Variations in the formation pattern of median nerve

Knowledge of variations of peripheral nerves is very important for the Anatomists, Anesthesiologists, and clinicians especially to the surgeons, during their daily practice. To provide additional information about variation in the formation of median nerve on both sides, and to avoid injury to the nerve during surgical procedures of axillary region by using this knowledge. Brachial plexuses from 40 upper limbs of 20 cadavers [18 Males and 2 Females] ranging from [45-70 years old] were dissected and examined at the department of Anatomy, Nishtar Medical College, Multan. Variations of brachial plexus of both upper limbs were observed. We have found median nerve on both sides to be formed by one, or two additional roots from lateral cord or one additional root from medial cord, joining with usual roots in 15% cases. In one limb lateral cord was not formed but additional roots got origin directly from the anterior divisions of the upper and middle trunks, which joined with each other and to the medial root of the medial cord to form the lateral and medial roots of the median nerve respectively. The additional lateral or medial roots crossed third part of axillary artery very closely. Bilateral variation was found in four limbs [10%] while unilateral variation was in 2 [5%] limbs. The main trunk of the median nerve was formed in front of brachial artery in 5[12.5%] limbs. Knowledge of variation is very important during surgical exploration of axilla and arm region and during nerve block. The close course of unusual additional root of the median nerve with axillary artery may lessen the blood supply of upper extremity by compressing the vessel

Kartagener syndrome

A 23 years male presented with history of breathlessness and nasal congestion. On investigations based on clinical, radiological and laboratory findings a diagnosis of Kartagener Syndrome was made which has situs inversus, primary ciliary dyskinesia, bronchiectasis, chronic sinusitis and azospermia. He was married since few years before but had no issue

Pattern .of pulmonary tuberculosis and its associated complications amongst health care workers in a tertiary care hospital

To find out the pattern of pulmonary tuberculosis and its associated complications among health care workers in our hospital set up. Nishtar Hospital, Multan. It was a simple descriptive study. January 2003 to December 2004. The study was conducted among health care workers [Doctors, Nurses, Nursing students, and other paramedics like Lab. workers, ward assistants and cleaners], serving in the hospital for more than one year in the Medicine and Allied, Surgical and Allied and Pathology department. Among doctors, one case of active disease was detected [2.85%] while inactive disease was found in 4 subjects [11.4%]. Tuberculous infection rate was found to be 65.7%. Among nurses, 3 were detected having active [11.5%] and 5 inactive disease [19.2%]. Among nursing students, 4 were suffering from active disease [20%] and 3 inactive disease [15%]. The study showed that tuberculosis remains an occupational hazard for HCW