systematic review and meta-analysis for surgical techniques intended to alleviate post-operative adhesions following abdominal and pelvic surgery

Background: postoperative peritoneal adhesions are common and frequent complication following abdominal and Pelvic Surgery. Adhesions can lead to bowel obstructions and infertility in women [when they develop around the reproductive organs], chronic pain which consequently results in reducing the quality of life for patients, level of energy, productivity, and increase the risk, complexity and chance of complications in subsequent surgeries. Main objective of this review is to study the implication of using the?good surgical techniques' in the prevention of postoperative adhesions

Methods: the present review included randomized controlled trials [RCTs] that investigated the different surgical technique impact on adhesion-related outcomes were identified through search in Pubmed, CENTRAL and Embase. Identified endpoints were: clinical outcomes and incidence of adhesions. The primary Identification of papers and data extraction were performed by independent researchers

Results: out of 1709 studies, there were only 21 papers eligible for a systematic review and included in the meta-analysis and qualitative assessment. None of the techniques that were compared significantly reduced the incidence of adhesive small bowel obstruction. In a small low-quality trial, the pregnancy rate increased after subserous fixation of suture knots. However, the incidence of adhesions was lower after laparoscopic compared with open surgery [relative risk [RR] 0.14; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.03-0.61] and when the peritoneum was not closed [RR 0.36; 95% CI: 0.21-0.63]

Conclusion: None of the specific techniques that were compared reduced the two main adhesion-related clinical outcomes, small bowel obstruction and infertility. The meta-analysis provides some evidence for the surgical principle that using less invasive techniques, introducing less foreign bodies or causing less ischemia reduces the extent and severity of adhesions

Histological and immunohistochemical studies on the effects of natural honey on the acetic acid induced colitis in the albino rats

Natural honey are effective for healing of major wounds, abscesses and burn. CoIonic tissue lesions of intestinal inflammatory disease patients seem to be related to the increased local production of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-I, IL-6 and TNF-alpha. To assess f there is any beneficial effect of honey on the acetic acid induced colitis through histological and immunohistochemical studies for TNF-alpha. Adult male albino rats [n= 60] were randomly divided into 3 main groups [preventive, 24 hr; acute induced colitis, 3 days and chronic induced colitis, 7 days,]: each group was subdivided into 4 subgroups [n=S/each,]: All subgroups were treated endoanally as follows: the first subgroup [control one,] treated with saline; the second [control 2] treated with honey; the third treated with acetic acid to induce colitis and the last subgroup treated with both acetic acid and honey. The studied rats of the different groups were sacrificed [24 hr; 3 and 7 days respectively]. Macroscopic and microscopic alterations in colonic tissue were evaluated. TNF-alpha expressions were assessed through immunohistochemistry. There were good effects of honey in all the 3 studied groups expressed by significant decrease in ulcer, mucosal and submucosal inflammatory cellular infiltrates and expression of TNF-alpha. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between the inflammatory cellular infiltrates and expression of TNF-alpha[p value < 0. 05] Honey has a role in prevention and treatment of ulcerative colitis in rats. Further studies are required to explore tile active ingredients responsible for the antioxidant effect of honey and its therapeutic potential in humans

Genetic studies on retinitis pigmentosa

Our study included 50 cases with retinitis pigmentosa [RP] as an isolated anomaly. Patients with syndromes associated with RP were excluded. Twenty seven cases were familial and 23 cases were sporadic. Pedigree patterns were examined in familial cases. Consanguinity was search for in both familial and sporadic cases. Electo-retinogram [ERG] showed extinguished curves in two familial cases without fundus changes. Amino acids were estimated in blood and urine for 5 cases with different patterns of inheritance. Reduced threonine and histidine levels in blood was noticed in autosomal dominant and recessive cases and normal levels in the X-linked cases