In situ vessel anastomosis in treatment of severe degloving injury of hand: clinical efficacy and long-term follow-up / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective:To explore the feasibility and clinical efficacy of in situ vessels anastomosis in treatment of severe degloving injury of hand, and long-term follow-up observation of the clinical efficacy.Methods:From January 2016 to December 2018, 11 patients of severe degloving avulsion injuries were treated in the Department of Hand and Microsurgery of Tianjin Hospital. Six patients had right hands injuried and 5 in left hands. The age of patients ranged from 16 to 51 years old, with an average age of 31.5 years old. All injuries accompanied with metacarpal or phalangeal fractures. In situ vascular anastomosis was applied to all patients in the replantation surgery. Long-time follow-ups and observation of postoperative appearance, sensory and hand function recovery were conducted through visits of outpatient clinic.Results:All operations were successful. All degloving tissues survived after replantation in 6 patients. Partial palm skin necrosis and thumb nail bed necrosis occurred in 1 patient, and treated with skin grafting and abdominal flap transfer. Thumb nail bed necrosis occurred in 2 patient, in which 1 patient repaired by abdominal pedicled flap transfer, and the other patient repair by local flap transfer. One patient had dorsal hand skin necrosis, and repaired with free anterolateral thigh flap(ALTF). One patient had palm hand skin necrosis, and repaired with free skin grafting. There were 1 patient had index and middle finger necrosis and 1 with little finger necrosis. And finger amputation was performed later. Mean follow-up period was 22 (15-36) months. According to the Evaluation Standard of Upper Limb Partial Functional of Hand Surgery of Chinese Medical Association, 6 patients were in excellent, 3 in good and 2 in fair. According to the standard of British Medical Research Council (BMRC), sensation recovered to S 4 in 5 patients, S 3 in 5 patients and S 2 in 1 patient. Conclusion:Using precise microsurgical techniques to directly anastomose in situ vessels in the treatment of severe hand degloving injuries can achieve satisfactory long-term recovery of hand function.

Research progress in the treatment of peripheral nerve defects with nerve grafting materials / 中华显微外科杂志

Peripheral nerve defect is a common clinical disease, and the principle for treatment is to restore nerve continuity. At present, autologous nerve transfer is the main method for repairing nerve defects in clinic, but its application is limited by many disadvantages. In recent years, artificial repair materials without sacrificing autologous nerve have been applied and the safety and effectiveness have been preliminarily confirmed. This paper reviews the domestic and foreign literature reports in recent years.

Human acellular nerve allograft in repair of traumatic nerve defect of upper extremity: A preliminary observation / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective:To observe clinical outcomes of the repair of traumatic nerve defects in the proximal upper extremities by human acellular nerve allograft(hANG).Methods:Nerve defects in the upper extremities in 8 patients were repaired by hANG from March 2017 to January 2019. The patients were 6 males and 2 females with mean age of 35.4 (21-53) years old. The nerve defects were 2 radial nerve in distal upper arm, 4 median nerve in forearm, 1 interosseous dorsal nerve and 1 ulnar nerve in forearm. All injuries were acute nerve injury. Two patients had combined injury of upper arm muscle, 4 of forearm muscle and 1 of brachial artery defect. All wound were moderate to severe contaminated. The length of nerve defects was 30-60 (mean 45) mm. The surgical procedures were fixation of fracture, repair of the muscle and discovery of the broken ends of nerve and to repair with hANG. The postoperative follow-up period ranged 18 to 40 (mean 30.6) months to observe the local response of recovery. The efficacy was evaluated by the Upper Extremity Function Evaluation Standard set up by Hand Surgery Branch of Chinese Medical Association and Grading Standard of Muscle Strength.Results:No graft rejection was observed in all cases. Primarily healing was in 5 patients. Delayed healing in 2 patients and free skin grafting was performed. Local flap transfer was performed to repair the wound in 1 patient who developed a skin necrosis 10 days after surgery. Two patients with median nerve defects had nerve function restored well. The strength of finger grip and thumb opposition muscle restored to grade IV and the sensory function had restored S 3+. The interosseous dorsal nerve in 1 patient restored well. The strength of extensor digitorum tendon had restored to grade IV. Based on the evaluation criteria for the upper extremity issued by the Hand Surgery of the Chinese Medical Association, 3 patients was rated in excellent for function recovery, 1 in fair and 4 in poor. Conclusion:After throughout debridement, hANG can be applied in the repair of traumatic nerve defect in the proximal upper extremity in an emergency surgery and it can partially restore the nerve function.

Domestic research progress in replantation of rotational avulsed thumbs / 中华显微外科杂志

Thumb loss will seriously affect hand function. Replantation of a severed thumb is indispensable if possible. There is a higher level of difficulty in replantation of rotational avulsed thumbs when compared with other type of severed digit. But with the development of microsurgery technique and instruments, the survival rate of replantation has been significantly increased. How to achieve a simple and fast operation, minimal trauma at the donor site and the best function recovery, is the task for future exploration. However, there exists obvious variance in individual differences among surgeons, due to the lack of a unified standard surgical procedure. Therefore, based on a study of domestic literatures, this article reviews the specific methods in handling of bones, repair of nerve, tendon and blood vessels as well as the skin coverage applied in replantation of thumb rotation avulsion detachment. This article summarises the most clinical widely used and ideal operations and provides a reference for the surgeons.

Repair of nail bed defect / 中华显微外科杂志

The nail and nail bed are indispensibal structures with important function and esthetics role on the tip of fingers. Injury of the nail and nail bed often seriously affect the appearance and function of the fingers. The correct and timely treatment is essential for the restortation of good function according to the typing and degreement of the injuries. This paper reviewed about the function of nail and nail bed, typing of injury, evaluation of therapeutic effect and reconstruction of nail bed injury.

Modified thin anterolateral thigh flaps for reconstruction of hand and foot defects / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of modified thin anterolateral thigh flaps for recon-struction of hand and foot defects. Methods Between March, 2016 and September, 2017, 17 patients were recon-structed with modified thin anterolateral thigh flap. There were 6 cases for reconstruction of hand, and 3 of them were located in the back dorsal of hand defects. There were 11 cases for reconstruction of ankle and foot, and 5 of them were located in the dorsal of foot. The size of the flap was 5 cm×3 cm-33 cm×10 cm. The traditional perforator flap was elevated just above the deep fascial plane. The debulking procedures could follow before the pedicle was cut off. The modified method was that the flap was elevated from the superficial fascia and the plane between deep and superficial fat without intraoperative debulking procedures. Results Three flaps were eventually survived after secondary ex-ploratory operation caused by the hematoma. Two flaps had partial loss, 1 of which needed secondary skin grafting, and the other flap healed with additional intention. Followed-up period was 3-18 (average, 7) months . All flaps showed relatively good contour and the patients were satisfied with clinical outcomes. Conclusion It is a safe and reliable way that perforator flap can be elevated from the superficial fascia and the plane between deep and superficial fat. It can obtain a thin flap immediately and reduce donor-site morbidity without additional defatting and time-con-suming. The flap is soft with good contour. This technique is an ideal option for covering defects composed of dorsal of the hand or foot and the head and neck regions.

Curative analysis of managements of fracture of the first metacarpal basal body / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective To analyze the curative effects of different managements of different types of fracture of the first metacarpal basal body. Methods From October 1984 to October 2003, 142 patients with fracture of the first metacarpal basal body were treated with 5 different methods: manipulative reduction and fixation with abduction tooth arch, manipulative reduction and suspension traction, manipulative reduction and fixation with abduction frame, manipulative reduction and percutaneous internal fixation with Kirschner wire, as well as open reduction and internal fixation with Kirschner wire or screw. Results 80 patients were followed up. The therapeutic efficacy was excellent in 65 cases , good in 13 cases, poor in 2 cases. Conclusion Different types of fracture of the first metacarpal basal body can be treated satisfactorily if a suitable management is applied accordingly.