Development and application of disposable closed midstream urine collector / 中华护理杂志

Objective To solve the problems of easily being contaminated and being difficult to hold and poor sealing for traditional midstream urine collection cups,and to reduce the unqualified rate of midstream urine collection.Methods A total of 126 patients without indwelling urinary catheter were selected from July to December in 2016 as the experimental group.From January to May 2016,112 patients without urinary catheter were selected as the control group.On the basis of conventional therapy and nursing care,the experimental group was given the self-designed disposable closed midstream urine collector to collect the specimens,and the control group was given the traditional urine cup to collect specimens.The unqualified rate,patient satisfaction and compliance were compared between two groups.Results There were 126 specimens in the experimental group,ll5 were qualified specimens,11 were unqualified specimens,and the unqualified rate was 8.73％(11/126);there were 122 specimens in the control group,91 were qualified specimens,21 were unqualified specimens,and the unqualified rate was 18.75％ (21/122);the satisfaction scores of the experimental group and the control group were (4.3±0.2) and (2.8±0.6),respectively;the experimental group had 66 cases of full compliance,48 cases of partial compliance,12 cases of non-compliance,and the compliance rate was 90.47％ (114/126);the control group had 27 cases of full compliance,51 cases of partial compliance,34 cases of noncompliance,and the compliance rate was 39.28％(44/112).Conclusion The disposable closed midstream urine collector can reduce the unqualified rate of specimens and improve patient satisfaction rate and compliance.

Development and application of disposable closed midstream urine collector / 中华护理杂志

Objective To solve the problems of easily being contaminated and being difficult to hold and poor sealing for traditional midstream urine collection cups,and to reduce the unqualified rate of midstream urine collection.Methods A total of 126 patients without indwelling urinary catheter were selected from July to December in 2016 as the experimental group.From January to May 2016,112 patients without urinary catheter were selected as the control group.On the basis of conventional therapy and nursing care,the experimental group was given the self-designed disposable closed midstream urine collector to collect the specimens,and the control group was given the traditional urine cup to collect specimens.The unqualified rate,patient satisfaction and compliance were compared between two groups.Results There were 126 specimens in the experimental group,ll5 were qualified specimens,11 were unqualified specimens,and the unqualified rate was 8.73％(11/126);there were 122 specimens in the control group,91 were qualified specimens,21 were unqualified specimens,and the unqualified rate was 18.75％ (21/122);the satisfaction scores of the experimental group and the control group were (4.3±0.2) and (2.8±0.6),respectively;the experimental group had 66 cases of full compliance,48 cases of partial compliance,12 cases of non-compliance,and the compliance rate was 90.47％ (114/126);the control group had 27 cases of full compliance,51 cases of partial compliance,34 cases of noncompliance,and the compliance rate was 39.28％(44/112).Conclusion The disposable closed midstream urine collector can reduce the unqualified rate of specimens and improve patient satisfaction rate and compliance.

Clinical study of the surgical approaches for intracraalal arachnoid cysts / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective To investigate the surgical approaches for treatment of intracraniai arachnoid cysts. Methods The clinical data of 68 patients undergoing surgeries for intracranial arachnoid cyst were retrospectively analyzed. According to the surgical approaches adopted, these cases were classified into 4 groups, namely group A with surgical cyst removal (17 cases), group B with cyst-cistemal fenestration (25 cases), group C with cyst-peritoneal shunting (20 cases), and group D with stereotactic surgery (6 cases), and the outcomes of the patients were compared. Results Follow-up for more than 3 months showed an improvement of the symptoms in 86.8% of the patients, and CT scan showed cyst volume reduction in 75.0% of the patients. The postoperative complications included pneumocranium in 2 cases, intracranial hemorrhage in 3 cases, and incision infection in 2 cases. Radiographic improvement was achieved in 11/17 (64.7%) of the patients in group A, 21/25 (84.0%) in group B, 15/20 (75.0%) in group C, and 4/6 (66.7%) in group D; Symptomatic improvement occurred in 12/17 (70.6%) in group A, 22/25 (88.0%) in group B, 19/20 (95.0%) in group C, and 6/6 (100%) in group D. The patients in group A showed a high incidence of headache [7/17 (41.2%)]. Conclusion Surgical indications and surgical timing should be carefully evaluated in the treatment of intracranial arachnoid cysts. In terms of surgical safety and minimal invasiveness, cyst-peritoneal shunting should be the primary choice in most of the cases.

Cannabinoids inhibit ATP-activated currents in rat trigeminal ganglionic neurons / 生理学报

The present study aimed to investigate whether cannabinoids could modulate the response mediated by ATP receptor (P2X purinoceptor). Whole-cell patch-clamp recording was performed on cultured rat trigeminal ganglionic (TG) neurons. The majority of TG neurons were sensitive to ATP (67/75, 89.33%). Extracellular pretreatment with WIN55212-2, a cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1 receptor) agonist, reduced ATP-activated current (I(ATP)) significantly. This inhibitory effect was concentration-dependent and was blocked by AM281, a specific CB1 receptor antagonist. Pretreatment with WIN55212-2 at 1×10(-13), 1×10(-12), 1×10(-11), 1×10(-10), 1×10(-9) and 1×10(-8) mol/L reduced I(ATP) (induced by 1×10(-4) mol/L ATP) by (8.14±3.14)%, (20.11±2.72)%, (46.62±3.51)%, (72.16±5.64)%, (80.21±2.80)% and (80.59±3.55)%, respectively. The concentration-response curves for I(ATP) pretreated with and without WIN55212-2 showed that WIN55212-2 shifted the curve downward, and decreased the maximal amplitude of I(ATP) by (58.02±4.21)%. But the threshold value and EC(50) (1.15×10(-4) mol/L vs 1.27×10(-4) mol/L) remained unchanged. The inhibition of I(ATP) by WIN55212-2 was reversed by AM281, suggesting that the inhibition was mediated via the CB1 receptor. Pretreatment with forskolin [an agonist of adenylyl cyclase (AC)] or 8-Br-cAMP reversed the inhibition of I(ATP) by WIN55212-2. These results suggest that the inhibitory effect of cannabinoids on I(ATP) is mediated via the CB1 receptors, that lead to inhibition of the AC-cAMP-PKA signaling pathway.

Prognostic values of lactate dehydrogenase and ?_2 microglobulin levels in adult acute myeloid leukemia / 上海第二医科大学学报

Objective To investigate the prognostic values of serum lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) and beta-2 microglobulin(?2-MG) levels in patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML). Methods The associations of serum LDH and ?2-MG levels at diagnosis,remission and relapse with treatment and prognosis in 68 patients with AML were retrospectively analysed. Results There were no difference in LDH and ?2-MG between AML subtypes patients.The level of serum LDH and ?2-MG at diagnosis and relapse were much higher than those at remission.Patients with lower level of LDH and ?2-MG got higher CR rate and longer term overall survival and disease-free survival.Patients with higher level of both LDH and ?2-MG got lower CR rate,shorter term of overall survival and disease-free survival than those with higher level of LDH or ?2-MG or those with normal level of LDH and ?2-MG. Conclusion LDH and ?2-MG is a singificant prognostic indicator for AML.While combined LDH and ?2-MG are more definite for the treatment and diagnosis.

Relationship between TGF-?/Smads signal transduction and leukemic cells / 上海第二医科大学学报

Transforming growth factor-?(TGF-?) is a kind of multifunctional cytokine that regulates cell growth,differentiation,cellular senescence,apoptosis,wound healing and embryo development.As a tumor suppressor,deregulated or aberrant TGF-? signaling has been strongly implicated in human solid tumors,as well as in normal and malignant hematopoiesis.TGF? exerts an inhibitory role during the whole procedure of hematopoiesis.As a cell cycle inhibitor,it maintains cells in a quiescent state and can downregulate expression of hematopoiesis activators and oncoproteins.In malignant hematopoiesis,altered expression of coactivators or corepressors involve in TGF-?-induced transcriptional responses and loss/disruption of TGF-? target gene expression.Then malignant cells grow and differentiate abnormally.In acute promyelocytic leukemia,PML-RAR? may inhibit TGF-? signaling through inhibition of cPML and nPML.Degradation of PML-RAR? by ATRA restores this signaling pathway.