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Objective:To observe the expression of interleukin (IL)-38 in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and to explore the regulatory effect of IL-38 on IκB kinase complex.Methods:The gene expression levels of IL-38 and IκB kinase complex were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Serum IL-38 levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of IκB-kinase complex (IκK)α/β and phospho IκKα/β protein weredetermined by Western blotting analysis. Statistical analysis was conducted with or Mann-Whitney rank test.Results:① The expression level of IL-38 mRNA in active SLE patients (0.36±0.09) was significantly lower than that in the normal control group (1.00±0.17) ( Z=-4.07, P<0.01); the expression level of IL-38 protein in active SLE patients (5.86±2.76) significantly reduced as compared with normal control group (18.48±1.35) ( Z=-4.76, P<0.05). ② The expression level of IκKα mRNA (7.45±0.31) and IκKβ mRNA (6.01±1.51) in active SLE patients was significantly higher than that in normal control group (1.16±0.04) and (1.16±0.14) ( Z=-4.67, P<0.05; Z=-4.37, P<0.01), and the expression level of IL-38 mRNA was negatively correlated with IκKα mRNA and IκKβ mRNA in active SLE patients ( r=-0.78, P<0.05; r=-0.83, P<0.05). ③ IκKα/β and phosphorylated IκKα/β protein expression in active SLE patients (2.38±0.03) and (1.90±0.03) increased significantly compared with healthy controls (1.00±0.04) and (1.00±0.08) ( Z=-1.96, P<0.05; Z=-1.99, P<0.05). ④ In vitro experiment, IL-38 caused a significant decrease in the expression level of IκKα mRNA (1.70±0.12) and IκKβ mRNA (2.52±0.10) from active SLE patientscompared with untreated cells (2.56±0.28) and (3.82±0.38) ( Z=-1.96, P<0.05; Z=-1.37, P<0.05). ⑤ In vitro experiment, IL-38 caused a significant decrease in the expression level of IκKα/β (1.54±0.06) and phosphoryl-ated IκKα/β (0.970±0.012) protein expression in active SLE patients compared with untreated cells (2.93±0.08) and (1.572±0.051)( P<0.05). Conclusion:The de-crease of IL-38 level in SLE patients result in the excessive activation of IκB kinase complex IκKα and IκKβ, and therefore triggersystemic lupus erythematosus.
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Objective To investigate the value of gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA) enhanced MRI in assessing liver reserve function in patients with normal liver function and abnormal liver function.Methods Totally 99 hepatitis B cirrhosis patients with abnormal liver function were classified into the following three groups,i.e.Child-Pugh A group (n=48),Child Pugh B group (n=40),Child Pugh C group (n=11),while 21 patients without chronic liver disease were taken as normal liver function group.All patients underwent Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI.At 3 min,10 min and 20 min after intravenous administration of Gd-EOB-DTPA,the relative enhancement (RE) of whole liver and liver segments (S1-S8) was calculated,and the differences of liver RE were compared among different liver function groups and liver segments.Results At 3 min,10 min and 20 min after intravenous administration of Gd EOB-DTPA,the differences of whole liver RE and segmental liver RE among the Child Pugh A group,Child-Pugh B group,Child Pugh C group and normal liver function group were statistically different (all P＜0.05).At 3 min,10 min and 20 min after injection,RE of normal liver function group and Child Pugh A group was significantly different among different liver segments (S1-S8).At 10 min and 20 min after injection,RE of Child-Pugh B group was significantly different among different liver segments,while at 20 min after injection,RE of Child-Pugh C group was significantly different among different liver segments.Conclusion Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI can accurately assess whole liver and segmental liver function.
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Objective To investigate the effect of interleukin (IL)-38 on T helper 17 (Th17) cells in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods Total RNA were extracted and reverse transcribed into complementary DNA.Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was used to determine the gene expression of IL-38 at transcription level.Enzyme linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the levels of IL-38 and IL-17 in peripheral blood.The percentage of peripheral blood Th17 cells was determined by Flow cytometry.Statistical analysis was conducted with t-test and Mann-Whitney U rank test.Results ① IL-38 mRNA expression from RA patients (2.9±4.0) was significantly reduced as compared with normal controls (5.8±3.6),(Z=-1.28,P＜0.05).IL-38 protein expression from RA patients (0.44±0.03) was lower than healthy controls (0.72±0.58),(Z=-1.59,P＜0.05).② The number of Th17 cells from RA patients (11.7±3.2) increased compared with healthy controls (7.9±2.3),(Z=-1.98,P＜0.05).The counts of Th17 cells from RA patients was negatively correlated with IL-38 (r=-0.38,P＜0.05).③ The level of peripheral blood IL-17 in RA (64±52) was significantly higher than normal controls (35±8),(Z=-2.17,P＜0.05).The level of IL-17 in RA was negatively correlated with IL-38 (r=-0.31,P＜0.05).④ IL-38 caused a significant decrease in the number of Th17 cells from RA patients (5.7±1.2) compared with untreated cells (7.9±2.3),(Z=-1.57,P＜0.05).Conclusion The decrease of IL-38 level in RA patients has resulted in the excessive activation of Th17 cells,which triggers the occurrence of RA.
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Objective To evaluate the ability of Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI in the evaluation of liver reserve function in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis.Methods Patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis and controls with normal liver function and free of chronic liver disease were collected prospectively.Signal intensity(SI)of each hepatic segments(S1-S8)were measured of all cases before injection and after bolus administration of Gd-EOB-DTPA,and the whole liver signal intensity was assessed as the average signal intensity.The whole liver relative enhancement degree(relative enhancement RE)was calculated.The one way A NOVA was used to compare SI and RE among four groups at different time and the Friedman test was used to compare SI and RE within each group at different time.The Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to do correlation analysis.ROC curve was used to analyze the efficacy of Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI in the diagnosis of liver dysfunction and was used to compare the diagnostic performance of SI and RE in discriminating normal liver function group-Child A from Child B-C.Results Patients enrolled with normal liver function,Child-Pugh A,B and C was 21, 40,48 and 11.SI and RE between different groups were statistically significant at each time(P<0.05);and was statistically significant at different time within the same group.Correlation analysis of SI and RE with liver function classification at different time points showed:in addition to SI20 s(r= -0.190,P= 0.038),RE20 s(r=0.081,P=0.382),SI and RE at each time point were highly negatively related with liver function classification(P<0.01).SI10 minand RE10 minwere higher significantly negatively related with liver function classification.T he area under the ROC curve was 0.839,0.707,0.779 and 0.547,respectively.Conclusion Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI can assess liver reserve function in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis,SI and RE can reflect the degree of liver function reserve in a certain extent.It has some value in predicting the normal or mild injury of liver function with moderate or severe injury of liver function.
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Objective To investigate the clinical application of temporary balloon occlusion of the common iliac artery in performing cesarean section for patients with pernicious placenta previa and placenta accreta.Methods A total of five cases with ultrasound or MRI diagnosed pernicious placenta previa and placenta accreta were analyzed retrospectively.One of the cases was diagnosed Rh(-)blood type.Prophylactic temporary balloon implantation in bilateral common iliac arteries were carried out before cesarean section.Digital subtraction angiography ensured the position of balloon catheter and the catheter was fixed.The balloon was inflated immediately after the removal of the fetus.The balloon was removed at 6-8 hours after the cesarean section.The amount of blood loss,transfusion requirement,cesarean hysterectomy rate, and X-ray exposured time and dose during the procedure were recorded.Results Temporary balloon implantation in bilateral common iliac arteries in all five patients were obtained successfully.The blood loss was seen <500 mL in one patient and 500-1 000 mL in other four patients.Because of placenta implantation over depth of serosa and placenta percreta in one case,massive intractable hemorrhage occurred in short time,partial hysterectomy had to be carried out.The uterus was retained in other four cases.Conclusion The temporary balloon occlusion of the common iliac artery in performing cesarean section is a safe and effective technique,and it can reduce the amount of blood loss,transfusion requirement and secondary risk due to uncontrollable bleeding during surgery.
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Objective To investigate the regulatory effects of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC -MSCs) on Th17 cells and related cytokines in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods Human UC-MSCs were isolated and expanded and infused into fourteen SLE patients. Clinical changes were evaluated before and after transplantation by SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI), 24-hour urine protein, serum albumin and complement C3. The percentages of CD3 +CD8-IL17A + T cells in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry. Concentrations of plasma IL-6, TGF-β, IL-17A, IL-22were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). UC-MSCs and peripheral blood mononindependent samples t-test. Results SLEDAI scores decreased significantly at 3 month (7.8±1.2, t=2.19) and 6 month (6.9±0.9, t=4.2) after UC-MSCs transplantation than pre-transplantation level (10.4±0.9, P0.05).Conclusion UC-MSCs transplantation down-regulates the percentages of CD3+CD8-IL17A+T cells in SLE patients, which may be one of the mechanisms for its therapeutic effect in refractory SLE.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of IκB kinase (IKK-β) on migration and proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsHuman bone marrow aspirates were collected from iliac of six donors and six SLE patients and cultured in vitro.Migration of BMSCs were observed by wound healing and transwell migration assays.Proliferation of BMSCs was quantified by cell counting kit-8 assay.Total RNA was extracted and reverse transcribed into complementary DNA.Real-time PCR technique was used to determine the gene expression of IKK-β at transcription level.The expression of IKK-β and phospho-IKK-β(p-IKK-β) protein were determined by Western blotting analysis.Statistical analysis was conducted with or Mann-Whitney rank test.Results① The migration rate of BMSCs from SLE patients(5.2±3.8)‰ were significantly reduced as compared with normal controls (7.0±2.9)‰(P＜0.05 ).The proliferation of BMSCs of SLE patients (0.21±0.49)was lower than that from healthy controls ( 1.00±0.35 )(P＜0.05 ).②) No difference in IKK-β3 mRNA expression between SLE ( 1.9± 1.4) subjects and normal controls (1.9±2.4) (P＞0.05).IKK-β protein expression of BMSCs from SLE patients (1.41 ±0.19) increased significantly compared with healthy controls (0.93±1.24) (P＜0.05).③ Inhibitor of IKK-β caused a significant increase in cell migration (3.3±1.6)‰ and proliferation (1.13±0.26) of BMSCs from SLE patients compared with untreated cells (2.3±1.1)‰ and (0.81±0.17),respectively (P＜0.05).ConclusionMigration and proliferation of BMSCs are significantly decreased in SLE patients.IKK-β may be involved in migration and proliferation of BMSCs.
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Objective To explore the role of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the senescence of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) and the underlying mechanisms that controls the intracellular ROS levels in vitro. Methods Human bone marrow aspirates were collected from iliac of eight donors and eight SLE patients and cultured in vitro.Morphological appearance of BMSCs at different passages was examined by inverted microscope. Nuclear size was measured by fluorescence microscope. BMSCs were monitored using the senescence associated β-galacto-sidase (SAβ-gal) assay to characterize senescence in vitro. The quantification of intracellular ROS production was detected by flow cytometry. Real-time PCR technique was used to determine the gene expressions of PI3K, KRas, NRas and FoxO3 at transcription level. The expression of FoxO3, phospho-FoxO3 (p-FoxO3),AKT and phospho-AKT (p-AKT) protein were determined by Western blot analysis. Statistical analysis was conducted with t-test and Mann-Whitney rank test.Results There were no differences in morphology and nuclear size[(31.4±4.5) vs (28.2±4.8) μm, P=0.628] of BMSCs between SLE patients and normal controls.The percentage of SA β-gal positive BMSCs from SLE patients was higher than that from healthy controls [(31.8±9.0)% vs (12.4±0.7)%, P＜0.05]. Intracellular ROS levels of BMSCs from SLE patients increased more significantly than healthy donors in vitro (34600±9600 vs 17 958±5400, P＜0.05). No significant differences in the expression of PI3K, NRas, KRas and FoxO3 from SLE subjects were observed at mRNA levels compared with normal controls, though all showed a similar upward trend. The expression of p-FoxO3 and p-AKT of BMSCs from SLE patients increased significantly compared with healthy controls at protein levels.Conclusion These data suggest that BMSCs from SLE patients aged more quickly, with high SA β-gal activity and up-regulation of intracellular ROS, which is associated with up-regulation of p-FoxO3 and pAKT at protein levels. These results indicate that bone marrow mesenchymal cell senescence may be associated with the pathogcnesis of SLE by maintaining the lifespan of BMSCs.
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Objective To investigate the apoptosis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)from systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)patients and the expression of apoptotic molecules.Methods BMSCs were isolated from bone marrow of SLE patients and normal controls by density eentrifugation and adhesive culture in vitro.The apoptosis of BMSCs were evaluated by TUNEL assay.The expressions of Fas.Bcl-2 and the activity of Caspase 8 were detected by flow cytometry.Real-time PCR technique was used to determine the gene expressions of Fas,Bcl-2,Bax,Bcl-w,Caspase 8 and Apaf-1.Meanwhile,cytochrome C was detected by immunocytochemistry.Statistical analysis was conducted with t-test and Mann-Whitney rank test.Results The percentage of apoptotic BMSCs increased in SLE patients compared with healthy donors[(64±10)%vs [14±9)%,U=0,P0.05).Conclusion BMSCs from SLE patients undergo more apoptosis,the mechanisms may be associated with the down regulation of Bcl-2,up-regulation of Cytoehrome C in cytoplasm and the activation of Caspase 8,which directs the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways.
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Objective To study the role of the expression levels of 5 type Ⅰ interferon (IFN)-inducible genes (LY6E, OAS1, OASL, MX1, and ISG15) in the diagnosis and disease activity evaluation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods Peripheral blood was obtained from 68 SLE patients, 50 patients with other connective tissue diseases and 26 normal controls, and total RNA was extracted and reverse transcribed into complementary DNA. Real-time PCR technique was used to determine gene expressions at transcription level. An IFN score for each individual was calculated according to the expression of 5 1FN genes. Comparisons of gene expression and IFN score were made among groups. The genes expression levels in patients with SLE were analyzed using receiver operative characteristic curve. The association between IFN scores and disease activity, as assessed by the SLEDAI scores and 24 h proteinuria, was analyzed using Spearman correlation analyses. Results ① The expression levels of MX1, OASL, OAS1, ISG15 and LY6E mRNA in SLE patients were significantly increased as compared with normal controls and disease controls (P all＜0.01 ).② IFN scores in SLE patients (17.9±29.1) were significantly increased as compared with normal controls (0±3.3)and disease controls (3.0±8.1) (P all＜0.01 ). ③ IFN scores area under the ROC curve (AUCROC) was 0.846. When The IFN scores reached 2.56, its sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of SLE were 93.1%and 78.3%, respectively. ④ Levels of IFN score was positively correlated with SLEDAI scores (r=0.256,P＜0.05) and 24 h proteinuria (r=0.337, P＜0.05). Conclusion The 5 IFN-inducible genes are highly expressed in SLE patients. IFN score level is valuable for the diagnosis of SLE and a high IFN score is usually associated with an elevated disease activity.
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Objective To explore the pertinence between the concentrations of seminal leptin (lep) and genital endocrine hormones, such as testosterone(T), follicle stimulating hormone( FSH), luteotropic hormone(LH) and insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1), as well as the effect of Lep on sperm concentration,motility and genital function indexes.Methods 126 cases of infertility and 30 cases of normal fertility were randomly chosen.The contents of Lep, T, FSH and LH were detected by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and the IGF-1 content were detected by immunoradiometric assay (IRMA).The infertility group was divided into group A (sperm count ≥ 20×109 /L), group B (sperm count ＜ 20×109 /L) and group C of azoospermia.According to the number of white blood cell ( WBC ) in 10 high power fields (HPF), the infertility group was further divided into group WBC (WBC count ≥ 1×109 /L) and group Non-WBC(WBC count ＜ 1×109 /L).According to the sperm vitality and the rate of motility, group A was subdivided into the group of normal spermatic vitality (a + b≥50% ), the group of abnormal vitality( a + b ＜ 50% ) (a refers to the number of sperms with fast forward movement, and b refers to the number of sperms with slow or sluggish forward movement), the group of normal rate of spermatic motility( the rate ≥60% ) and the group of decreased rate of motility( the rate ＜60% ).According to the examination results of the normal contrast group, group A and group B were respectively divided into the following groups: the group of normal sperm penetrating power(≥40 mm), the group of decreased penetrating power( ＜ 40 mm), the group of normal intact acrosome rate(≥80% ), the group of decreased intact acrosome rate( ＜ 80% ), the group of normal terminal swelling rate( ≥60% ) and the group of decreased terminal swelling rate( ＜60% ).Results The concentration of Lep in the infertility group was (2.77±0.80) μg/L, significantly higher than the level of Lep [ (1.14 ± 0.31 ) μg/L ] in the contrast group ( t = 10.943,P ＜ 0.05 ).The contents of IGF-1 and T were ( 17.67±8.09) μg/L and (4.84±2.15) nmol/L respectively, significantly lower than the levels of IGF-1 [(24.79±9.32) μg/L] and T [(6.30±2.53) nmol/L] in the contrast group (t =4.205,3.228,P＜0.01).There existed no significant differences of the concentrations of FSH and LH between the two groups ( t = 1.655,1.378 ,P ＞ 0.05 ).The concentrations of FSH and LH were (32.61±9.14) U/L and (40.57 ± 12.40) U/L respectively in the infertility group and(29.63±7.56) U/L and (37.25±9.19) U/L respectively in the contrast group.The concentrations of Lep and IGF-1 and T showed negative correlation in the infertility group (r = -0.237, -0.316,P ＜ 0.01 ).The concentration of Lep had no correlation to the FSH and LH concentration (r = 0.104, 0.112, P ＞ 0.05 ).The concentration of Lep showed a gradual increase within group A, group B and group C (F = 115.93, P ＜ 0.01 ).The leptin contents in the above mentioned normal subgroups were found to be lower than the abnormal groups.Conclusions There exists pertinence between the Lep concentration and the concentrations of TGF-1, T, FSH and LH.Lep may decrease the sperm density and inhibit sperm vitality and the motility rate through inhibiting androgen secretion and sperm capacitation.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the relationship between the contents of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the seminal plasma of infertile males and sperm function indexes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>By radioimmunoassay (RIA), we determined the contents of IL-1beta, IL-4 and IL-10 in the seminal plasma of 126 infertile and 20 normal males. According to the sperm count, the infertile were divided into three groups: Groups A (sperm count > or = 20 x 10(6)/ml), B (sperm count < 20 x 10(6)/ml) and C (azoospermia). Based on sperm vitality and motility, Group A was subdivided into a normal and abnormal vitality group and a normal and decreased motility group. In line with the serum results of antisperm antibody (AsAb) and semen WBC, the infertile males were divided into AsAb positive and negative, and WBC semen and non-WBC semen groups. According to the assay results of normal males, Groups A and B were each subdivided into normal and decreased groups of sperm penetrating power, intact acrosome rate and terminal swelling rate.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The content of IL-1beta in the seminal plasma of the infertility group was obviously higher, but the content of IL-4, IL-10 significantly lower than that of the normal group (P < 0.01). In the infertility group, there existed significant differences in the contents of IL-1beta, IL-4, IL-10 in seminal plasma between the WBC and non-WBC semen groups, as well as between the AsAb positive and negative groups (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01); and the same was true for the content of IL-4 between the normal and decreased groups of sperm vitality, motility, penetrating power, intact acrosome rate, and terminal swelling rate (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The contents of IL-1beta, IL-4 and IL-10 in seminal plasma are closely related to male reproduction. The increase or decrease of the contents reflects the state of immunity and infection of the reproductive system, and influences sperm functions.</p>
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Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Case-Control Studies , Infertility, Male , Allergy and Immunology , Metabolism , Interleukin-1 , Interleukin-10 , Interleukin-4 , Radioimmunoassay , Semen , Chemistry , Sperm Count , Sperm MotilityABSTRACT
Objective:To study the possible therapeutic mechanisms of triptergium wilfordi in treating glomerulonephritis.Methods:Thirty seven patients with IgA nephropathy were detected urine mononeuclear cells densities with flow cytometry during taking triptergium wilfordi tablets,30 healthy people were used as normal control.Results:The patients urine CD3 +?CD4 +?CD8 +?CD14 + and CD44 + cells densities were much higher than normal control's,but obviously decreased after triptergium wilfordi treatment.CD4/CD8 ratio was much lower in patients than in normal control.It increased markedly after treatment.Patients who reached remission initially had a lower CD4 + cell percentage and higher CD14 + cells percentage than those showed no response to triptergium wilfordi treatment.Conclusion:Triptergium wilfordi could modulate kidney immune cell function and adhesive molecule CD44 expression.Its effects were associated with renal immunity.
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To study the effect of urokinase on platelet activation and aggregation in the patients with glomerulonephritis. Platelet counts(PC),mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet distribution width (PDW) were determined with automatic blood cell analytic apparatus, the expressive levels of platelet granular membrane protein (GMP 140) and fibrinogen receptor(GPⅡb Ⅲa) on the surfaces of platelets were assayed with flow cytometry, and the levels of fibinogen and fibrin degradation products (FDP) in blood were measured with ELISA in 102 children with glomerulonephritis. The results showed that urokinase led to PC decreas,MPV increase and PDW exceeding normal value in 102 children with glomerulonephritis, including micro change (MC),glomerulosclerosis (GS),membranous nephropathy (MN), and proliferative glomerulonephritis (PGN).The expressive levels of GMP 140 after the treatment with urokinase were significantly higher than that before the treatment and controls( P 0 01). The results suggested that urokinase used in the patients with glomerulonephritis increased platelet activation function and decreased platelet aggregation function.
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Objective:To investigate the expression of CD14 +/CD16 + by monocytes in neonate septicemia and its significance.Methods:The expression of CD14 +/CD16 + by monocytes in 124 neonates was analyzed by Flow cytometry,the levels of IL 6、IL 10 and TNF ? in blood was measured by radioimmunoassay and bacteria culture and drug sensitive were tested by Bactec 9120 bacteria culture system.Results:The expression levles of CD14 +/CD16 + by monocytes and the levels of IL 6 and TNF ? in the septicemia group were significantly higher than those in the normal group and non septicemia group (P
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Objective:To investigate the expression of membrane cofacto protein(MCP)?decay accelerating factor(DAF) and homologous restricition factor 20(HRF 20) on the surface of CD16 + monocyte/macrophage(Mo/M?) in patients with glomerulonephritis(GN).Methods:Tested the expression levels of MCP?DAF and HRF 20 on the surface of CD16 +Mo/M? by Flow Cytometry and the levels of serum C3d and C3d immunologic complex(C3d IC) by ELISA in 136 patients with GN,divided into mini change(MC)?glomerulosclerosis(GS)?membranous nephropathy(MN) and proliferative glomerulonephritis(PGN).Results:The expressions of MCP?DAF and HRF 20 on the surface of CD16 +Mo/M? and the serum levels of C3d in the patients with GS?MN or PGN were significantly higher than those in controls(P
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Platelet count (PC) and plasma prothrombin time (PPT) of sixty- six patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease (cyanotic CHD) were determined, and linear relationship analysis was made between PC, PPT and hemoglobin (HB), Hemotocrit saturation of blood (SaO2). Blood viscosity (BV) and hemotocrit (HT) were also examined. It was discovered that there was a significant positive linear relationship between SaO2 and PC, HB and PPT, and a significant negative linear relationship between PC and HB, BV, HT, respectively. There was a significant difference of PC in cyanotic-CHD (n = 66) as compared with noncyanotic-CHD (t=13.9508, P
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In order to improve the diagnosis and treatment of severe hemolytic uremic syndrome (SHUS),we summarized the rescuing experiences in 3 children with SHUS.Therefore,close observation of gastro intestinal symptoms,collaborated with repeated examinations of the blood,renal function,urinary output,blood pressure,and manifestations of the central nervous system could help predict to certain extent the occurrence of further hemolysis and renal failure in these patients.Energetic treatment of malignant hypertension and relieving the symptoms of center nervous system could successfully improve renal functions.If urinary output decreased quickly,creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) increased,or severe infection occurred in SHUS patients,hemodialysis should be undertaken as early as possible to prevent caute renal failure and multiple organ failure syndrome (MOFS).Therefore,the treatment of SHUS in children has its peculiarity and complexity.