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Objective:To investigate Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) infected by Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) in children of different age and gender admitted to the Pediatric and Respiratory Departments of 31 public hospitals in different regions of Shandong province in autumn and winter, and to further analyze the epidemiological characteristics of MPP in children.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted to collect and summarize basic information, epidemiological characteristics of children with MPP, laboratory and etiological test results of hospitalized from 31 public hospitals in Shandong Province from September 1, 2021 to December 15, 2021 through questionnaire issuance.The differences between groups were compared by the χ2 test. Results:Among 39 970 children hospitalized in 31 hospitals from September 1, 2021 to December 15, 2021, 17 613 were diagnosed with MPP, with a prevalence rate of 44.07%.There were more children diagnosed with MPP in Eastern Shandong than those in other regions.Serological tests were the main method of confirming the disease (16 730 cases, 76.06%). The combined infections in MPP patients were primarily caused by the influenza B virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae.A total of 33.03% (5 817/17 613 cases)of children with MPP underwent bronchoscopy.The main indication was atelectasis, and mucosal erosion/ulcers were found in most of the children.The main complication of MPP was pleural atelectasis (23.47%, 4 133/17 613 cases). Severe intrapulmonary and extrapulmonary complications also occurred in some patients, including necrotizing pneumonia (0.53%, 94/17 613 cases), pulmonary embolism (0.16%, 29/17 613 cases) etc. Conclusions:The prevalence of MPP in children in Shandong province is high in autumn and winter.It is necessary to pay attention to the clinical examination indicators of hospitalized children with MPP, actively give treatment to children with MPP, prevent the occurrence of complications, and promote the physical recovery of children.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>High rate of in-stent restenosis (ISR) remained an unsolved clinical problem in clinical practice, especially among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Diabetic patients often had hypertriglyceridemia with elevated levels of very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C). Increasing evidence suggested that VLDL-C was known as a significant risk factor for atherosclerosis and had been recommended as a treatment target by current dyslipidemia guidelines. However, the role of VLDL-C in the occurrence and development of ISR in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with DM had not been studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the elevated levels of VLDL-C and the risk of ISR in CAD patients with DM.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 1390 diabetic patients, who underwent coronary drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation at Beijing Anzhen Hospital and followed up by angiography within 6-24 months, were consecutively enrolled. Patients' demographic and clinical characteristics, including age, gender, CAD risk factors, family history, life style, medical history, and coronary angiographic information, were collected carefully at baseline percutaneous coronary intervention and follow-up angiography. Multivariate Cox's proportional hazards regression modeling using the step-wise method (entry, 0.05; removal, 0.05) was used to determine the independent risk associated with ISR in diabetic patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Finally, 1206 of patients were included in this study. ISR occurred in 132/1206 diabetic patients (10.9%) by follow-up angiography. Patients with ISR had elevated median serum VLDL-C levels compared with those without ISR (0.65 mmol/L vs. 0.52 mmol/L, P = 0.030). The multivariate regression analysis showed that VLDL-C was significantly associated with the risk of ISR in diabetic CAD patients (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03-1.29, P = 0.017). The HR for the risk of ISR associated with VLDL-C level ≥0.52 mmol/L was 3.01 (95% CI: 1.24-7.34, P = 0.015).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The elevated level of serum VLDL-C was a significant and independent risk factor for ISR in diabetic CAD patients after coronary DES implantation.</p>
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Objective To explore the clinical manifestations of hypermastigote detected from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP).Methods The clinical data from 18 cases (7 male cases,11 female cases;the age raged from 5 months to 13 years;13 case lived in rural cottage,5 cases lived in town building;the course ranged from 2 to 60 days) of MPP coinfected with hypermastigote were retrospectively analyzed,including the symptomatic and physical examination data, laboratory test, chest imaging features, bronchoscopic manifestation imaging,treatment and prognosis.The clinical characteristics and treatment of MPP coinfected with hypermastigote were analyzed.Results Clinical symptoms showed that 18 cases had cough, 14 cases had fever and 4 cases had asthma;laboratory blood routine test detected that 13 cases had increased leukocytes,5 cases with increased eosinophils;11 cases with increased C reactive protein and 8 cases with increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate.Eleven of 18 cases received immunological examination,which showed that 3 cases had increased IgG,2 cases with increased IgM,5 cases with increased IgA,and 11 cases with decreased ratio of CD4 and CD8;bronchoalveolar lavage fluid test showed that 1 case had increased eosinophils and hypermastigote were detected in 18 cases.High density spotty shadow were seen in chest imaging.Mucosal congestion, attached with white sputamentum, longitudinal folds, floc floating and sputum bolt obstructing within the lumen were seen under the bronchoscopy.The macrolides antibiotics combined with metronidazole (5 cases received metronidazole lung lavage) were effective.Conclusions Hypermastigote is a new type pathogen isolated from the lower respiratory tract in Liaocheng.For patients with MPP who have unsatisfactory response, hypermastigote should be taken into account and combined with metronidazole in therapy for better effect.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the short term effect of argon plasma coagulation (APC) combined with cryotherapy via bronchoscopy for treatment of severe post-intubation tracheal stenosis in a child.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>A 3-year old boy was admitted for cephalothorax abdominal compound trauma and dyspnea, who had severe post-incubation tracheal stenosis. The agreement about the operation risk was signed by the parents. Endotracheal APC procedure was performed with a bronchoscope under general anesthesia. The APC probe was put into the working channel of the bronchoscope. The stenotic lesion was endoscopically visualized and then coagulated by argon plasma. Such coagulation was carried out several times at the stenotic site until it gradually became dilated. The devitalized tissue was mechanically removed with grasping forceps. Thereafter, bronchoscopic cryosurgery was repeatedly performed at the stenotic site. Clinical symptoms, signs and bronchoscopic manifestations were observed right after operation, after 1 day, 10 days, 1 month and 6 months separately.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Tracheal tissue hyperplasia and cyanosis disappeared, laryngeal stridor and dyspnea improved obviously right after the operation. General condition of the patient was well, there was no laryngeal stridor and dyspnea 10 days after operation. The mucosa of the surgical site was smooth and no tracheostenosis was seen under bronchoscope at 1 month and 6 months after the operation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Argon plasma coagulation combined with cryotherapy via bronchoscope is an effective method to treat tracheal stenosis of children, which needs further exploration for the application.</p>
Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Humans , Male , Argon Plasma Coagulation , Methods , Bronchoscopy , Cryotherapy , Intubation, Intratracheal , Laryngeal Diseases , General Surgery , Trachea , General Surgery , Tracheal Stenosis , General Surgery , Treatment Outcome , Wounds and Injuries , General SurgeryABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To study the impact of asymptomatic prostatitis on semen parameters.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Based on the count of WBC in EPS, we assigned 152 patients with asymptomatic (type IV) prostatitis to Groups A (WBC + to + +) and B (WBC + + + to + + + +), and included 68 normal healthy men controls in Group C. All the patients were examined for the volume, pH value and liquefaction time of the semen, sperm concentration, sperm survival rate, grade a sperm percentage, morphologically normal sperm percentage, WBC count, and accompanying inflammatory cytokines.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The semen liquefaction time, grade a sperm percentage and morphologically normal sperm percentage were (24.5 +/- 5.2) min, 20.0 +/- 4.1 and 10.5 +/- 4.8 in Group A, (30.4 +/- 5.0) min, 10.0 +/- 3.8 and 7.5 +/- 4.2 in Group B, and (18.5 +/- 5.3) min, 32.3 +/- 4.5 and 17.8 +/- 3.6 in Group C, with statistically significant differences between A and B (P < 0.01). The pH value, semen volume, sperm survival rate and sperm concentration were 7.6 +/- 0.3, (3.0 +/- 1.1) ml, 56.0 +/- 6.0 and (65.9 +/- 11.3) x 10(6)/ml in Group A, 7.7 +/- 0.3, (2.8 +/- 1.2) ml, 52.3 +/- 6.3 and (62.5 +/- 10.3) x 10(6)/ml in Group B, and 7.5 +/- 0.2, (2.9 +/- 1.2) ml, 62.1.0 +/- 5.3 and (87.7 +/- 10.1) x 10(6)/ml in Group C, with no significant differences among the three groups (P > 0.05). The contents of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the semen were (58.64 +/- 30.82) pg/ml and (50.57 +/- 27.48) pg/ml in Group B, significantly increased as compared with (17.68 +/- 5.65) pg/ml and (23.50 +/- 4.80) pg/ml in Group C (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Asymptomatic prostatitis effects significant changes in the major parameters of the patient's semen quality.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Case-Control Studies , Cytokines , Leukocyte Count , Prostatitis , Semen , Semen Analysis , Sperm CountABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the changes of serum cardiac troponin I(cTnI)and brain natriuretic peptide(BNP)in heart failure of children with pneumonia and their relationship with heart function.Methods Thirty healthy children aged from 5 months to 3 years old were randomly selected with 17 male and 13 female(healthy group).Thirty children with severe heart failure aged from 3 months to 2 years old were selected at the same time with 21 male and 9 female(heart failure group).Thirty children with ordinary pneumonia aged from 3 months to 3 years old were also sampled with 16 male and 14 female(ordinary pneumonia group).The peripheral bloods of 2-3 mL of all children were taken.The BNP level were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the cTnI level was determined by micro-particle enzyme immunoluminescent.Left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) and left ventricular fractional shor-tening(LVFS)were detected by echocardiography.SPSS 11.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results The levels of cTnI [(0.389?0.030) ?g/L] and BNP [(0.572?0.090) ?g/L] of heart failure group increased significantly compared with healthy and ordinary pneumonia group,while their LVEF and LVFS decreased significantly(Pa