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Objective To explore the feasibility and accuracy of sex determination by morphology of the distal humerus in North China population. Methods Observing sexually dimorphic differences of olecranon fossa shape, trochlear symmetry, trochlear constriction and angle of medial epicondyle. Each characteristic was divided into three categories: male, unknown and female. The morphological characteristics of the humerus of 70 individuals (35 males and 35 females) from the Ming and Qing Dynasties in North China were counted to compare the occurrence rate of different categories of distal humeral morphology and the accuracy rate of sex determination. Results There were statistically significant differences in the performance of the four traits of the distal humerus between males and females. The accuracy rate of angle of medial epicondyle was the highest at 76%, while the lowest accuracy rate of trochlear constriction was only 52%. The accuracy of the combined four traits was higher than the single ones, with an accuracy rate of 76% (83% for males and 68% for females). Conclusion Distal humerus morphology can be used to determine sex when skulls and pelvis are absent.
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It is difficult to insert long-term dialysis catheters after severe stenosis or occlusion of the internal jugular vein and innominate vein. We used REcanalisation and balloon-oriented puncture for Re-insertion of dialysis catheter in nonpatent central veins (REBORN) in seven patients with severe central venous lesions, and all patients were inserted with long-term dialysis catheters successfully. None had severe complications such as pneumothorax, hemothorax, or pulmonary embolism during operation. All catheters functioned well after postoperative follow-up of 2 months. REBORN provides a novel approach to establish difficult dialysis pathways.
Subject(s)
Humans , Catheterization, Central Venous/adverse effects , Catheters, Indwelling , Renal Dialysis , Jugular Veins , PuncturesABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the clinical features, diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia complicated with mucormycosis, and to improve the understanding of the disease. Methods: The clinical data of 3 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) complicated with mucormycosis treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University between October 2020 and January 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. Literature search and review covered the China national knowledge infrastructure, Wanfang database and Pubmed using the keywords of "acute lymphoblastic leukemia" and "mucormycosis" up to June 2021. Results: Case 1, a 12-year-old boy, was diagnosed with ALL, developed fever and chest pain during induction therapy. The Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) testing of alveolar perfusion fluid suggested infection with Rhizopus oryzae. Amphotericin B combined with posaconazole was applied and amphotericin B was removed after improvement. Bone destruction was indicated by CT. Amphotericin B was applied again. Case 2, a 4-year-old boy, with a history of pallor and tetter, was diagnosed with ALL. He developed cough and fever during induction therapy. mNGS of blood suggested infection with Rhizomucor pusillus. Amphotericin B combined with voriconazole was applied, but the situation was not significantly improved. The disseminated infection occurred. Amphotericin B combined with posaconazole was applied and vacuum sealing drainage was performed. Case 3, a 2-year-old girl, was diagnosed with ALL, developed fever and cough during induction therapy. Rhizomucor pusillus was indicated by mNGS. Amphotericin B combined with posaconazole was used, and posaconazole was stopped after improvement. Follow-up until June 2021, the condition of the 3 children improved. There was no recurrent Mucor infection, and the primary hematopathy was in complete remission. According to the literature, 7 reports were found in Chinese journals, while 17 reports were found in English literature, 25 cases have been reported. Among a total of 28 children, 11 cases rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis, four pulmonary mucormycosis, 2 cutaneous mucormycosis, 2 gastrointestinal mucormycosis and 9 disseminated mucormycosis. There were 17 cases developed infection during induction chemotherapy, 8 cases during maintenance therapy, 3 cases after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Voriconazole was used in 15 cases; 19 cases were treated with combined surgery, 7 cases were treated with drugs only, 2 cases were untreated; 21 cases showed improvement after treatment. Death occurred in seven cases. Conclusions: ALL complicated with mucormycosis often occurs in the stage of induction therapy. The clinical features lacked specificity, mNGS can help find the pathogen and provide evidence for diagnosis. Surgical treatment also could be combined when necessary, which is helpful to improve the prognosis.
Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Amphotericin B/therapeutic use , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Mucormycosis/drug therapy , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/drug therapy , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the association between Chinese medicine (CM) therapy and disease-free survival (DFS) outcomes in postoperative patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).@*METHODS@#This multiple-center prospective cohort study was conducted in 13 medical centers in China. Patients with stage I, II, or IIIA NSCLC who had undergone radical resection and received conventional postoperative treatment according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines were recruited. The recruited patients were divided into a CM treatment group and a control group according to their wishes. Patients in the CM treatment group received continuous CM therapy for more than 6 months or until disease progression. Patients in the control group received CM therapy for less than 1 month. Follow-up was conducted over 3 years. The primary outcome was DFS, with recurrence/metastasis rates as a secondary outcome.@*RESULTS@#Between May 2013 and August 2016, 503 patients were enrolled into the cohort; 266 were classified in the CM treatment group and 237 in the control group. Adjusting for covariates, high exposure to CM was associated with better DFS [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.417, 95% confidential interval (CI): 0.307-0.567)]. A longer duration of CM therapy (6-12 months, 12-18 months, >24 months) was associated with lower recurrence and metastasis rates (HR = 0.225, 0.119 and 0.083, respectively). In a subgroup exploratory analysis, CM therapy was also a protective factor of cancer recurrence and metastasis in both stage I-IIIA (HR=0.50, 95% CI: 0.37-0.67) and stage IIIA NSCLC postoperative patients (HR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.33-0.71), DFS was even longer among CM treatment group patients.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Longer duration of CM therapy could be considered a protective factor of cancer recurrence and metastasis. CM treatment is associated with improving survival outcomes of postoperative NSCLC patients in China. (Registration No. ChiCTR-OOC-14005398).
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Objective: To compare the effects between crude and processed Epimedii Folium on the rats of kidney-Yang deficiency and edema, in order to discuss the mechanism. Method: The rat model of kidney-Yang edema was duplicated with hydrocortisone and doxorubicin hydrochloride. At day 1 and day 8 of modeling, the rats were injected with doxorubicin hydrochloride (3.5 mg·kg-1) via tail vein, while being intraperitoneally injected with hydrocortisone (3.75 mg·kg-1·d-1) for 15 days.After modeling,the rats were divided into model group,crude Epimedii Folium group(204.86 mg·kg-1)and processed Epimedii Folium group(204.86 mg·kg-1), and a normal control group was set up additionally.Rats in each treatment group were given the corresponding drugs,and those in normal and model groups were given the same volume of normal saline by gavage for continuous 14 days.At the end of the administration,24 h urine was measured by rat metabolic cage method; 24 h urinary protein was detected by ultraviolet spectrophotometry; the content of plasma albumin (ALB) and total serum protein (TP) were measured by an automatic biochemical analyzer; and the content of adenosine monophosphate was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), serum creatinine (SCr), serum urea(BUN), estradiol (E2), testosterone (T) indicator content were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Kidney tissues were collected to make pathological section by htoxylin eosin(HE) staining. Result: Compared with the normal group, all the indicators of appearance, biochemistry and pathological section in the model group indicated kidney Yang deficiency edema in the rats (PP2, T indicators to varying degrees(PPP2, T (PPP3, T4 and anal temperature (PPConclusion: Both crude Epimedii Folium group and processed Epimedii Folium group have certain effect in treating kidney Yang deficiency edema, and the possible mechanism is to alleviate glomerular podocyte injury induced by doxorubicin. Their emphasis in the treatment of kidney Yang deficiency edema is different. Crude Epimedii Folium has a cold property, and can treat kidney Yang deficiency edema by strengthening renal excretion function of rats with kidney Yang deficiency edema. Processed Epimedii Folium is processed with sheep oil to produce icariin and other substances, and its property changed from cold to warm, with a focus on alleviating the kidney Yang deficiency status of rats with kidney Yang deficiency edema.
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The aim of this paper was to discuss the protective effect and mechanism of Acanthopanax senticosus polysaccharides( ASPs) on immunological liver injury caused by conanavalin A( Con A). BALB/c mice were randomly divided into seven groups: control group,model group( Con A),low-,medium-,and high-dose( 36. 25,72. 5,145 mg·kg~(-1)) ASPs groups,bifendate( 200 mg·kg~(-1),positive drug) group and pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate( PDTC,NF-κB inhibitor,200 mg·kg~(-1)) group. ASPs groups and bifendate group were given with corresponding drugs by ig administration once daily for 7 d. Control group,model group and PDTC group were given with normal saline by ig administration once daily for 7 d. After the last ig administration,PDTC was given in DTC group by iv administration( 200 mg·kg~(-1)); 0. 5 h after that,Con A( 20 mg·kg~(-1)) was injected via the tail vein to induce immunological liver injury in all the mice except normal control group. The mice were killed 8 h later and their liver tissues were collected for histopathological examination. The contents of nitric oxide( NO),superoxide dismutase( SOD),malondialdehyde( MDA),reduced glutathione( GSHPX),interleukin( IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor( TNF-α) in liver tissues were detected by kit assay. Western blot method was used to detect TNF-α,intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1( ICAM-1),inducible nitric oxide synthase( i NOS) and nuclear factor( NF-κB) protein expression in liver tissues. As compared with model group,ASPs not only could reduce the activity of MDA,NO,IL-1β and TNF-α,but also increase the content of GSH-PX and SOD; at the same time,the protein expression levels of TNF-α,ICAM-1,i NOS and NF-κB were reduced in liver tissues; in addition,inflammatory cell infiltration was alleviated,hepatocyte cytoplasm was loose and swollen,and nuclear condensation and staining were improved. ASPs has a protective effect on immunological liver injury,and the mechanism may be associated with regulating secretion of inflammatory cytokines and the expression of adhesion factor through NF-κB signaling pathway.
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury , Drug Therapy , Cytokines , Metabolism , Eleutherococcus , Chemistry , Liver , Mice, Inbred BALB C , NF-kappa B , Metabolism , Peptides, Cyclic , Polysaccharides , Pharmacology , Random Allocation , Signal TransductionABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Aim: The role of low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy (LI-ESWT) in erectile dysfunction (ED) is not clearly determined. The purpose of this study is to investigate the short-term efficacy and safety of LI-ESWT for ED patients. Materials and Methods: Relevant studies were searched in Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WANFANG and VIP databases. Effective rate in terms of International Index of Erectile Function-Erectile Function Domain (IIEF-EF) and Erectile Hardness Score (EHS) at about 1XSmonth after LI-ESWT was extracted from eligible studies for meta-analysis to calculate risk ratio (RR) of effective treatment in ED patients treated by LI-ESWT compared to those receiving sham-treatment. Results: Overall fifteen studies were included in the review, of which four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were for meta-analysis. Effective treatment was 8.31 [95°/o confidence interval (CI): 3.88-17.78] times more effective in the LI-ESWT group (n=176) than in the sham-treatment group (n= 101) at about 1 month after the intervention in terms of EHS, while it was 2.50 (95% CI: 0.74-8.45) times more in the treatment group (n= 121) than in the control group (n=89) in terms of IIEF-EF. Nine-week protocol with energy density of 0.09mJ/mm2 and 1500 pluses seemed to have better therapeutic effect than five-week protocol. No significant adverse event was reported. Conclusion: LI-ESWT, as a noninvasive treatment, has potential short-term therapeutic effect on patients with organic ED irrespective of sensitivity to PDE5is. Owing to the limited number and quality of the studies, more large-scale, well-designed and longterm follow-up time studies are needed to confirm our analysis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation/methods , Erectile Dysfunction/therapy , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Treatment Outcome , High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation/adverse effectsABSTRACT
Objective To learn the salt intake level of residents with hypertension in rural community and the influencing factors of salt restriction behavior. Methods We used random cluster sampling method to extract two rural communities. A total of 200 residents with hypertension or high - risk of hypertension were selected as the subjects. We conducted general information questionnaire,hypertension knowledge,attitudes and behavior questionnaire,3 - day salt intake survey and urine sodium detection to evaluate the level of sodium intake. We used multivariate logistic regression equation modeling to predict influencing factors of salt restriction behavior. Results After the completion of the investigation,M (QR )for daily sodium intake of 173 cases in the intervention group was 6. 72(5. 18)g,and the main route were through the salt,monosodium glutamate ,soy sauce,pickles. Daily 24 hours urinary sodium excretion amount was 90. 10(62. 28) mmol / 24 h and 152 cases(87. 86% )of respondents had salt - restriction - spoon,and 108 cases(71. 05% )use the salt- restriction - spoon,but only 53 cases(49. 07% )used the spoon correctly. The frequency of spoon for salt restriction and sodium intake was negatively correlated(P ﹤ 0. 05),whether spoon for salt restriction was used correctly and 24 - hour urinary sodium excretion was negatively correlated( P ﹤ 0 . 0 5 ). By multivariate logistic regression analysis ,those people who had high level of the average annual household income(OR = 2. 75,95% CI:1. 16 - 6. 53),identified 6 g of salt a day(OR = 5. 43,95% CI:1. 22 - 24. 07),regular consumption of vegetables(OR = 9. 35,95% CI:1. 16 - 75. 01) and initiative to take measures to control salt( OR = 5. 05,95% CI:1. 19 - 21. 45)were more likely to use salt -restricted spoons. Residents of drinking(OR = 0. 13,95% CI:0. 02 - 0. 84)did not tend to use salt - restricted spoons. Conclusion For people with high NaCl intake and no restriction behavior,the level of health knowledge,especially the knowledge of sodium salt,should be improved and the good dietary habits including salt - limited support tools and correct methods should be promoted .
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Objective: The medical equipment safety risks were avoided and reduce in clinical use. Methods: The security issues to may occur in the process of clinical diagnosis and treatment must be recognized on the multiple links of the medical equipment design, manufacture, management, and the user from the perspective of system security. From the causes of the formation of risk classification, risk assessment, and risk several aspects were analyzed, and work out preventive measures. Results:through the medical equipment quality and safety risk management, take appropriate measures to prevent the happening of the security risks, the influence of the safety risk factors is avoided and reduced. Conclusion:the medical equipment quality and safety risk problem involves many complicated factors, It must be strengthened the quality safety risk of the medical equipment comprehensive analysis, evaluation, management and control.
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This case report presents a novel finding of 46, XX, t[10;13] [q24; q14] in a 35-year-old female with five spontaneous abortions. The only other abnormal finding was a low testosterone level. This report provides further information on the influence of balanced reciprocal translations in recurrent miscarriage
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Translocation, Genetic , Testosterone , Abortion, SpontaneousABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the clinical effect of combined chemotherapy and Chinese herbal medicine in treating colonic cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and sixty-three patients were assigned, according to their will, to two groups, 105 in the traditional Chinese medicine treated group (Group A) and 58 in the combined treatment group (Group B). The Chinese herbal drug Zhao's Weitiao No. 3 ( 3, ZW3) was given to both groups, twice a day, 40 mL each time, 30 days as one cycle, and over 6 cycles applied in total. For patients in Group B, the chemotherapy of OLF protocol (L-OHP+LV+5-FU) was given for 4-6 cycles. The effects of treatment on the main symptoms, tumor mass, patients' quality of life (QOL) and body weight, changes of carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA), as well as the integral effect and survival rate were observed and compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total effective rate in Group A and Group B was 89.52% and 86.21% respectively, on the main clinical symptoms; 86.67% and 93.10% on tumor mass, 82.86% and 77.59% on QOL, 85.71% and 75.86% on body weight and 76.19% and 79.31% on CEA. The integral efficacy of total beneficial rate was 73.33% and 68.97%; and the 3-year survival rate 49.52% and 46.65% in Group A and Group B. These data showed that the effect in Group A was better than in Group B in terms of clinical symptom improvement, QOL, body weight and integral beneficence increase and survival rate, though it was inferior in reducing the tumor mass and CEA level.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Chinese drug ZW3 for the treatment of colonic cancer could improve the main clinical symptoms, improve the QOL, increase body weight and prolong the survival time of patients, showing a favorable integral effect.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Adenocarcinoma , Diagnosis , Drug Therapy , Mortality , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic , Therapeutic Uses , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols , Therapeutic Uses , Colonic Neoplasms , Diagnosis , Drug Therapy , Mortality , Combined Modality Therapy , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Therapeutic Uses , Fluorouracil , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Methods , Organoplatinum Compounds , Quality of Life , Survival Analysis , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Objectives To clarify the basic data such as prevalent range,regiohal characteristics and the population at risk of drinking brick-tea type fluorosis in China.Methods Comprehensive survey for basic information was conducted in the provinces and autonomous regions where drinking brick-tea type fluorosis Wag prevalent,ineluding Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Tibet Autonomous Region, Sichuan Province,Xinjiang Autonomous Region, Qinghai Province,Gansu Province,Ningxia Autonomous Region and Yunan Province.The survey included the number ot counties(cifies)and townships(towns)where the people were accustomed to drinking brick-tea,pepulation,ethnic minority composition,the production and living style,sales and the kinds of brick-tea aIn so on.Results Two hundred and forty-one counties and 3246 townships were found to haye the habit 0f drinking brick-tea,among which 87.46%(2839/3246)had the habit for more than 30 years.There were 31 684 administrative vilages(residents' committees),15 047 elementary schools and 2873 temples surveyed,coveting a total population of 31 052 398 and 122 739 monks.Fifty-three ethnic minorities were involved.Han accounted for 44.86%(12 902 710/31 052 398), Uighur ethnic for 20.98%(7 416 474/31 052 398),Tibetan ethnic for 13.34%(4 323 272/31 052 398),Muslim ethnicfor 8.15%(2 767 603/31 052 398),Mongolian ethnic for 4.61%(1 400 206/31 052 398),Kazak ethnicfor 3.45% (1 218 272/31 052 398),of the population of drinking brick-tea,farmer population accounted for 64.13%(19 912 833/ 31 052 398),herdsman population for 8.79%(2 728 418/31 052 398),farmer-herdsman population for 12.53%(3 889 678/ 31 052 398)and town population for 14.56%(4 521 169/31 052 398).There Was 3926.74 tons of brick-tea sold per year in the investigated regions,mainly of Fu brick-tea,Green brick-tea and Black brick-tea.Areas with high brick- tea consumption distributed mainly in farmer region and farmer-herdsman region.Annual per capita consumption of brick-tea for farmers was 3.77 kg,and for farmer-herdsman population was 2.05 kg.Conclusions Begions with the habit of drinking brick-tea distributes extensively in western China and cover a huge population,and the herdsmen and farmer-herdsman are the main risk population.Drinking brick-tea type fluorosis is a seriolls public health issue in western China.
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To determine the genetic basis of the resistance of Schistosoma mansoni to praziquantel (PZQ) and to understand whether the resistance is dominant or recessive trait, a schistosome cross was undertaken between a PZQ-susceptible and a PZQ-resistant isolate using infections of the single-sex cercariae which were identified by a direct W1-specific PCR technique. The resistances of F1 and F2 generation to PZQ were evaluated using in vitro egg, miracidial and cercarial tests. The F1 hybrid progeny from crosses between the susceptible and resistant isolates were resistant to PZQ. The resistant phenotype reappeared in the F2 progeny. It can thus be considered that the PZQ resistance behaves like a dominant trait.
Subject(s)
Animals , Drug Resistance/genetics , Female , Male , Mice , Praziquantel/pharmacology , Schistosoma mansoni/drug effects , Schistosomicides/pharmacology , Snails/parasitologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the chemical constituents of the dried roots of Zanthoxylum dimorphophyllumr. spinifolium and to find out the active constituents of the plant.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Modern chromatography was used to purify chemical constituents, and their structures were identified by various spectral methods.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Four compounds were isolated and identified as isopimpinellin (I), xanthoxyletin (II), 6-(2', 3'-dihydroxy-3'-methyl-butyl)-7-hydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one (III), 6-(2'-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy, 3'-dihydroxy-3'-methybutyl)-7-hydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one (IV).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>All of the above compounds were isolated from the above mentioned plant for the first time.</p>