ABSTRACT
Resume o sistema de gestäo ambiental no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Descreve as atribuiçöes das principais instituiçöes por ele responsáveis. Sumaria o contexto político do setor ambiental no estado. Descreve as primeiras experiências da administraçäo em relaçäo às práticas políticas do governo. Descreve os desafios e as açöes propostas pela nova administraçäo, incluindo novos instrumentos de gestäo ambiental. Apresenta um balanço dos resultados e das experiências aprendidas e resume as experiências mais importantes.
Subject(s)
Environmental Management , Environmental Policy , Brazil , Environmental Policy , Conservation of Natural Resources , Policy MakingABSTRACT
Analisa os determinantes econômicos do desflorestamento da Amazônia brasileira e sua contribuiçäo para as emissôes de dióxido de carbono (CO2) e o efeito estufa. Para uma "cross-section" dos municípios da regiäo, estima um modelo que permite projetar e simular padröes espaciais e temporais do desflorestamento. Discute alternativas de políticas governamentais para o problema do desflorestamento.
Subject(s)
Conservation of Natural Resources , Environmental Economics , Greenhouse Effect , Amazonian Ecosystem , Brazil , Environment , Environmental Policy , Models, Theoretical , Policy MakingABSTRACT
Pest Control is treated as a economic problem. The social and the private perspectives differ due to the consideration of the environmental and social impacts as well as technical aspects such as resistance, resurgence and secondary pests. A mathematical model is developed to determine and compare the social and the private optimum control strategies (which define the Economic Thereshold Levels) for the velvetbean caterpillar on soybeans in Brazil. The crop/pest system incorporates effects of predators and parasites, the soybean natural capacity to compensate for injury and the pesticide effects on both pests and its natural enemies; in the social case, the environmental and social impacts and the effects of pest resistance to the pesticide are incorporated. Consideration of density dependence, weather effects, randomnes of pest attack and risk aversion are discussed. The results can be compared with current control practices and IPM programme recomendations.