ABSTRACT
Abstract Objectives: To compare the effect of intravitreal Ranibizumab (0.3mg) and Triamicinolone (4mg) on different parameters in spectral domain OCT and their relation to visual acuity of patients with diabetic macular edema. Methods: This study is designed as a prospective randomized study. Patients were randomly divided into 2 groups receiving either Pro re nata intravitreal Ranibizumab (0.3mg) or Triamicinolone acetonide (4mg), to whom Spectral Domain OCT was done as well as best corrected Log MAR visual acuity. Results: 40 patients were included in this study. Comparison and correlation of mean BCVA and mean CMT among and within treatment groups of our study revealed strong and significant relationship between both parameters and showing equal effect of both treatment types regarding them with the consideration that Triamicinolone acetonide treated group (Group B) showed statistically significant lower CMT compared to Ranibizumab treated group (Group A) at three and six months. Also both showed equal effectivity regarding improvement of the photoreceptors integrity and in turn the improvement of the BCVA. Meanwhile the association of CMT and IS/OS integrity was found to be significant only at six months in both groups (p =0.009 in Group A; p =0.031 in Group B). The fading initial effect of a single ranibizumab injection on macular edema can be augmented by following that one injection with two injections of the loading dose. Triamicinolone effect after single injection began to fade at 3 months. Conclusion: Both treatment types had good effect on reduction of CMT and improvement of BCVA and the IS/OS junction with difference in sustainability of their effects due to difference in their pharmacokinetics and need for repeated injections.
Resumo Objetivos: Comparar o efeito do ranibizumabe intravítreo (0,3mg) e triacmicinolona (4mg) em diferentes parâmetros do domínio espectral da OCT e sua relação com a acuidade visual de pacientes com edema macular diabético. Métodos: Este estudo foi concebido como um estudo prospectivo randomizado. Os pacientes foram divididos aleatoriamente em 2 grupos que receberam Ranibizumab Pro rata intravitreal (0,3mg) ou acetonido de Triamicinolona (4mg), a quem foi realizada a Spectral Domain OCT, bem como a melhor acuidade visual de Log MAR corrigida. Resultados: Quarenta pacientes foram incluídos neste estudo. A comparação e a correlação da acuidade visual média e CMT média entre e dentro de grupos de tratamento do nosso estudo revelaram uma relação forte e significativa entre ambos os parâmetros e mostrando um efeito igual de ambos os tipos de tratamento, considerando que o grupo tratado com acetonido Triamicinolona (Grupo B) apresentou significância estatística. menor CMT comparado ao grupo tratado com Ranibizumab (Grupo A) aos três e seis meses. Também ambos mostraram igual efetividade em relação à melhoria da integridade dos fotorreceptores e, por sua vez, a melhora do BCVA. Enquanto isso, a associação de CMT e IS / OS integridade foi significativa apenas aos seis meses em ambos os grupos (p = 0,009 no Grupo A; p = 0,031 no Grupo B). O efeito inicial enfraquecido de uma única injeção de ranibizumabe no edema macular pode ser aumentado seguindo-se aquela injeção com duas injeções da dose de ataque. O efeito triamicinolona após injeção única começou a diminuir aos 3 meses. Conclusão: Ambos os tipos de tratamento tiveram bom efeito na redução da CMT e melhora do BCVA e da junção IS / OS com a diferença na sustentabilidade de seus efeitos devido à diferença em sua farmacocinética e necessidade de injeções repetidas.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Triamcinolone/therapeutic use , Macular Edema/drug therapy , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Diabetic Retinopathy/drug therapy , Ranibizumab/therapeutic use , Visual Acuity , Macular Edema/diagnosis , Macular Edema/physiopathology , Prospective Studies , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/antagonists & inhibitors , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Diabetic Retinopathy/diagnosis , Diabetic Retinopathy/physiopathology , Intravitreal InjectionsABSTRACT
The aim of the present study is to detect the histopathological impact of trypan blue dye on anterior capsular epithelial cells of the anterior capsules stained with trypan blue dye during phacoemulsification. Twenty cataractous eyes underwent anterior capsule staining using 1 mL typan blue dye 0.5%, under air as apart of a routine phacoemulsification of the cataractous lens. Anterior capsulorhexis was done and the obtained anterior capsule flaps were sent for histopathological examination. As a control group, 20 cataractous eyes underwent phacoemulsification without capsular staining and the flaps were sent for histological examination compareing the findings in both groups. The histopathological examination of the stained capsules demonstrate, focally ragged and irregular outer limit of the capsule with reduction of thickness and considerable loss of cells and change in the viability of the residual epithelial cells compared with the unstained capsules. Staining the anterior lens capsule during cataract surgery using the most popular trypan blue dye appears not only to facilitate capsular visualization but also can attack the lens epithelial cells, the main source for capsule opacification. Further studies and clinical correlation is mandatory to further evaluate the cytotoxic effect of the dye on different ocular structures and its effect on posterior capsule opacification
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/statistics & numerical data , Capsule Opacification , Endothelium, Corneal , Hospitals, UniversityABSTRACT
To determine the Pattern of body mass index of secondary school students in Gharbia Governorate and the impact of some variables on it, this study was conducted in Zjfta city. It is one of the largest cities in the Governorate with population of 95.809 persons. A representative sample of its secondary schools was chosen randomly for the study with a total number of 1234 boys and 1158 girls ages 14- 20 years. Standard techniques were employed to measure height and weight. Special scoring systems were used to determine the socioeconomic level, the physical activity and nature of feeding habits of the students. The study revealed that half of male and female students have standard weight "grade O". The underweight males were nearly three times that of females [39.7% and 13.8% respectively]. The pattern was the reverse as regards obesity grade I and II where obese females were more than four times that of males. Non of students fall in the category of very obese "grade III ". Both the socioeconomic level and the level of education of mothers showed statistically significant association with the body mass index category. As either of them increased the category increased. On the other hand, the physical inactivity could be considered as a risk factor for obesity among adolescents. Moreover, the feeding habits had significant effect on body mass index of both male and female students. Only 9.4% of females with good feeding habits were underweight corresponding to 15.1% of those with bad feeding habits. Also there was 24.2% obese females with good feeding habits compared to 33.7% with bad ones. Thus nutrition education program is highly recommended for all socioeconomic levels and all levels of education in the Egyptian society. Also, physical exercise should be encouraged by schools and parents especially for girls and implantation of good feeding habits in our children is a must to be healthy adolescents and adults