer stay in cardiac ICU and application of antimicrobial agents.CONCLUSIONS NI is high in patients with acute myocardial infarction,which should be paid attention on during the course of clinical treatment.

Application of PDCA Model to Manage Appropriateness of Antimicrobial Usage / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To investigate a management strategy for optimizing antimicrobial usage.METHODS We applied the PDCA(Plan,Do,Check,and Action) model to establish a management strategy for the appropriateness of antimicrobial usage.The components of the management model included providing educational program for medical staff,monitoring pathogens,analyzing the epidemic tendency of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms,guiding physicians to proper use of antimicorbial treatment,and strengthening the surveillance,feedback and the(discipline).RESULTS These efforts resulted in a universal improvement in the awareness of appropriate(antimicrobial) therapy by medical staff,a significant decrease in the rate of antimicrobial use,and an increase in the numbers of specimens submitted for pathogen identification.Furthermore,the surgical prophylaxis was gradually standardized.CONCLUSIONS Our management strategy based on PDCA model is effective.