Clinical features of an outbreak of extensive drug resistant typhoid fever / 中华传染病杂志

Objective:To analyze the clinical features of an outbreak of extensive drug resistant typhoid fever, and to provide experience for the diagnosis and treatment of drug resistant typhoid fever.Methods:Seven patients with confirmed diagnosis of extensive drug resistant typhoid fever who visited Beijing You′an Hospital, Capital Medical University, from January 27 to February 15, 2022 were included. The clinical characteristics, drug sensitivity tests, consultation and treatment history and prognosis of the patients were analyzed through descriptive study.Results:Of the seven extensive drug resistant typhoid fever patients, three were male and four were female, one of whom was pregnant (at 32-week gestation), aged (29.8±6.8) years, with a range of 22 to 42 years. There were seven cases with fever, and the course of fever ranged from six to 20 days. There were five cases with diarrhea and lack of typhoid-specific manifestations such as rose spot, apathetic facial expression and relatively slow pulse. Four cases were complicated with intestinal bleeding and six cases developed liver function injury. Six cases had loss or decrease in eosinophil ratio and two cases had decreased white blood cell count. The results of drug susceptibility tests showed that seven strains of Salmonella typhi were resistant to chloramphenicol, ampicillin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, quinolones, ceftriaxone, cefepime, ceftazidime, cefuroxime, and sensitive to carbapenem antibiotics, tigecycline and piperacillin/tazobactam. All seven cases had a history of antimicrobial use before admission. One case was administered with intravenous ceftizoxime for seven days after admission. After discharge, cefixime was administered orally for seven days. Six patients were given intravenous piperacillin sodium/tazobactam sodium for 14 days. All blood/fecal cultures were negative and the patients were cured and discharged. During the follow-up, one patient developed splenic abscess. All the seven patients were residents of the same apartment in Beijing City, and there were water cuts and turbid odors in the incubation period, which were considered as typhoid fever outbreak caused by waterborne transmission. Conclusions:With the use of antimicrobial agents, the typical clinical manifestations of typhoid fever are absent, and the drug resistance rates to quinolone and third-generation cephalosporins increase. Appropriate antimicrobial agents should be selected and the anti-infection course should be prolonged.

The adhesion mechanism of barnacle and its cement proteins: a review / 生物工程学报

The adhesive protein secreted by marine sessile animals can resist the resistance of water and exert stickiness under the humid environment. It has become a candidate for the development of high-performance materials in the field of biomedicine and bionics. Barnacles are as one of the marine macrofoulers that can be firmly attached to the underwater substrate materials with different surface characteristics through its cement proteins. To date, the adhesion process of barnacle has been understood in-depth, but the specific underwater adhesion mechanism has not been elucidated and needs further exploration. This review first presented an overview of barnacle and its adhesion process, followed by summarizing the advances of barnacle adhesive protein, its production methods, and applications. Moreover, challenges and future perspectives were prospected.

Experimental Study on Effect of Drynaria Combining with Tissue Engineered Cartilage to Promote Cartilage Regeneration / 现代生物医学进展

Objective:To evaluate the effect of rhizome drynaria combined with tissue engineering cartilage on cartilage regeneration in experimental rabbits with cartilage defects.Methods:The hIGF-1 gene was transfected into MSCs by using the method of isola tion,purification and recombination of transgenic stem cells.The MSCs were transplanted into rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vitro.The cells were further amplified and mixed with acellular dermal matrix (ADM) to construct tissue engineered cartilage.Twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits,aged 6 months,were randomly divided into 4 groups (A,B,C and D).six rabbits in each group.Group A and C were transplanted with autologous cartilage.Group B and D were transplanted with modified cells.Group C and D group were fed with 40％ Drynaria Decoction,150ml/d for 4 weeks.Animals were sacrificed at 12 weeks postoperatively,and articular cartilage defects were isolated.Cartilage defect samples were embedded in paraffin blocks and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E).Cartilage regeneration was evaluated by gross morphology,including sclerotic shape,color,contour and homogeneity.The quality of regenerated cartilage was assessed by histological scoring.Toluidine blue staining was used to evaluate the occurrence of chondrogenic glycosaminoglycans (GAG).Results:Compared with group B,the cartilage coverage,the color of new bone marrow,the edge of defect and the surface roughness of group C and D were significantly improved (P＜0.05);the cartilage surface score of regenerated cartilage was significantly improved P＜0.05).Groups C and D had better matrix,cell distribution and surface index than the other groups.And had a thick like hyaline cartilage tissue,with the normal glycosaminoglycan production.It is indicated that drynaria combined with tissue engineering cartilage can reduce cartilage defects by regenerating hyaline cartilage.Conclusion:Cartilage combined with drynariae can significantly improve the quality of cartilage defect repair in rabbit knee joint,and provide an important theoretical basis for clinical treatment of cartilage lesions.

expression of the autophagy gene beclin-1 mRNA and protein in ectopic and eutopic endometrium of patients with endometriosis

To investigate the expression of Beclin-1 mRNA and protein in eutopic and ectopic endometrium of women with and without endometriosis, and evaluate the association of Beclin-1 protein expression and serum CA125 levels in the endometriosis group due to CA125 being a well-known biomarker of endometriosis. The expression levels [mean +/- SD] of the mRNA and protein of Beclin-1 were examined in uterine endometria from 26 women without endometriosis and in eutopic and ectopic endometria from 26 endometriosis patients through experimental study, as reverse transcription PCR and Western-blotting assays. Serum CA125 levels in the endometriosis and control groups were compared and the correlation between Beclin-1 protein expression and serum CA125 was evaluated in the endometriosis group. Both eutopic [0.12 +/- 0.04, 1.25 +/- 0.42] and ectopic [0.12 +/- 0.05, 1.09 +/- 0.50] endometriotic tissue from 26 women with endometriosis expressed significantly lower levels of Beclin-1 mRNA and protein than endometrium from 26 normal women [0.15 +/- 0.02, 1.67 +/- 0.44] [p<0.05]. Serum CA125 levels were found to be significantly higher in the endometriosis group [p<0.05]. In addition, Beclin-1 protein expression of eutopic endometria in patients with endometriosis was negatively correlated with serum CA125 [r= -0.57, p<0.01]. The present study strongly suggests that Beclin-1 may play a role in the formation and progression of endometriosis

Analysis of three wheat cytoplasmic male sterile lines mitochondrial DNA by AFLP / 生物工程学报

Cytoplasmic male sterility is an important way to utilize wheat heterosis. The purpose of thisstudy was to identify cytoplasmic type of three wheat male sterile lines. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) marker technique was used to analyze the wheat mitochondrial DNA. We isolated mitochondria by differential centrifugation and density gradient ultracentrifugation. The results show that the extracted mitochondrial DNA was pure. It was suitable for PCR and genetic analysis. We got 4 pairs of specific primers from 64 primers combinations. Primer E1/M7 amplified 3 specific fragments in ms(Kots)-90-110. Primer E4/M2 generated 2 specific fragments in ms(Ven)-90-110. Primer E7/M6 amplified 2 specific fragments in ms(S)-90-110. Primer E6/M4 produced 2 specific fragments in ms(Kots)-90-110. Four specific primers could be used to identify three cytoplasmic types of Aegilops kotschyi, Ae. ventricosa and Triticum spelta. It provided the molecular basis to further study the mechanism of wheat cytoplasmic male sterility.